Item talk:Q76378
From geokb
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"name": "Distribution of benthic foraminifers (>125 um) in the surface sediments of the Arctic Ocean",
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"abstract": "Census data on benthic foraminifers (>125 ?m) in surface\r\nsediment samples from 49 box cores are used to define\r\nfour depth-controlled biofacies, which will aid in the paleoceanographic\r\nreconstruction of the Arctic Ocean. The shelf\r\nbiofacies contains a mix of shallow-water calcareous and\r\nagglutinated species from the continental shelves of the\r\nBeaufort and Chukchi Seas and reflects the variable sedimentologic\r\nand oceanic conditions of the Arctic shelves.\r\nThe intermediate-depth calcareous biofacies, found between\r\n500 and 1,100 meters water depth (mwd), contains abundant\r\nCassidulina teretis\r\n, presumably indicating the influence of\r\nAtlantic-derived water at this depth. In water depths\r\nbetween 1,100 and 3,500 m, a deepwater calcareous biofacies\r\ncontains abundant\r\nOridorsalis umbonatus\r\n. Below 3,500\r\nmwd, the deepwater mixed calcareous/agglutinated biofacies\r\nof the Canada, Makarov, and Eurasian Basins reflects a\r\ncombination of low productivity, dissolution, and sediment\r\ntransport.\r\nTwo other benthic foraminiferal species show specific\r\nenvironmental preferences.\r\nFontbotia wuellerstorfi\r\nhas a\r\ndepth distribution between 900 and 3,500 mwd, but maximum\r\nabundance occurs in the region of the Mendeleyev\r\nRidge. The elevated abundance of\r\nF. wuellerstorfi\r\nmay be\r\nrelated to increased food supply carried by a branch of\r\nAtlantic water that crosses the Lomonosov Ridge near the\r\nRussian Continental Shelf.\r\nTriloculina frigida\r\nis recognized\r\nto be a species preferring lower slope sediments commonly\r\ndisturbed by turbidites and bottom currents.\r\nINTRODUCTION\r\nAt present, our understanding of the Arctic Ocean lags\r\nbehind our understanding of other oceans, and fundamental\r\nquestions still exist about its role in and response to global\r\nclimate change. The Arctic Ocean is particularly sensitive to\r\nclimatic fluctuations because small changes in the amounts\r\nof sea-ice cover can alter global albedo and thermohaline\r\ncirculation (Aagaard and Carmack, 1994). Numerous questions\r\nstill exist regarding the nature and timing of paleoclimatic\r\nevents in the Arctic Ocean. In order to attempt to\r\nanswer some of these questions, baseline studies are imperative.\r\nThis report discusses the distribution of benthic foraminifers\r\nin surface sediment samples from 49 box cores\r\n(figs. 1 and 2, table 1) collected by the U.S. Geological Survey\r\n(USGS) with the assistance of the U.S. Coast Guard\r\n(USCG). A modern data set of benthic foraminiferal distribution\r\nis necessary for interpreting the paleoclimatic and\r\noceanographic history of the Arctic Ocean.",
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