Item talk:Q302193

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Tracer gauge: An automated dye dilution gauging system for ice\u2010affected streams",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70032528",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70032528"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70032528
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1029/2008WR007090",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007090"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Water Resources Research",
     "volumeNumber": "44",
     "issueNumber": "12"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Water Resources Research"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2008",
   "dateModified": "2018-04-02",
   "abstract": "In\u2010stream flow protection programs require accurate, real\u2010time streamflow data to aid in the protection of aquatic ecosystems during winter base flow periods. In cold regions, however, winter streamflow often can only be estimated because in\u2010channel ice causes variable backwater conditions and alters the stage\u2010discharge relation. In this study, an automated dye dilution gauging system, a tracer gauge, was developed for measuring discharge in ice\u2010affected streams. Rhodamine WT is injected into the stream at a constant rate, and downstream concentrations are measured with a submersible fluorometer. Data loggers control system operations, monitor key variables, and perform discharge calculations. Comparison of discharge from the tracer gauge and from a Cipoletti weir during periods of extensive ice cover indicated that the root\u2010mean\u2010square error of the tracer gauge was 0.029 m3\u00a0s\u22121, or 6.3% of average discharge for the study period. The tracer gauge system can provide much more accurate data than is currently available for streams that are strongly ice affected and, thus, could substantially improve management of in\u2010stream flow protection programs during winter in cold regions. Care must be taken, however, to test for the validity of key assumptions, including complete mixing and conservative behavior of dye, no changes in storage, and no gains or losses of water to or from the stream along the study reach. These assumptions may be tested by measuring flow\u2010weighted dye concentrations across the stream, performing dye mass balance analyses, and evaluating breakthrough curve behavior.",
   "description": "Article W12441; 11 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "American Geophysical Union"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Clow, David W. dwclow@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "David W.",
       "familyName": "Clow",
       "email": "dwclow@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-6183-4824",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6183-4824"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Colorado Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/colorado-water-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Fleming, Andrea C.",
       "givenName": "Andrea C.",
       "familyName": "Fleming"
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Colorado Water Science Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/colorado-water-science-center"
     }
   ]
 }

}