Item talk:Q269887
From geokb
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"name": "A framework for identifying and characterising coral reef \u201coases\u201d against a backdrop of degradation",
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"abstract": "Human activities have led to widespread ecological decline; however, the severity of degradation is spatially heterogeneous due to some locations resisting, escaping, or rebounding from disturbances.We developed a framework for identifying oases within coral reef regions using long\u2010term monitoring data. We calculated standardised estimates of coral cover (z\u2010scores) to distinguish sites that deviated positively from regional means. We also used the coefficient of variation (CV) of coral cover to quantify how oases varied temporally, and to distinguish among types of oases. We estimated \u201ccoral calcification capacity\u201d (CCC), a measure of the coral community's ability to produce calcium carbonate structures and tested for an association between this metric and\u00a0z\u2010scores of coral cover.We illustrated our\u00a0z\u2010score approach within a modelling framework by extracting\u00a0z\u2010scores and CVs from simulated data based on four generalized trajectories of coral cover. We then applied the approach to time\u2010series data from long\u2010term reef monitoring programmes in four focal regions in the Pacific (the main Hawaiian Islands and Mo'orea, French Polynesia) and western Atlantic (the Florida Keys and St. John, US Virgin Islands). Among the 123 sites analysed, 38 had positive\u00a0z\u2010scores for median coral cover and were categorised as oases.Synthesis and applications. Our framework provides ecosystem managers with a valuable tool for conservation by identifying \u201coases\u201d within degraded areas. By evaluating trajectories of change in state (e.g., coral cover) among oases, our approach may help in identifying the mechanisms responsible for spatial variability in ecosystem condition. Increased mechanistic understanding can guide whether management of a particular location should emphasise protection, mitigation or restoration. Analysis of the empirical data suggest that the majority of our coral reef oases originated by either escaping or resisting disturbances, although some sites showed a high capacity for recovery, while others were candidates for restoration. Finally, our measure of reef condition (i.e., median\u00a0z\u2010scores of coral cover) correlated positively with coral calcification capacity suggesting that our approach identified oases that are also exceptional for one critical component of ecological function.",
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