Item talk:Q268676
From geokb
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"abstract": "Unusual channel-amphitheatre\u00a0landforms\u00a0are present in Late Pleistocene\u2013early Holocene, subaqueous fan and delta deposits in the\u00a0glacial Lake\u00a0Fraser basin, central British Columbia. The lake formed during the decay of the last\u00a0Cordilleran Ice Sheet\u00a0and drained ~11,500\u202fyears ago during a large outburst flood. The fronts of a delta and two subaqueous fans consisting of silt to fine sand are marked by branching networks of wide, nearly flat channels that terminate upstream in digitate, steep-walled amphitheatres. We propose that these channel-amphitheatre landforms formed by\u00a0liquefaction\u00a0flowslides that were induced by the rapid drawdown of glacial Lake Fraser during the outburst flood. Similar geomorphic forms, which we believe also to be associated with rapid drawdowns of large Late Pleistocene\u2013early Holocene lakes, occur elsewhere in North America. A recent\u00a0tailings dam\u00a0failure and an intentional breaching of a 100-year-old hydroelectric dam provide insights into the processes responsible for the landforms. By using geomechanical analysis, we show how rapid lake drawdown can trigger liquefaction flowslides in deposits of silt to fine sand. The novelty of our approach lies in combining geomechanical reasoning with geomorphic analogues to understand histories of ancient glacier-dammed lakes and of the glacial lake outburst floods that are sourced from them.",
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