Item talk:Q264441
From geokb
{
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"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Volcanic hail detected with GPS: The 2011 eruption of Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn Volcano, Iceland",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70219471",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70219471"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70219471
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1029/2018GL080317",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL080317"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Geophysical Research Letters",
"volumeNumber": "45",
"issueNumber": "22"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Geophysical Research Letters"
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],
"datePublished": "2018",
"dateModified": "2021-04-08",
"abstract": "Volcanic plumes are challenging to detect and characterize rapidly, but insights into processes such as hail formation or ash aggregation are valuable to hazard forecasts during volcanic crises. Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS, which includes GPS) signals traveling from satellites to ground receivers can be disturbed by volcanic plumes. To date, two effects aiding plume detection from GNSS observations have been described: (a) ash\u2010rich plumes scatter the signal, lowering the signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio (SNR), and (b) some plumes refract and thus delay GNSS signals. Using GNSS data from the VEI 4 2011 Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn eruption, we show that tephra and water contents of plumes distinctly affect SNR and phase residuals. The signals suggest high\u2010altitude freezing of plume water into volcanic hail\u2014corroborated by 1\u2010D modeling and volcanic hail deposits. Combining GNSS SNR and phase residual analyses is valuable for detecting processes that rapidly scrub fine ash out of the atmosphere.",
"description": "8 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "American Geophysical Union"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Grapenthin, Ronni",
"givenName": "Ronni",
"familyName": "Grapenthin",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "New Mexico Tech"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Hreinsdottir, Sigrun",
"givenName": "Sigrun",
"familyName": "Hreinsdottir",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "GNS Science, New Zealand"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Van Eaton, Alexa R. avaneaton@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Alexa R.",
"familyName": "Van Eaton",
"email": "avaneaton@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0001-6646-4594",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6646-4594"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Volcano Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/volcano-science-center"
}
]
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Volcano Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/volcano-science-center"
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "Iceland",
"url": "https://geonames.org/5358873"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "unknown",
"name": "Gr\u00edmsv\u00f6tn Volcano"
},
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