Item talk:Q268867
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"abstract": "To further refine the use of solid bitumen reflectance (BRo\u00a0in %) as a measurement of thermal maturity in source-rock reservoirs, we examined its relationship to other thermal proxies in the Bakken Formation. Comparisons included criteria from programmed temperature pyrolysis, gas chromatography (GC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Thirty-two organic-rich samples from the lower and upper shale members of the Devonian\u2013Lower Carboniferous Bakken Formation were collected from eight cores across the Williston Basin, USA, at depths (\u223c7575\u201311,330 ft) representing immature through post peak oil/early condensate thermal maturity conditions based on proximity to current hydrocarbon production. Unmodified BRo\u00a0values were correlated to programmed temperature pyrolysis parameters (hydrogen index, production index, and\u00a0Tmax), normal hydrocarbon and isoprenoid analysis of extractable organic matter (pristane/n-C17\u00a0and phytane/n-C18) from GC analysis, and peak ratios from FTIR spectroscopy (branching ratio and\u00a0A-factor). Strong correlations between unmodified BRo\u00a0values (not corrected to a vitrinite reflectance equivalent, VRe) and other thermal proxies suggest that BRo\u00a0can be used as a direct thermal proxy in marine Paleozoic source-rock reservoirs where vitrinite is rare or absent. Moreover, an apparent overestimation of VRe\u00a0at the lowest thermal maturity investigated herein may argue against the application of BRo\u00a0conversion to VRe\u00a0in the Bakken Formation. Solvent extraction caused a consistent decrease in BRo\u00a0when average post-extraction values from a given well were compared to BRo\u00a0prior to extraction, although the decrease in mean value was not statistically significant. These results are discussed in the context of advocating for the use of unmodified BRo\u00a0values as a best practice for thermal maturity determination in Paleozoic marine source-rock reservoirs.",
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