Item talk:Q271065
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{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "Alert optimization of the PLUM earthquake early warning algorithm for the western United States", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70230838", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70230838" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 70230838 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1785/0120210259", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1785/0120210259" } ], "journal": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America", "volumeNumber": "112", "issueNumber": "2" }, "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America" } ], "datePublished": "2022", "dateModified": "2022-04-26", "abstract": "We determine an optimal alerting configuration for the propagation of local undamped motion (PLUM) earthquake early warning (EEW) algorithm for use by the U.S. ShakeAlert system covering California, Oregon, and Washington. All EEW systems should balance the primary goal of providing timely alerts for impactful or potentially damaging shaking while limiting alerts for shaking that is too low to be of concern (precautionary alerts). The PLUM EEW algorithm forward predicts observed ground motions to nearby sites within a defined radius without accounting for attenuation, avoiding the earthquake source parameter estimation step of most EEW algorithms. PLUM was originally developed in Japan where the alert regions and ground motions for which alerts are issued differ from those implemented by ShakeAlert. We compare predicted ground motions from PLUM to ShakeMap\u2010reported ground motions for a set of 22\u00a0U.S. West Coast earthquakes of magnitude 4.4\u20137.2 and evaluate available warning times. We examine a range of prediction radii (20\u2013100\u00a0km), thresholds used to issue an alert (alert threshold), and levels of impactful or potentially damaging shaking (target threshold). We find optimal performance when the alert threshold is close to the target threshold, although higher target ground motions benefit from somewhat lower alert thresholds to ensure timely alerts. We also find that performance, measured as the cost reduction that a user can achieve, depends on the user\u2019s tolerance for precautionary alerts. Users with a low target threshold and high tolerance for precautionary alerts achieve optimal performance when larger prediction radii (60\u2013100\u00a0km) are used. In contrast, users with high target thresholds and low tolerance for precautionary alerts achieve better performance for smaller prediction radii (30\u201360\u00a0km). Therefore, setting the PLUM prediction radius to 60\u00a0km balances the needs of many users and provides warning times of up to \u223c20\u00a0s.", "description": "17 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Seismological Society of America" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "O'Rourke, Colin T", "givenName": "Colin T", "familyName": "O'Rourke", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-5403-4685", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5403-4685" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Earthquake Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/earthquake-science-center" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kilb, Debi", "givenName": "Debi", "familyName": "Kilb", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Scripps/UCSD" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Baltay, Annemarie S. abaltay@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Annemarie S.", "familyName": "Baltay", "email": "abaltay@usgs.gov", "identifier": { 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"https://www.usgs.gov/centers/earthquake-science-center" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Saunders, Jessie Kate", "givenName": "Jessie Kate", "familyName": "Saunders", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-5340-6715", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5340-6715" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Earthquake Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/earthquake-science-center" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Cochran, Elizabeth S. ecochran@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Elizabeth S.", "familyName": "Cochran", "email": "ecochran@usgs.gov", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0003-2485-4484", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Earthquake Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/earthquake-science-center" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Kodera, Yuki", "givenName": "Yuki", "familyName": "Kodera", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "JMA" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Hoshiba, Mitsuyuki", "givenName": "Mitsuyuki", "familyName": "Hoshiba", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "JMA" } ] } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Earthquake Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/earthquake-science-center" } ], "spatialCoverage": [ { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "country", "name": "United States", "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "California" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Oregon" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "Washington" }, { "@type": "Place", "geo": [ { "@type": "GeoShape", "additionalProperty": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "GeoJSON", "value": { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {}, "geometry": { "type": "Polygon", 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S. Cochran", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2485-4484" }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "display_name": "United States Geological Survey", "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863", "country_code": "US", "type": "government", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397", "https://openalex.org/I1335927249" ] } ], "countries": [ "US" ], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Elizabeth S. Cochran", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "U.S. Geological Survey, Pasadena, California, U.S.A." ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Pasadena, California, U.S.A.", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I1286329397" ] } ] }, { "author_position": "middle", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5000736648", "display_name": "J. K. 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Kodera", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Ibaraki, Japan" ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency, Ibaraki, Japan", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I2801997990" ] } ] } ], "best_oa_location": null, "biblio": { "volume": "112", "issue": "2", "first_page": "803", "last_page": "819" }, "citation_normalized_percentile": { "value": 0.99997, "is_in_top_1_percent": true, "is_in_top_10_percent": true }, "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4206075981", "cited_by_count": 9, "cited_by_percentile_year": { "min": 92, "max": 93 }, "concepts": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/C29825287", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940", "display_name": "Warning system", "level": 2, "score": 0.61843777 }, { "id": "https://openalex.org/C188198153", "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840", "display_name": 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