Item talk:Q304089

From geokb

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Extent of impact of deep-sea nodule mining midwater plumes is influenced by sediment loading, turbulence and thresholds",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70222452",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70222452"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70222452
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Communications Earth & Environment",
     "volumeNumber": "2",
     "issueNumber": null
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Communications Earth & Environment"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "dateModified": "2021-07-30",
   "abstract": "Deep-sea polymetallic nodule mining research activity has substantially increased in recent years, but the expected level of environmental impact is still being established. One environmental concern is the discharge of a sediment plume into the midwater column. We performed a dedicated field study using sediment from the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone. The plume was monitored and tracked using both\u00a0established and novel instrumentation, including acoustic and turbulence measurements. Our field studies reveal that modeling can reliably predict the properties of a midwater plume in the vicinity of the\u00a0discharge and that sediment aggregation effects are not significant. The plume model is used to drive a numerical simulation of a commercial-scale operation in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone. Key takeaways are that the scale of\u00a0impact of\u00a0the plume is notably influenced by the values of environmentally acceptable threshold levels, the quantity of discharged sediment, and the turbulent diffusivity in the Clarion Clipperton Fracture Zone.",
   "description": "148, 16 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "Nature"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Decrop, Boudewijn",
       "givenName": "Boudewijn",
       "familyName": "Decrop",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "International Marine and Dredging Consultants"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Munoz-Royo, Carlos",
       "givenName": "Carlos",
       "familyName": "Munoz-Royo",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Peacock, Thomas",
       "givenName": "Thomas",
       "familyName": "Peacock",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Alford, Matthew",
       "givenName": "Matthew",
       "familyName": "Alford",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "SCRIPPS"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Smith, Jerome",
       "givenName": "Jerome",
       "familyName": "Smith",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "SCRIPPS"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Le Boyer, Arnaud",
       "givenName": "Arnaud",
       "familyName": "Le Boyer",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "SCRIPPS"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Kulkarni, Chinmay",
       "givenName": "Chinmay",
       "familyName": "Kulkarni",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Carnegie Mellon University, Silicon Valley"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Lermusiaux, Pierre",
       "givenName": "Pierre",
       "familyName": "Lermusiaux",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Haley, Patrick",
       "givenName": "Patrick",
       "familyName": "Haley",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Mirabito, C",
       "givenName": "C",
       "familyName": "Mirabito",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Wang, Dayang",
       "givenName": "Dayang",
       "familyName": "Wang",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Adams, Eric",
       "givenName": "Eric",
       "familyName": "Adams",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Ouillon, Raphael",
       "givenName": "Raphael",
       "familyName": "Ouillon",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Breugem, Alexander",
       "givenName": "Alexander",
       "familyName": "Breugem",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "International Marine and Dredging Consultants"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Lanckreit, Thijs",
       "givenName": "Thijs",
       "familyName": "Lanckreit",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "International Marine and Dredging Consultants"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Supekar, Rohit",
       "givenName": "Rohit",
       "familyName": "Supekar",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Rzeznik, Andrew",
       "givenName": "Andrew",
       "familyName": "Rzeznik",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "MIT"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Gartman, Amy agartman@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Amy",
       "familyName": "Gartman",
       "email": "agartman@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-9307-3062",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-3062"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Se-Jong Ju",
       "familyName": "Se-Jong Ju",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, Republic of Korea"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-coastal-and-marine-science-center"
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "_id": "https://openalex.org/W3185574535",
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Abstract": [
       0
     ],
     "Deep-sea": [
       1
     ],
     "polymetallic": [
       2
     ],
     "nodule": [
       3
     ],
     "mining": [
       4
     ],
     "research": [
       5
     ],
     "activity": [
       6
     ],
     "has": [
       7
     ],
     "substantially": [
       8
     ],
     "increased": [
       9
     ],
     "in": [
       10,
       84,
       112,
       149
     ],
     "recent": [
       11
     ],
     "years,": [
       12
     ],
     "but": [
       13
     ],
     "the": [
       14,
       28,
       35,
       47,
       78,
       85,
       88,
       113,
       122,
       127,
       133,
       140,
       146,
       150
     ],
     "expected": [
       15
     ],
     "level": [
       16
     ],
     "of": [
       17,
       30,
       80,
       87,
       108,
       124,
       126,
       135,
       142
     ],
     "environmental": [
       18,
       25
     ],
     "impact": [
       19,
       125
     ],
     "is": [
       20,
       27,
       101,
       129
     ],
     "still": [
       21
     ],
     "being": [
       22
     ],
     "established.": [
       23
     ],
     "One": [
       24
     ],
     "concern": [
       26
     ],
     "discharge": [
       29,
       89
     ],
     "a": [
       31,
       40,
       81,
       105,
       109
     ],
     "sediment": [
       32,
       45,
       92
     ],
     "plume": [
       33,
       53,
       83,
       99,
       128
     ],
     "into": [
       34
     ],
     "midwater": [
       36,
       82
     ],
     "column.": [
       37
     ],
     "We": [
       38
     ],
     "performed": [
       39
     ],
     "dedicated": [
       41
     ],
     "field": [
       42,
       70
     ],
     "study": [
       43
     ],
     "using": [
       44,
       58
     ],
     "from": [
       46
     ],
     "Clarion": [
       48,
       114,
       151
     ],
     "Clipperton": [
       49,
       115,
       152
     ],
     "Fracture": [
       50,
       116,
       153
     ],
     "Zone.": [
       51,
       117,
       154
     ],
     "The": [
       52,
       98
     ],
     "was": [
       54
     ],
     "monitored": [
       55
     ],
     "and": [
       56,
       61,
       66,
       90,
       145
     ],
     "tracked": [
       57
     ],
     "both": [
       59
     ],
     "established": [
       60
     ],
     "novel": [
       62
     ],
     "instrumentation,": [
       63
     ],
     "including": [
       64
     ],
     "acoustic": [
       65
     ],
     "turbulence": [
       67
     ],
     "measurements.": [
       68
     ],
     "Our": [
       69
     ],
     "studies": [
       71
     ],
     "reveal": [
       72
     ],
     "that": [
       73,
       91,
       121
     ],
     "modeling": [
       74
     ],
     "can": [
       75
     ],
     "reliably": [
       76
     ],
     "predict": [
       77
     ],
     "properties": [
       79
     ],
     "vicinity": [
       86
     ],
     "aggregation": [
       93
     ],
     "effects": [
       94
     ],
     "are": [
       95,
       120
     ],
     "not": [
       96
     ],
     "significant.": [
       97
     ],
     "model": [
       100
     ],
     "used": [
       102
     ],
     "to": [
       103
     ],
     "drive": [
       104
     ],
     "numerical": [
       106
     ],
     "simulation": [
       107
     ],
     "commercial-scale": [
       110
     ],
     "operation": [
       111
     ],
     "Key": [
       118
     ],
     "takeaways": [
       119
     ],
     "scale": [
       123
     ],
     "notably": [
       130
     ],
     "influenced": [
       131
     ],
     "by": [
       132
     ],
     "values": [
       134
     ],
     "environmentally": [
       136
     ],
     "acceptable": [
       137
     ],
     "threshold": [
       138
     ],
     "levels,": [
       139
     ],
     "quantity": [
       141
     ],
     "discharged": [
       143
     ],
     "sediment,": [
       144
     ],
     "turbulent": [
       147
     ],
     "diffusivity": [
       148
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": {
     "value": 1990,
     "currency": "GBP",
     "value_usd": 2440,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "apc_paid": {
     "value": 1990,
     "currency": "GBP",
     "value_usd": 2440,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5008372838",
         "display_name": "Carlos Munoz Royo",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2181-0577"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": true,
       "raw_author_name": "Carlos Mu\u00f1oz-Royo",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5006197015",
         "display_name": "Thomas Peacock",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7639-0194"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": true,
       "raw_author_name": "Thomas Peacock",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5029814194",
         "display_name": "Matthew H. Alford",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6318-0737"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
           "display_name": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04v7hvq31",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
             "https://openalex.org/I36258959"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Matthew H. Alford",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5103472792",
         "display_name": "Jerome A. Smith",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
           "display_name": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04v7hvq31",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
             "https://openalex.org/I36258959"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Jerome A. Smith",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5083665960",
         "display_name": "Arnaud Le Boyer",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-1895"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
           "display_name": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04v7hvq31",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017",
             "https://openalex.org/I36258959"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Arnaud Le Boyer",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, La Jolla, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I150209017"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5017817498",
         "display_name": "Chinmay S. Kulkarni",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-6141"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Chinmay S. Kulkarni",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5062670983",
         "display_name": "Pierre F. J. Lermusiaux",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1869-3883"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Pierre F. J. Lermusiaux",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5027146475",
         "display_name": "Patrick J. Haley",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3034-7534"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Patrick J. Haley",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5025447699",
         "display_name": "Chris Mirabito",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Chris Mirabito",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5011790480",
         "display_name": "Dayang Wang",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-4248"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Dayang Wang",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5101568195",
         "display_name": "E. Eric Adams",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5577-683X"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "E. Eric Adams",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5080797458",
         "display_name": "Raphael Ouillon",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4141-8978"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Raphael Ouillon",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5080161375",
         "display_name": "Alexander Breugem",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [
         "BE"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Alexander Breugem",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "International Marine and Dredging Consultants, Antwerp, Belgium"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "International Marine and Dredging Consultants, Antwerp, Belgium",
           "institution_ids": []
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5013166363",
         "display_name": "Boudewijn Decrop",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [
         "BE"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Boudewijn Decrop",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "International Marine and Dredging Consultants, Antwerp, Belgium"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "International Marine and Dredging Consultants, Antwerp, Belgium",
           "institution_ids": []
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5010037697",
         "display_name": "Thijs Lanckriet",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0467-0346"
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [
         "BE"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Thijs Lanckriet",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Fluves, Ghent, Belgium"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Fluves, Ghent, Belgium",
           "institution_ids": []
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5071270643",
         "display_name": "Rohit Supekar",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1226-0710"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Rohit B. Supekar",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5042902411",
         "display_name": "Andrew Rzeznik",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
           "display_name": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/042nb2s44",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Andrew J. Rzeznik",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5039636480",
         "display_name": "Amy Gartman",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9307-3062"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Amy Gartman",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, PCMSC, Santa Cruz, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, PCMSC, Santa Cruz, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5066504914",
         "display_name": "Se\u2010Jong Ju",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3479-6652"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I133437993",
           "display_name": "Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/032m55064",
           "country_code": "KR",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I133437993"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "KR"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Se-Jong Ju",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, Republic of Korea"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan, Republic of Korea",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I133437993"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00213-8.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210221880",
       "display_name": "Communications Earth & Environment",
       "issn_l": "2662-4435",
       "issn": [
         "2662-4435"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
       "host_organization_name": "Nature Portfolio",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
         "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Nature Portfolio",
         "Springer Nature"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "2",
     "issue": "1",
     "first_page": null,
     "last_page": null
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3185574535",
   "cited_by_count": 51,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 98,
     "max": 99
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c2775840915",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817528",
       "display_name": "Plume",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.85797346,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c2816523",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180184",
       "display_name": "Sediment",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.69443464,
       "qid": "Q43659"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c84857602",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5012668",
       "display_name": "CLARION",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6605439,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.5650845,
       "qid": "Q158984"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.5220392,
       "qid": "Q166085"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c111368507",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518",
       "display_name": "Oceanography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.50441587,
       "qid": "Q166123"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c196558001",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190132",
       "display_name": "Turbulence",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.48522094,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c43369102",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2307625",
       "display_name": "Fracture (geology)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.46147346,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c2778677506",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5477586",
       "display_name": "Fracture zone",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.41074613,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c153294291",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261",
       "display_name": "Meteorology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.19800812,
       "qid": "Q159006"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c114793014",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109",
       "display_name": "Geomorphology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.19043991,
       "qid": "Q158985"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c187320778",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
       "display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.14452621,
       "qid": "Q226247"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c121332964",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413",
       "display_name": "Physics",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0,
       "qid": "Q166093"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c154945302",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660",
       "display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0,
       "qid": "Q166116"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c41008148",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
       "display_name": "Computer science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0,
       "qid": "Q158969"
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/A5008372838",
     "https://openalex.org/A5006197015"
   ],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/I63966007",
     "https://openalex.org/I63966007"
   ],
   "countries_distinct_count": 3,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2024,
       "cited_by_count": 16
     },
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 15
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 16
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2021-08-02",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Extent of impact of deep-sea nodule mining midwater plumes is influenced by sediment loading, turbulence and thresholds",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
   "fulltext_origin": "pdf",
   "fwci": 9.301,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": true,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W3185574535",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3185574535",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
     "mag": "3185574535"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref",
     "doaj"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 4,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/clarion",
       "display_name": "CLARION",
       "score": 0.6605439
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/tidal-analysis",
       "display_name": "Tidal Analysis",
       "score": 0.528407
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/wave-modeling",
       "display_name": "Wave Modeling",
       "score": 0.507503
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-zone",
       "display_name": "Fracture zone",
       "score": 0.41074613
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
       "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00213-8.pdf",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210221880",
         "display_name": "Communications Earth & Environment",
         "issn_l": "2662-4435",
         "issn": [
           "2662-4435"
         ],
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": true,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
         "host_organization_name": "Nature Portfolio",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
           "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Nature Portfolio",
           "Springer Nature"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": "cc-by",
       "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/da30252897004e2db9aa52c2c3684050",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
         "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": null,
         "host_organization_name": null,
         "host_organization_lineage": [],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 2,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W3185574535/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "oa_status": "gold",
     "oa_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00213-8.pdf",
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-021-00213-8",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-021-00213-8.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S4210221880",
       "display_name": "Communications Earth & Environment",
       "issn_l": "2662-4435",
       "issn": [
         "2662-4435"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
       "host_organization_name": "Nature Portfolio",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310319908",
         "https://openalex.org/P4310319965"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Nature Portfolio",
         "Springer Nature"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10647",
     "display_name": "Coastal Dynamics and Climate Change Impacts",
     "score": 0.9968,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1904",
       "display_name": "Earth-Surface Processes"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
       "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2021-07-27",
   "publication_year": 2021,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1577223726",
     "https://openalex.org/W1963549306",
     "https://openalex.org/W1966489553",
     "https://openalex.org/W1973656473",
     "https://openalex.org/W1975809007",
     "https://openalex.org/W1978607228",
     "https://openalex.org/W1981367618",
     "https://openalex.org/W2005938672",
     "https://openalex.org/W2014453774",
     "https://openalex.org/W2021959819",
     "https://openalex.org/W2022991811",
     "https://openalex.org/W2040334935",
     "https://openalex.org/W2042890900",
     "https://openalex.org/W2053507930",
     "https://openalex.org/W2062109006",
     "https://openalex.org/W2073725893",
     "https://openalex.org/W2073817569",
     "https://openalex.org/W2085656778",
     "https://openalex.org/W2089319974",
     "https://openalex.org/W2093302812",
     "https://openalex.org/W2107109600",
     "https://openalex.org/W2115334653",
     "https://openalex.org/W2118063992",
     "https://openalex.org/W2130097436",
     "https://openalex.org/W2134589460",
     "https://openalex.org/W2138599562",
     "https://openalex.org/W2168819025",
     "https://openalex.org/W2175023984",
     "https://openalex.org/W2230727811",
     "https://openalex.org/W2325913447",
     "https://openalex.org/W2328727364",
     "https://openalex.org/W2344684212",
     "https://openalex.org/W2496838921",
     "https://openalex.org/W2504007069",
     "https://openalex.org/W2507646402",
     "https://openalex.org/W2597674758",
     "https://openalex.org/W2610175300",
     "https://openalex.org/W2770479302",
     "https://openalex.org/W2778282741",
     "https://openalex.org/W2901311891",
     "https://openalex.org/W2904131571",
     "https://openalex.org/W2905725079",
     "https://openalex.org/W2910855398",
     "https://openalex.org/W2932093270",
     "https://openalex.org/W2942206357",
     "https://openalex.org/W2956267354",
     "https://openalex.org/W2965306080",
     "https://openalex.org/W3007658031",
     "https://openalex.org/W3011302855",
     "https://openalex.org/W3042118080",
     "https://openalex.org/W3047023467",
     "https://openalex.org/W3159657371",
     "https://openalex.org/W3161064465",
     "https://openalex.org/W3175101809",
     "https://openalex.org/W4232501036",
     "https://openalex.org/W608926491"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 56,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W4291183989",
     "https://openalex.org/W4205976118",
     "https://openalex.org/W3185859520",
     "https://openalex.org/W3185574535",
     "https://openalex.org/W2917498364",
     "https://openalex.org/W239731878",
     "https://openalex.org/W2325880483",
     "https://openalex.org/W2101439081",
     "https://openalex.org/W2045914785",
     "https://openalex.org/W2008276752"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14",
       "display_name": "Life below water",
       "score": 0.89
     }
   ],
   "title": "Extent of impact of deep-sea nodule mining midwater plumes is influenced by sediment loading, turbulence and thresholds",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10647",
       "display_name": "Coastal Dynamics and Climate Change Impacts",
       "score": 0.9968,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1904",
         "display_name": "Earth-Surface Processes"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10965",
       "display_name": "Sedimentary Processes in Earth's Geology",
       "score": 0.9908,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1904",
         "display_name": "Earth-Surface Processes"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10255",
       "display_name": "Oceanic Modeling and Circulation Studies",
       "score": 0.9839,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1910",
         "display_name": "Oceanography"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
         "display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-08T10:20:21.446442",
   "versions": [],
   "qid": null
 }

}