Item talk:Q273273

From geokb

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Evaluating stereo digital terrain model quality at Mars Rover Landing Sites with HRSC, CTX, and HiRISE Images",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70225507",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70225507"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70225507
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.3390/rs13173511",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Remote Sensing",
     "volumeNumber": "13",
     "issueNumber": "17"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Remote Sensing"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2021",
   "dateModified": "2021-10-18",
   "abstract": "We have used high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) of two rover landing sites based on mosaicked images from the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera as a reference to evaluate DTMs based on High-Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC) and Context Camera (CTX) images. The Next-Generation Automatic Terrain Extraction (NGATE) matcher in the SOCET SET and GXP\u00ae commercial photogrammetric systems produces DTMs with good (small) horizontal resolution but large vertical error. Somewhat surprisingly, results for NGATE are terrain dependent, with poorer resolution and smaller errors on smoother surfaces. Multiple approaches to smoothing the NGATE DTMs give similar tradeoffs between resolution and error; a 5 \u00d7 5 lowpass filter is near optimal in terms of both combined resolution-error performance and local slope estimation. Smoothing with an area-based matcher, the standard processing for U.S. Geological Survey planetary DTMs, yields similar errors to the 5 \u00d7 5 filter at slightly worse resolution. DTMs from the HRSC team processing pipeline fall within this same trade space but are less sensitive to terrain roughness. DTMs produced with the Ames Stereo Pipeline also fall in this space at resolutions intermediate between NGATE and the team pipeline. Considered individually, resolution and error each varied by approximately a factor of 2. Matching errors were 0.2\u20130.5 pixels but most results fell in the 0.2\u20130.3 pixel range that has been stated as a rule of thumb in multiple prior studies. Horizontal resolutions of 10\u201320 image pixels were found, consistently greater than the 3\u20135 pixel spacing generally used for stereo DTM production. Resolution and precision were inversely correlated; their product varied by \u226420% (4\u20135 pixels squared). Refinement of the stereo DTM by photoclinometry can yield quantitative improvement in resolution (more than a factor of 2), provided that albedo variations over distances smaller than the stereo DTM resolution are not too severe. We offer specific guidance for both producers and users of planetary stereo DTMs, based on our results.\u00a0",
   "description": "3511, 40 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "MDPI"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Gwinner, Klaus",
       "givenName": "Klaus",
       "familyName": "Gwinner"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Hare, Trent M. thare@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Trent M.",
       "familyName": "Hare",
       "email": "thare@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-8842-389X",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Galuszka, Donna M. dgaluszka@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Donna M.",
       "familyName": "Galuszka",
       "email": "dgaluszka@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-1870-1182",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-1182"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Redding, Bonnie L. bredding@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Bonnie L.",
       "familyName": "Redding",
       "email": "bredding@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-8178-1467",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1467"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Fergason, Robin L.",
       "givenName": "Robin L.",
       "familyName": "Fergason",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-2044-1714",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-1714"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Mayer, David",
       "givenName": "David",
       "familyName": "Mayer",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-8351-1807",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-1807"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Kirk, Randolph L. rkirk@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Randolph L.",
       "familyName": "Kirk",
       "email": "rkirk@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-0842-9226",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/astrogeology-science-center"
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "_id": "https://openalex.org/w3197033978",
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "We": [
       0,
       298
     ],
     "have": [
       1
     ],
     "used": [
       2,
       244
     ],
     "high-resolution": [
       3
     ],
     "digital": [
       4
     ],
     "terrain": [
       5,
       75,
       165
     ],
     "models": [
       6
     ],
     "(DTMs)": [
       7
     ],
     "of": [
       8,
       111,
       199,
       222,
       230,
       264,
       280,
       307
     ],
     "two": [
       9
     ],
     "rover": [
       10
     ],
     "landing": [
       11
     ],
     "sites": [
       12
     ],
     "based": [
       13,
       31,
       311
     ],
     "on": [
       14,
       32,
       83,
       312
     ],
     "mosaicked": [
       15
     ],
     "images": [
       16
     ],
     "from": [
       17,
       148
     ],
     "the": [
       18,
       50,
       90,
       125,
       138,
       149,
       170,
       185,
       211,
       239,
       265,
       290
     ],
     "High-Resolution": [
       19,
       33
     ],
     "Imaging": [
       20
     ],
     "Science": [
       21
     ],
     "Experiment": [
       22
     ],
     "(HiRISE)": [
       23
     ],
     "camera": [
       24
     ],
     "as": [
       25,
       219
     ],
     "a": [
       26,
       100,
       197,
       220,
       278
     ],
     "reference": [
       27
     ],
     "to": [
       28,
       88,
       137,
       164
     ],
     "evaluate": [
       29
     ],
     "DTMs": [
       30,
       59,
       92,
       147,
       167
     ],
     "Stereo": [
       34,
       172
     ],
     "Camera": [
       35,
       39
     ],
     "(HRSC)": [
       36
     ],
     "and": [
       37,
       53,
       80,
       98,
       116,
       184,
       191,
       250,
       305
     ],
     "Context": [
       38
     ],
     "(CTX)": [
       40
     ],
     "images.": [
       41
     ],
     "The": [
       42
     ],
     "Next-Generation": [
       43
     ],
     "Automatic": [
       44
     ],
     "Terrain": [
       45
     ],
     "Extraction": [
       46
     ],
     "(NGATE)": [
       47
     ],
     "matcher": [
       48
     ],
     "in": [
       49,
       109,
       176,
       210,
       224,
       274
     ],
     "SOCET": [
       51
     ],
     "SET": [
       52
     ],
     "GXP\u00ae": [
       54
     ],
     "commercial": [
       55
     ],
     "photogrammetric": [
       56
     ],
     "systems": [
       57
     ],
     "produces": [
       58
     ],
     "with": [
       60,
       77,
       121,
       169
     ],
     "good": [
       61
     ],
     "(small)": [
       62
     ],
     "horizontal": [
       63
     ],
     "resolution": [
       64,
       79,
       97,
       190,
       275,
       293
     ],
     "but": [
       65,
       160,
       206
     ],
     "large": [
       66
     ],
     "vertical": [
       67
     ],
     "error.": [
       68
     ],
     "Somewhat": [
       69
     ],
     "surprisingly,": [
       70
     ],
     "results": [
       71,
       208
     ],
     "for": [
       72,
       128,
       245,
       302
     ],
     "NGATE": [
       73,
       91,
       183
     ],
     "are": [
       74,
       161,
       294
     ],
     "dependent,": [
       76
     ],
     "poorer": [
       78
     ],
     "smaller": [
       81,
       288
     ],
     "errors": [
       82,
       136,
       202
     ],
     "smoother": [
       84
     ],
     "surfaces.": [
       85
     ],
     "Multiple": [
       86
     ],
     "approaches": [
       87
     ],
     "smoothing": [
       89
     ],
     "give": [
       93
     ],
     "similar": [
       94,
       135
     ],
     "tradeoffs": [
       95
     ],
     "between": [
       96,
       182
     ],
     "error;": [
       99
     ],
     "5": [
       101,
       103,
       139,
       141
     ],
     "\u00d7": [
       102,
       140
     ],
     "lowpass": [
       104
     ],
     "filter": [
       105,
       142
     ],
     "is": [
       106
     ],
     "near": [
       107
     ],
     "optimal": [
       108
     ],
     "terms": [
       110
     ],
     "both": [
       112,
       303
     ],
     "combined": [
       113
     ],
     "resolution-error": [
       114
     ],
     "performance": [
       115
     ],
     "local": [
       117
     ],
     "slope": [
       118
     ],
     "estimation.": [
       119
     ],
     "Smoothing": [
       120
     ],
     "an": [
       122
     ],
     "area-based": [
       123
     ],
     "matcher,": [
       124
     ],
     "standard": [
       126
     ],
     "processing": [
       127,
       152
     ],
     "U.S.": [
       129
     ],
     "Geological": [
       130
     ],
     "Survey": [
       131
     ],
     "planetary": [
       132,
       308
     ],
     "DTMs,": [
       133,
       310
     ],
     "yields": [
       134
     ],
     "at": [
       143,
       179
     ],
     "slightly": [
       144
     ],
     "worse": [
       145
     ],
     "resolution.": [
       146
     ],
     "HRSC": [
       150
     ],
     "team": [
       151,
       186
     ],
     "pipeline": [
       153
     ],
     "fall": [
       154,
       175
     ],
     "within": [
       155
     ],
     "this": [
       156,
       177
     ],
     "same": [
       157
     ],
     "trade": [
       158
     ],
     "space": [
       159,
       178
     ],
     "less": [
       162
     ],
     "sensitive": [
       163
     ],
     "roughness.": [
       166
     ],
     "produced": [
       168
     ],
     "Ames": [
       171
     ],
     "Pipeline": [
       173
     ],
     "also": [
       174
     ],
     "resolutions": [
       180,
       229
     ],
     "intermediate": [
       181
     ],
     "pipeline.": [
       187
     ],
     "Considered": [
       188
     ],
     "individually,": [
       189
     ],
     "error": [
       192
     ],
     "each": [
       193
     ],
     "varied": [
       194,
       257
     ],
     "by": [
       195,
       258,
       268
     ],
     "approximately": [
       196
     ],
     "factor": [
       198,
       279
     ],
     "2.": [
       200
     ],
     "Matching": [
       201
     ],
     "were": [
       203,
       234,
       252
     ],
     "0.2\u20130.5": [
       204
     ],
     "pixels": [
       205,
       233,
       261
     ],
     "most": [
       207
     ],
     "fell": [
       209
     ],
     "0.2\u20130.3": [
       212
     ],
     "pixel": [
       213,
       241
     ],
     "range": [
       214
     ],
     "that": [
       215,
       283
     ],
     "has": [
       216
     ],
     "been": [
       217
     ],
     "stated": [
       218
     ],
     "rule": [
       221
     ],
     "thumb": [
       223
     ],
     "multiple": [
       225
     ],
     "prior": [
       226
     ],
     "studies.": [
       227
     ],
     "Horizontal": [
       228
     ],
     "10\u201320": [
       231
     ],
     "image": [
       232
     ],
     "found,": [
       235
     ],
     "consistently": [
       236
     ],
     "greater": [
       237
     ],
     "than": [
       238,
       277,
       289
     ],
     "3\u20135": [
       240
     ],
     "spacing": [
       242
     ],
     "generally": [
       243
     ],
     "stereo": [
       246,
       266,
       291,
       309
     ],
     "DTM": [
       247,
       267,
       292
     ],
     "production.": [
       248
     ],
     "Resolution": [
       249
     ],
     "precision": [
       251
     ],
     "inversely": [
       253
     ],
     "correlated;": [
       254
     ],
     "their": [
       255
     ],
     "product": [
       256
     ],
     "\u226420%": [
       259
     ],
     "(4\u20135": [
       260
     ],
     "squared).": [
       262
     ],
     "Refinement": [
       263
     ],
     "photoclinometry": [
       269
     ],
     "can": [
       270
     ],
     "yield": [
       271
     ],
     "quantitative": [
       272
     ],
     "improvement": [
       273
     ],
     "(more": [
       276
     ],
     "2),": [
       281
     ],
     "provided": [
       282
     ],
     "albedo": [
       284
     ],
     "variations": [
       285
     ],
     "over": [
       286
     ],
     "distances": [
       287
     ],
     "not": [
       295
     ],
     "too": [
       296
     ],
     "severe.": [
       297
     ],
     "offer": [
       299
     ],
     "specific": [
       300
     ],
     "guidance": [
       301
     ],
     "producers": [
       304
     ],
     "users": [
       306
     ],
     "our": [
       313
     ],
     "results.": [
       314
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": {
     "value": 2500,
     "currency": "CHF",
     "value_usd": 2707,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "apc_paid": {
     "value": 2500,
     "currency": "CHF",
     "value_usd": 2707,
     "provenance": "doaj"
   },
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5002878424",
         "display_name": "R. L. Kirk",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0842-9226"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": true,
       "raw_author_name": "Randolph L. Kirk",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061965641",
         "display_name": "D. P. Mayer",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8351-1807"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "David P. Mayer",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5023784732",
         "display_name": "R. L. Fergason",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2044-1714"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Robin L. Fergason",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5072422487",
         "display_name": "B. Redding",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8178-1467"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Bonnie L. Redding",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5031169225",
         "display_name": "D. Galuszka",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1870-1182"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Donna M. Galuszka",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5072724024",
         "display_name": "T. M. Hare",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8842-389X"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
           "display_name": "Astrogeology Science Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02623eb90",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Trent M. Hare",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Astrogeology Science Center, 2255 N. Gemini Dr., Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5004522763",
         "display_name": "K. Gwinner",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I2898391981",
           "display_name": "Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04bwf3e34",
           "country_code": "DE",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1305996414",
             "https://openalex.org/I2898391981"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "DE"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Klaus Gwinner",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR) Rutherfordstra\u00dfe 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Institute of Planetary Research, German Aerospace Center (DLR) Rutherfordstra\u00dfe 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I2898391981"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3511/pdf?version=1631012320",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
       "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
       "issn_l": "2072-4292",
       "issn": [
         "2072-4292"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
       "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "13",
     "issue": "17",
     "first_page": "3511",
     "last_page": "3511"
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.99993,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": true,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": true
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W3197033978",
   "cited_by_count": 17,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 93,
     "max": 94
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C161840515",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131",
       "display_name": "Terrain",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.68188006
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776122016",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7611221",
       "display_name": "Stereo imaging",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.66547
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C62649853",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687",
       "display_name": "Remote sensing",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.6534924
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C160633673",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198",
       "display_name": "Pixel",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6376786
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C117455697",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149",
       "display_name": "Photogrammetry",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6089936
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.59899616
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C83260615",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6773121",
       "display_name": "Mars Exploration Program",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.5494886
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781266219",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389459",
       "display_name": "Mars rover",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.5033776
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C3770464",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775963",
       "display_name": "Smoothing",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.47848362
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205372480",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521",
       "display_name": "Image resolution",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.4735058
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
       "display_name": "Computer science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.44435355
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C154945302",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660",
       "display_name": "Artificial intelligence",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.35245138
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C31972630",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240",
       "display_name": "Computer vision",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.35077468
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C13280743",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089",
       "display_name": "Geodesy",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.3493964
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.10078785
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413",
       "display_name": "Physics",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515",
       "display_name": "Cartography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C1276947",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333",
       "display_name": "Astronomy",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/A5002878424"
   ],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/I4210111045",
     "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
   ],
   "countries_distinct_count": 2,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2024,
       "cited_by_count": 4
     },
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 6
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 6
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2021-09-13",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Evaluating Stereo Digital Terrain Model Quality at Mars Rover Landing Sites with HRSC, CTX, and HiRISE Images",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511",
   "fulltext_origin": "pdf",
   "fwci": 1.934,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": true,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W3197033978",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W3197033978",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511",
     "mag": "3197033978"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref",
     "doaj"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 3,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/stereo-imaging",
       "display_name": "Stereo imaging",
       "score": 0.66547
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/rgb-d-cameras",
       "display_name": "RGB-D Cameras",
       "score": 0.53672
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-mapping",
       "display_name": "3D Mapping",
       "score": 0.509202
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mars-rover",
       "display_name": "Mars rover",
       "score": 0.5033776
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/smoothing",
       "display_name": "Smoothing",
       "score": 0.47848362
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511",
       "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3511/pdf?version=1631012320",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
         "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
         "issn_l": "2072-4292",
         "issn": [
           "2072-4292"
         ],
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": true,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
         "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": "cc-by",
       "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doaj.org/article/53d05ab49bcb4ad0bf498d3ba18887e3",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306401280",
         "display_name": "DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": null,
         "host_organization_name": null,
         "host_organization_lineage": [],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 2,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W3197033978/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "oa_status": "gold",
     "oa_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3511/pdf?version=1631012320",
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13173511",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/17/3511/pdf?version=1631012320",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S43295729",
       "display_name": "Remote Sensing",
       "issn_l": "2072-4292",
       "issn": [
         "2072-4292"
       ],
       "is_oa": true,
       "is_in_doaj": true,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310310987",
       "host_organization_name": "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310310987"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": "cc-by",
     "license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10406",
     "display_name": "Exploration and Study of Mars",
     "score": 0.9999,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103",
       "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31",
       "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2021-09-04",
   "publication_year": 2021,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1550772144",
     "https://openalex.org/W1569057565",
     "https://openalex.org/W1626197751",
     "https://openalex.org/W1674866864",
     "https://openalex.org/W1970654919",
     "https://openalex.org/W1992111796",
     "https://openalex.org/W2003498164",
     "https://openalex.org/W2008715433",
     "https://openalex.org/W2021567953",
     "https://openalex.org/W2028483491",
     "https://openalex.org/W2045323482",
     "https://openalex.org/W2053922534",
     "https://openalex.org/W2057007402",
     "https://openalex.org/W2071285068",
     "https://openalex.org/W2073001771",
     "https://openalex.org/W2076509405",
     "https://openalex.org/W2117248802",
     "https://openalex.org/W2117586409",
     "https://openalex.org/W2117925248",
     "https://openalex.org/W2120031583",
     "https://openalex.org/W2131725314",
     "https://openalex.org/W2322744842",
     "https://openalex.org/W2467935938",
     "https://openalex.org/W2474178374",
     "https://openalex.org/W2740037015",
     "https://openalex.org/W2794151468",
     "https://openalex.org/W2888945633",
     "https://openalex.org/W2892732999",
     "https://openalex.org/W2900539033",
     "https://openalex.org/W2982438096",
     "https://openalex.org/W2990363748",
     "https://openalex.org/W3000550402",
     "https://openalex.org/W3014942339",
     "https://openalex.org/W3024303841",
     "https://openalex.org/W3080325098",
     "https://openalex.org/W3081243166",
     "https://openalex.org/W3120907877",
     "https://openalex.org/W3134783574",
     "https://openalex.org/W3145933134",
     "https://openalex.org/W3176623462",
     "https://openalex.org/W3210221564",
     "https://openalex.org/W7602436"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 42,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W4312857205",
     "https://openalex.org/W2938237871",
     "https://openalex.org/W2337415362",
     "https://openalex.org/W2193981117",
     "https://openalex.org/W2185683363",
     "https://openalex.org/W2164918837",
     "https://openalex.org/W2036778696",
     "https://openalex.org/W2026847083",
     "https://openalex.org/W1604511055",
     "https://openalex.org/W121273120"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [],
   "title": "Evaluating Stereo Digital Terrain Model Quality at Mars Rover Landing Sites with HRSC, CTX, and HiRISE Images",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10406",
       "display_name": "Exploration and Study of Mars",
       "score": 0.9999,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103",
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31",
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10325",
       "display_name": "Formation and Evolution of the Solar System",
       "score": 0.9733,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103",
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31",
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10191",
       "display_name": "Simultaneous Localization and Mapping",
       "score": 0.9683,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2202",
         "display_name": "Aerospace Engineering"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
         "display_name": "Engineering"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-13T12:23:59.049971",
   "versions": []
 }

}