Item talk:Q267015

From geokb

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Influences of high-flow events on a stream channel altered by construction of a highway bridge: A case study",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70035482",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70035482"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70035482
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1656/045.016.n306",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1656/045.016.n306"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "ISSN",
       "value": "10926194"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Northeastern Naturalist",
     "volumeNumber": "16",
     "issueNumber": "3"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Northeastern Naturalist"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2009",
   "dateModified": "2017-05-10",
   "abstract": "Impacts of highway construction on streams in the central Appalachians are a growing concern as new roads are created to promote tourism and economic development in the area. Alterations to the streambed of a first-order stream, Sauerkraut Run, Hardy County, WV, during construction of a highway overpass included placement and removal of a temporary culvert, straightening and regrading of a section of stream channel, and armourment of a bank with a reinforced gravel berm. We surveyed longitudinal profiles and cross sections in a reference reach and the altered reach of Sauerkraut Run from 2003 through 2007 to measure physical changes in the streambed. During the four-year period, three high-flow events changed the streambed downstream of construction including channel widening and aggradation and then degradation of the streambed. Upstream of construction, at a reinforced gravel berm, bank erosion was documented. The reference section remained relatively unchanged. Knowledge gained by documenting channel changes in response to natural and anthropogenic variables can be useful for managers and engineers involved in highway construction projects.",
   "description": "20 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "Eagle Hill Institute"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Welsh, Stuart A. swelsh@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Stuart A.",
       "familyName": "Welsh",
       "email": "swelsh@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-0362-054X",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Cooperative Research Units",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/cooperative-research-units"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Anderson, James T.",
       "givenName": "James T.",
       "familyName": "Anderson",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "West Virginia University"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Hedrick, Lara B.",
       "givenName": "Lara B.",
       "familyName": "Hedrick"
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Coop Res Unit Leetown",
       "url": "https://www1.usgs.gov/coopunits/unit/Virginia"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "United States",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "state",
       "name": "West Virginia"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "state",
       "name": "Hardy County"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "unknown",
       "name": "Sauerkraut Run",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4821483"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "geo": [
         {
           "@type": "GeoShape",
           "additionalProperty": {
             "@type": "PropertyValue",
             "name": "GeoJSON",
             "value": {
               "type": "FeatureCollection",
               "features": [
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           -78.5076,
                           39.0891
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5128,
                           39.0831
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.518,
                           39.0775
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5216,
                           39.0739
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5228,
                           39.0727
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5255,
                           39.0705
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5296,
                           39.0669
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5332,
                           39.065
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.538,
                           39.0624
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5422,
                           39.0598
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5456,
                           39.0574
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.553,
                           39.0498
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5602,
                           39.0431
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5716,
                           39.0333
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5523,
                           39.0189
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5638,
                           39.0073
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5704,
                           39.002
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5808,
                           38.9913
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5856,
                           38.9854
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5899,
                           38.9787
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5935,
                           38.9732
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5971,
                           38.9692
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5995,
                           38.9669
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6007,
                           38.966
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6025,
                           38.9656
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6049,
                           38.9661
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.606,
                           38.9675
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6066,
                           38.9697
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6071,
                           38.9716
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6095,
                           38.9739
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6106,
                           38.9753
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6113,
                           38.9758
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6125,
                           38.9764
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6137,
                           38.9764
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6155,
                           38.976
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6162,
                           38.976
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6173,
                           38.976
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.619,
                           38.976
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6207,
                           38.9768
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6208,
                           38.9792
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6208,
                           38.9814
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6223,
                           38.983
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6237,
                           38.9837
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6246,
                           38.9836
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6259,
                           38.9831
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6278,
                           38.9817
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6285,
                           38.981
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6307,
                           38.9777
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6325,
                           38.975
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6357,
                           38.9711
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6381,
                           38.9689
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6405,
                           38.9677
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6417,
                           38.9672
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6422,
                           38.967
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.644,
                           38.9661
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6469,
                           38.9652
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6487,
                           38.9634
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6518,
                           38.9599
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6536,
                           38.9572
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.656,
                           38.9531
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6584,
                           38.95
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6614,
                           38.9446
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6663,
                           38.9378
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6724,
                           38.9306
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6759,
                           38.9275
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6784,
                           38.9266
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6805,
                           38.9258
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6818,
                           38.9253
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6843,
                           38.9248
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6871,
                           38.9239
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6879,
                           38.9231
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6889,
                           38.9221
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6899,
                           38.9213
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6919,
                           38.9198
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6925,
                           38.9194
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6934,
                           38.9187
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6951,
                           38.9177
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6969,
                           38.9168
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6985,
                           38.916
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.699,
                           38.9159
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7017,
                           38.9154
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7049,
                           38.9131
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7074,
                           38.9113
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7086,
                           38.9104
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7091,
                           38.9099
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7116,
                           38.9069
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7143,
                           38.9048
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7167,
                           38.9038
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7187,
                           38.9043
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.719,
                           38.9052
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.719,
                           38.9061
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7184,
                           38.9089
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7171,
                           38.9147
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7162,
                           38.9211
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7157,
                           38.9247
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7149,
                           38.9292
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7155,
                           38.9304
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7172,
                           38.9318
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7196,
                           38.9323
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7225,
                           38.9323
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7261,
                           38.9314
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7298,
                           38.9298
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7367,
                           38.9273
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7415,
                           38.9242
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7451,
                           38.9211
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7475,
                           38.9179
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7493,
                           38.9155
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7502,
                           38.9142
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7527,
                           38.9106
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7553,
                           38.908
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7568,
                           38.9065
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7577,
                           38.9058
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7604,
                           38.9034
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7634,
                           38.9021
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7676,
                           38.9007
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7711,
                           38.899
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7739,
                           38.8975
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7767,
                           38.8959
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7799,
                           38.8935
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7813,
                           38.8923
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7874,
                           38.886
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7916,
                           38.8806
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7964,
                           38.8752
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8,
                           38.8698
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8033,
                           38.8653
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8042,
                           38.8639
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8079,
                           38.8558
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.811,
                           38.8477
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8175,
                           38.8372
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8232,
                           38.8269
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8268,
                           38.8215
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.828,
                           38.8198
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8337,
                           38.8138
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8394,
                           38.8067
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8443,
                           38.7999
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8482,
                           38.7944
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8496,
                           38.7923
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8545,
                           38.7855
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8563,
                           38.7829
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8593,
                           38.778
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8624,
                           38.7695
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.866,
                           38.7631
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8808,
                           38.7733
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9484,
                           38.8196
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9947,
                           38.8511
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9976,
                           38.8489
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9989,
                           38.8462
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9989,
                           38.8449
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9988,
                           38.8444
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9978,
                           38.8432
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9973,
                           38.8425
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9972,
                           38.8398
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.999,
                           38.8376
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9998,
                           38.8367
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0014,
                           38.8349
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0033,
                           38.8321
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0039,
                           38.8304
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0045,
                           38.829
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0051,
                           38.8267
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0063,
                           38.8245
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0087,
                           38.8227
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0107,
                           38.8218
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0135,
                           38.821
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0171,
                           38.8192
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0194,
                           38.8169
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0202,
                           38.8161
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0214,
                           38.8146
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0227,
                           38.8127
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.023,
                           38.8119
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0237,
                           38.8087
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0237,
                           38.806
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0237,
                           38.8028
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0244,
                           38.797
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0262,
                           38.7938
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.028,
                           38.792
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.031,
                           38.7916
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0333,
                           38.792
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0375,
                           38.7925
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.038,
                           38.7925
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0434,
                           38.7925
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0511,
                           38.7902
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0529,
                           38.7889
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.054,
                           38.7877
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0547,
                           38.7868
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0547,
                           38.7845
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0542,
                           38.7821
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.053,
                           38.779
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0524,
                           38.7768
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.053,
                           38.7739
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0543,
                           38.7691
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0561,
                           38.7655
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0577,
                           38.7626
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0584,
                           38.7614
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1059,
                           38.7939
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1323,
                           38.8118
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1245,
                           38.8208
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1196,
                           38.8303
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1155,
                           38.8348
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1101,
                           38.8416
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.1017,
                           38.8501
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0921,
                           38.86
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0825,
                           38.8699
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0825,
                           38.8758
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0835,
                           38.8835
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0846,
                           38.8894
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0846,
                           38.8935
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0774,
                           38.8971
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0691,
                           38.9029
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0547,
                           38.9187
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0469,
                           38.9268
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0492,
                           38.9363
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0838,
                           38.9996
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0814,
                           39.0054
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0813,
                           39.0131
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0788,
                           39.0258
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0875,
                           39.039
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.088,
                           39.044
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0838,
                           39.0494
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0778,
                           39.0571
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0741,
                           39.0679
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0788,
                           39.0721
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.077,
                           39.0743
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0699,
                           39.0747
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0639,
                           39.0792
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0649,
                           39.0887
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.062,
                           39.0905
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.053,
                           39.0959
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0506,
                           39.0986
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0553,
                           39.1045
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0487,
                           39.1099
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0373,
                           39.1193
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0377,
                           39.132
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0299,
                           39.141
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0346,
                           39.146
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0363,
                           39.1506
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.035,
                           39.1524
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0273,
                           39.1582
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0187,
                           39.1772
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0102,
                           39.1871
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0048,
                           39.1943
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9994,
                           39.1979
                         ],
                         [
                           -79.0029,
                           39.2038
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9963,
                           39.211
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9932,
                           39.2196
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9883,
                           39.2264
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9852,
                           39.2363
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9846,
                           39.2408
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9657,
                           39.2321
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9232,
                           39.2113
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.9014,
                           39.2002
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8949,
                           39.2002
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8665,
                           39.1918
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.8222,
                           39.1796
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7761,
                           39.1642
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7555,
                           39.1576
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7437,
                           39.1543
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7337,
                           39.1511
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.7088,
                           39.1494
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6933,
                           39.1488
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6839,
                           39.1456
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6763,
                           39.1414
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6745,
                           39.1414
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6669,
                           39.1349
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6669,
                           39.1318
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6581,
                           39.1281
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6462,
                           39.1288
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6379,
                           39.1287
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6221,
                           39.1213
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.6027,
                           39.1429
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5909,
                           39.1391
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5779,
                           39.1358
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5655,
                           39.1334
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5602,
                           39.1306
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.555,
                           39.1251
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5497,
                           39.1209
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.545,
                           39.1177
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5403,
                           39.1149
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5375,
                           39.1104
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5281,
                           39.1066
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5205,
                           39.1002
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5123,
                           39.0942
                         ],
                         [
                           -78.5076,
                           39.0891
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   },
                   "properties": {
                     "name": "Hardy",
                     "state": "WV"
                   }
                 }
               ]
             }
           }
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 39.00855154295722,
           "longitude": -78.85767712278079
         }
       ]
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "_id": "https://openalex.org/w2025213308",
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Impacts": [
       0
     ],
     "of": [
       1,
       32,
       43,
       51,
       58,
       61,
       66,
       89,
       114,
       124,
       128
     ],
     "highway": [
       2,
       45,
       167
     ],
     "construction": [
       3,
       42,
       115,
       168
     ],
     "on": [
       4
     ],
     "streams": [
       5
     ],
     "in": [
       6,
       25,
       81,
       100,
       151,
       166
     ],
     "the": [
       7,
       26,
       30,
       86,
       101,
       104,
       111,
       125
     ],
     "central": [
       8
     ],
     "Appalachians": [
       9
     ],
     "are": [
       10,
       17
     ],
     "a": [
       11,
       33,
       44,
       52,
       59,
       67,
       70,
       82,
       131
     ],
     "growing": [
       12
     ],
     "concern": [
       13
     ],
     "as": [
       14
     ],
     "new": [
       15
     ],
     "roads": [
       16
     ],
     "created": [
       18
     ],
     "to": [
       19,
       29,
       96,
       153
     ],
     "promote": [
       20
     ],
     "tourism": [
       21
     ],
     "and": [
       22,
       49,
       56,
       64,
       78,
       85,
       119,
       121,
       155,
       163
     ],
     "economic": [
       23
     ],
     "development": [
       24
     ],
     "area.": [
       27
     ],
     "Alterations": [
       28
     ],
     "streambed": [
       31,
       112
     ],
     "first-order": [
       34
     ],
     "stream,": [
       35
     ],
     "Sauerkraut": [
       36,
       90
     ],
     "Run,": [
       37
     ],
     "Hardy": [
       38
     ],
     "County,": [
       39
     ],
     "WV,": [
       40
     ],
     "during": [
       41
     ],
     "overpass": [
       46
     ],
     "included": [
       47
     ],
     "placement": [
       48
     ],
     "removal": [
       50
     ],
     "temporary": [
       53
     ],
     "culvert,": [
       54
     ],
     "straightening": [
       55
     ],
     "regrading": [
       57
     ],
     "section": [
       60,
       141
     ],
     "stream": [
       62
     ],
     "channel,": [
       63
     ],
     "armourment": [
       65
     ],
     "bank": [
       68,
       135
     ],
     "with": [
       69
     ],
     "reinforced": [
       71,
       132
     ],
     "gravel": [
       72,
       133
     ],
     "berm.": [
       73
     ],
     "We": [
       74
     ],
     "surveyed": [
       75
     ],
     "longitudinal": [
       76
     ],
     "profiles": [
       77
     ],
     "cross": [
       79
     ],
     "sections": [
       80
     ],
     "reference": [
       83,
       140
     ],
     "reach": [
       84,
       88
     ],
     "altered": [
       87
     ],
     "Run": [
       91
     ],
     "from": [
       92
     ],
     "2003": [
       93
     ],
     "through": [
       94
     ],
     "2007": [
       95
     ],
     "measure": [
       97
     ],
     "physical": [
       98
     ],
     "changes": [
       99,
       150
     ],
     "streambed.": [
       102,
       126
     ],
     "During": [
       103
     ],
     "four-year": [
       105
     ],
     "period,": [
       106
     ],
     "three": [
       107
     ],
     "high-flow": [
       108
     ],
     "events": [
       109
     ],
     "changed": [
       110
     ],
     "downstream": [
       113
     ],
     "including": [
       116
     ],
     "channel": [
       117,
       149
     ],
     "widening": [
       118
     ],
     "aggradation": [
       120
     ],
     "then": [
       122
     ],
     "degradation": [
       123
     ],
     "Upstream": [
       127
     ],
     "construction,": [
       129
     ],
     "at": [
       130
     ],
     "berm,": [
       134
     ],
     "erosion": [
       136
     ],
     "was": [
       137
     ],
     "documented.": [
       138
     ],
     "The": [
       139
     ],
     "remained": [
       142
     ],
     "relatively": [
       143
     ],
     "unchanged.": [
       144
     ],
     "Knowledge": [
       145
     ],
     "gained": [
       146
     ],
     "by": [
       147
     ],
     "documenting": [
       148
     ],
     "response": [
       152
     ],
     "natural": [
       154
     ],
     "anthropogenic": [
       156
     ],
     "variables": [
       157
     ],
     "can": [
       158
     ],
     "be": [
       159
     ],
     "useful": [
       160
     ],
     "for": [
       161
     ],
     "managers": [
       162
     ],
     "engineers": [
       164
     ],
     "involved": [
       165
     ],
     "projects.": [
       169
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5036790589",
         "display_name": "Lara B. Hedrick",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I12097938",
           "display_name": "West Virginia University",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/011vxgd24",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Lara B. Hedrick",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, West Virginia University, PO Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506."
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, West Virginia University, PO Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506.",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5034208835",
         "display_name": "Stuart A. Welsh",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0362-054X"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I12097938",
           "display_name": "West Virginia University",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/011vxgd24",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Stuart A. Welsh",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "US Geological Survey, West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, West Virginia University, Post Office Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506."
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "US Geological Survey, West Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, West Virginia University, Post Office Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506.",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5023146702",
         "display_name": "James T. Anderson",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9907-3466"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I12097938",
           "display_name": "West Virginia University",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/011vxgd24",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "James T. Anderson",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "WeSt Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, Post Office Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506."
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "WeSt Virginia University, Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, Post Office Box 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506.",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I12097938"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": null,
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "16",
     "issue": "3",
     "first_page": "375",
     "last_page": "394"
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.709013,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2025213308",
   "cited_by_count": 7,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 82,
     "max": 83
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C123700513",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4168092",
       "display_name": "Culvert",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.9171065
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C158048082",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81957",
       "display_name": "Berm",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.89871526
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127162648",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953",
       "display_name": "Channel (broadcasting)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6724645
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C76886044",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300",
       "display_name": "Hydrology (agriculture)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6227482
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C42090638",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048907",
       "display_name": "STREAMS",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.59598637
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C142614818",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557791",
       "display_name": "Aggradation",
       "level": 4,
       "score": 0.5566653
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C64584415",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4856007",
       "display_name": "Bank erosion",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.5503475
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.5333735
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C123157820",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80026",
       "display_name": "Erosion",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.47994974
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C100776233",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492",
       "display_name": "Bridge (graph theory)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.44671157
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C146278227",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2897058",
       "display_name": "Bank",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.44085288
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2779099003",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5398938",
       "display_name": "Stream restoration",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.4349258
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2780129039",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931107",
       "display_name": "Section (typography)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.42322683
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.3733161
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C187320778",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
       "display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.27438724
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.24067563
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023",
       "display_name": "Engineering",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.22356108
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C144133560",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453",
       "display_name": "Business",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.14095426
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
       "display_name": "Computer science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.10145146
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C112959462",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434465",
       "display_name": "Fluvial",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.07674992
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C114793014",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109",
       "display_name": "Geomorphology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.076655895
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190",
       "display_name": "Medicine",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C31258907",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371",
       "display_name": "Computer network",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C119599485",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035",
       "display_name": "Electrical engineering",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C58640448",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515",
       "display_name": "Cartography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C109007969",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565",
       "display_name": "Structural basin",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C126322002",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180",
       "display_name": "Internal medicine",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C112698675",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038",
       "display_name": "Advertising",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [],
   "countries_distinct_count": 1,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2019,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2014,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2013,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2016-06-24",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Influences of High-Flow Events on a Stream Channel Altered by Construction of a Highway Bridge: A Case Study",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1656/045.016.n306",
   "fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
   "fwci": 0.288,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": true,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W2025213308",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2025213308",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1656/045.016.n306",
     "mag": "2025213308"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 1,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/culvert",
       "display_name": "Culvert",
       "score": 0.9171065
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/berm",
       "display_name": "Berm",
       "score": 0.89871526
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/aggradation",
       "display_name": "Aggradation",
       "score": 0.5566653
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bank-erosion",
       "display_name": "Bank erosion",
       "score": 0.5503475
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-change",
       "display_name": "land-use change",
       "score": 0.507355
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge",
       "display_name": "Bridge (graph theory)",
       "score": 0.44671157
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bank",
       "display_name": "Bank",
       "score": 0.44085288
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/stream-restoration",
       "display_name": "Stream restoration",
       "score": 0.4349258
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/section",
       "display_name": "Section (typography)",
       "score": 0.42322683
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1656/045.016.n306",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S144804090",
         "display_name": "Northeastern Naturalist",
         "issn_l": "1092-6194",
         "issn": [
           "1092-6194",
           "1938-5307"
         ],
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4362724897",
         "host_organization_name": "Eagle Hill Institute",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4362724897"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Eagle Hill Institute"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 1,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2025213308/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "oa_status": "closed",
     "oa_url": null,
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1656/045.016.n306",
     "pdf_url": null,
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S144804090",
       "display_name": "Northeastern Naturalist",
       "issn_l": "1092-6194",
       "issn": [
         "1092-6194",
         "1938-5307"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4362724897",
       "host_organization_name": "Eagle Hill Institute",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4362724897"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Eagle Hill Institute"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": null,
     "is_accepted": false,
     "is_published": false
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10577",
     "display_name": "Ecological Dynamics of Riverine Landscapes",
     "score": 0.9998,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
       "display_name": "Ecology"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
       "display_name": "Environmental Science"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2009-09-01",
   "publication_year": 2009,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1518120977",
     "https://openalex.org/W1592206480",
     "https://openalex.org/W193114975",
     "https://openalex.org/W1967670406",
     "https://openalex.org/W1973140783",
     "https://openalex.org/W1976619824",
     "https://openalex.org/W1982179144",
     "https://openalex.org/W1982798911",
     "https://openalex.org/W1985334203",
     "https://openalex.org/W1985552270",
     "https://openalex.org/W1998966328",
     "https://openalex.org/W2002159162",
     "https://openalex.org/W2005324769",
     "https://openalex.org/W2019487861",
     "https://openalex.org/W2021161011",
     "https://openalex.org/W2029825888",
     "https://openalex.org/W2035721964",
     "https://openalex.org/W2038255000",
     "https://openalex.org/W2045180823",
     "https://openalex.org/W2046640686",
     "https://openalex.org/W2047271906",
     "https://openalex.org/W2048859734",
     "https://openalex.org/W2050690486",
     "https://openalex.org/W2053848704",
     "https://openalex.org/W2062064813",
     "https://openalex.org/W2063378992",
     "https://openalex.org/W2072883440",
     "https://openalex.org/W2074467724",
     "https://openalex.org/W2085263178",
     "https://openalex.org/W2128671884",
     "https://openalex.org/W2134305341",
     "https://openalex.org/W2139159290",
     "https://openalex.org/W2143725421",
     "https://openalex.org/W2148500316",
     "https://openalex.org/W2149716464",
     "https://openalex.org/W2150961590",
     "https://openalex.org/W2151445090",
     "https://openalex.org/W2167998848",
     "https://openalex.org/W2971290557",
     "https://openalex.org/W3095724954",
     "https://openalex.org/W4211037358",
     "https://openalex.org/W4242001532",
     "https://openalex.org/W4247613332",
     "https://openalex.org/W4254645248",
     "https://openalex.org/W580392308"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 45,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W62427373",
     "https://openalex.org/W4296921925",
     "https://openalex.org/W3027265220",
     "https://openalex.org/W2950989607",
     "https://openalex.org/W2795977863",
     "https://openalex.org/W267920659",
     "https://openalex.org/W2508897623",
     "https://openalex.org/W2325589235",
     "https://openalex.org/W2153995082",
     "https://openalex.org/W2142421034"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8",
       "display_name": "Decent work and economic growth",
       "score": 0.5
     }
   ],
   "title": "Influences of High-Flow Events on a Stream Channel Altered by Construction of a Highway Bridge: A Case Study",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10577",
       "display_name": "Ecological Dynamics of Riverine Landscapes",
       "score": 0.9998,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
         "display_name": "Ecology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10889",
       "display_name": "Soil Erosion and Agricultural Sustainability",
       "score": 0.9933,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1111",
         "display_name": "Soil Science"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/11",
         "display_name": "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
         "display_name": "Life Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12773",
       "display_name": "Water Quality and Hydrogeology Research",
       "score": 0.991,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2312",
         "display_name": "Water Science and Technology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-15T06:05:32.145706",
   "versions": []
 }

}