Item talk:Q74318
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "schema": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "CreativeWork", "additionalType": "USGS Numbered Series", "name": "Land-subsidence and ground-water storage monitoring in the Tucson Active Management Area, Arizona", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "fs08400", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/fs08400" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 6764 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.3133/fs08400", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/fs08400" } ], "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Fact Sheet" } ], "datePublished": "2000", "dateModified": "2022-09-26", "abstract": "The Tucson Active Management Area (TAMA) comprises two basins--Tucson Basin and Avra Valley. The TAMA has been directed by Arizona ground-water law to attain an annual balance between groundwater withdrawals and recharge by the year 2025. This balance is defined by the statute as \"safe yield.\" Current ground-water withdrawals exceed recharge, resulting in conditions of ground-water overdraft, which causes removal of water from ground-water storage and subsidence of the land surface. Depletion of storage and associated land subsidence will not be halted until all discharge from the system, both natural and human induced, is balanced by recharge.\n\nThe amount of the ground-water overdraft has been difficult to estimate until recently because it could not be directly measured. Overdraft has been estimated using indirect water-budget methods that rely on uncertain estimates of recharge. As a result, the status of the ground-water budget could not be known with great certainty.\n\nGravity methods offer a means to directly measure ground-water overdraft through measurement of changes in the gravitational field of the Earth that are caused by changes in the amount of water stored in the subsurface. Changes in vertical position also affect the measured gravity value and thus subsidence also must be monitored. The combination of periodic observations of gravity and vertical positions provide direct measures of changes in stored ground water and land subsidence.", "description": "4 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Cole, K. C.", "givenName": "K. C.", "familyName": "Cole" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Winster, Daniel", "givenName": "Daniel", "familyName": "Winster" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Pool, Don R.", "givenName": "Don R.", "familyName": "Pool" } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Arizona Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center" } ], "spatialCoverage": [ { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "country", "name": "United States", "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Arizona" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "unknown", "name": "Avra Valley", "url": "https://geonames.org/5552320" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "unknown", "name": "Tucson Basin" }, { "@type": "Place", "geo": [ { "@type": "GeoShape", "additionalProperty": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "GeoJSON", "value": { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {}, "geometry": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ -111.5, 31.933 ], [ -110.716, 31.933 ], [ -110.716, 32.81 ], [ -111.5, 32.81 ], [ -111.5, 31.933 ] ] ] } } ] } } }, { "@type": "GeoCoordinates", "latitude": 32.3715, "longitude": -111.10800000000002 } ] } ] } }, "OpenAlex": { "abstract_inverted_index": { "The": [ 0, 13, 97, 200 ], "Tucson": [ 1 ], "Active": [ 2 ], "Management": [ 3 ], "Area": [ 4 ], "(TAMA)": [ 5 ], "comprises": [ 6 ], "two": [ 7 ], "basins--Tucson": [ 8 ], "Basin": [ 9 ], "and": [ 10, 30, 65, 74, 90, 193, 207, 219 ], "Avra": [ 11 ], "Valley.": [ 12 ], "TAMA": [ 14 ], "has": [ 15, 103, 118 ], "been": [ 16, 104, 119 ], "directed": [ 17 ], "by": [ 18, 32, 40, 95, 172 ], "Arizona": [ 19 ], "ground-water": [ 20, 47, 55, 63, 101, 139, 156 ], "law": [ 21 ], "to": [ 22, 106, 153 ], "attain": [ 23 ], "an": [ 24 ], "annual": [ 25 ], "balance": [ 26, 37 ], "between": [ 27 ], "groundwater": [ 28 ], "withdrawals": [ 29, 48 ], "recharge": [ 31 ], "the": [ 33, 41, 68, 86, 100, 135, 138, 163, 167, 175, 181, 189 ], "year": [ 34 ], "2025.": [ 35 ], "This": [ 36 ], "is": [ 38, 93 ], "defined": [ 39 ], "statute": [ 42 ], "as": [ 43 ], "\"safe": [ 44 ], "yield.\"": [ 45 ], "Current": [ 46 ], "exceed": [ 49 ], "recharge,": [ 50 ], "resulting": [ 51 ], "in": [ 52, 162, 174, 180, 184, 215 ], "conditions": [ 53 ], "of": [ 54, 60, 67, 72, 99, 130, 137, 160, 166, 177, 202, 205, 213 ], "overdraft,": [ 56 ], "which": [ 57 ], "causes": [ 58 ], "removal": [ 59 ], "water": [ 61, 178, 218 ], "from": [ 62, 85 ], "storage": [ 64, 73 ], "subsidence": [ 66, 77, 195 ], "land": [ 69, 76, 220 ], "surface.": [ 70 ], "Depletion": [ 71 ], "associated": [ 75 ], "will": [ 78 ], "not": [ 79, 113, 142 ], "be": [ 80, 114, 143, 198 ], "halted": [ 81 ], "until": [ 82, 108 ], "all": [ 83 ], "discharge": [ 84 ], "system,": [ 87 ], "both": [ 88 ], "natural": [ 89 ], "human": [ 91 ], "induced,": [ 92 ], "balanced": [ 94 ], "recharge.": [ 96, 131 ], "amount": [ 98, 176 ], "overdraft": [ 102, 157 ], "difficult": [ 105 ], "estimate": [ 107 ], "recently": [ 109 ], "because": [ 110 ], "it": [ 111 ], "could": [ 112, 141 ], "directly": [ 115, 154 ], "measured.": [ 116 ], "Overdraft": [ 117 ], "estimated": [ 120 ], "using": [ 121 ], "indirect": [ 122 ], "water-budget": [ 123 ], "methods": [ 124, 149 ], "that": [ 125, 169 ], "rely": [ 126 ], "on": [ 127 ], "uncertain": [ 128 ], "estimates": [ 129 ], "As": [ 132 ], "a": [ 133, 151 ], "result,": [ 134 ], "status": [ 136 ], "budget": [ 140 ], "known": [ 144 ], "with": [ 145 ], "great": [ 146 ], "certainty.": [ 147 ], "Gravity": [ 148 ], "offer": [ 150 ], "means": [ 152 ], "measure": [ 155 ], "through": [ 158 ], "measurement": [ 159 ], "changes": [ 161, 173, 214 ], "gravitational": [ 164 ], "field": [ 165 ], "Earth": [ 168 ], "are": [ 170 ], "caused": [ 171 ], "stored": [ 179, 216 ], "subsurface.": [ 182 ], "Changes": [ 183 ], "vertical": [ 185, 208 ], "position": [ 186 ], "also": [ 187, 196 ], "affect": [ 188 ], "measured": [ 190 ], "gravity": [ 191, 206 ], "value": [ 192 ], "thus": [ 194 ], "must": [ 197 ], "monitored.": [ 199 ], "combination": [ 201 ], "periodic": [ 203 ], "observations": [ 204 ], "positions": [ 209 ], "provide": [ 210 ], "direct": [ 211 ], "measures": [ 212 ], "ground": [ 217 ], "subsidence.": [ 221 ] }, "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "authorships": [ { "author_position": "first", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5089306977", "display_name": "D. R. Pool", "orcid": null }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I8606887", "display_name": "Grand Valley State University", "ror": "https://ror.org/001m1hv61", "country_code": "US", "type": "education", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I8606887" ] }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/I8459677", "display_name": "NOAA National Geodetic Survey", "ror": "https://ror.org/02f762h70", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1308126019", "https://openalex.org/I1316690553", "https://openalex.org/I1343035065", "https://openalex.org/I8459677" ] }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/I1308126019", "display_name": "National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration", "ror": "https://ror.org/02z5nhe81", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1308126019", "https://openalex.org/I1343035065" ] } ], "countries": [ "US" ], "is_corresponding": true, "raw_author_name": "Don R. 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"sustainable_development_goals": [ { "score": 0.66, "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6", "display_name": "Clean water and sanitation" } ], "title": "Land-subsidence and ground-water storage monitoring in the Tucson Active Management Area, Arizona", "topics": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/T11405", "display_name": "Global Sea Level Variability and Change", "score": 0.9993, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1910", "display_name": "Oceanography" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19", "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences" }, "domain": { "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3", "display_name": "Physical Sciences" } }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/T10572", "display_name": "Geophysical Exploration and Monitoring Techniques", "score": 0.9976, "subfield": { "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1908", "display_name": "Geophysics" }, "field": { "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19", "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences" }, "domain": { "id": 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}