Item talk:Q260358

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Quantitative microbial risk assessment for spray irrigation of dairy manure based on an empirical fate and transport model",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70190280",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70190280"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70190280
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1289/EHP283",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP283"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Environmental Health Perspectives",
     "volumeNumber": "125",
     "issueNumber": "8"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Environmental Health Perspectives"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2017",
   "dateModified": "2017-09-11",
   "abstract": "BACKGROUND: Spray irrigation for land-applying livestock manure is increasing in the United States as farms become larger and economies of scale make manure irrigation a\ufb00ordable. Human health risks from exposure to zoonotic pathogens aerosolized during manure irrigation are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to a) estimate human health risks due to aerosolized zoonotic pathogens downwind of spray-irrigated dairy manure; and b) determine which factors (e.g., distance, weather conditions) have the greatest in\ufb02uence on risk estimates. METHODS: We sampled downwind air concentrations of manure-borne fecal indicators and zoonotic pathogens during 21 full-scale dairy manure irri- gation events at three farms. We \ufb01t these data to hierarchical empirical models and used model outputs in a quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) to estimate risk [probability of acute gastrointestinal illness (AGI)] for individuals exposed to spray-irrigated dairy manure containing Campylobacter jejuni, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), or Salmonella spp. RESULTS: Median risk estimates from Monte Carlo simulations ranged from 10\u22125 to 10\u22122 and decreased with distance from the source. Risk estimates for Salmonella or EHEC-related AGI were most sensitive to the assumed level of pathogen prevalence in dairy manure, while risk estimates for C. jejuni were not sensitive to any single variable. Airborne microbe concentrations were negatively associated with distance and positively associated with wind speed, both of which were retained in models as a signi\ufb01cant predictor more often than relative humidity, solar irradiation, or temperature. CONCLUSIONS: Our model-based estimates suggest that reducing pathogen prevalence and concentration in source manure would reduce the risk of AGI from exposure to manure irrigation, and that increasing the distance from irrigated manure (i.e., setbacks) and limiting irrigation to times of low wind speed may also reduce risk.",
   "description": "Article 087009; 11 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Burch, Tucker R.",
       "givenName": "Tucker R.",
       "familyName": "Burch"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Spencer, Susan K.",
       "givenName": "Susan K.",
       "familyName": "Spencer"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Kieke, Burney A",
       "givenName": "Burney A",
       "familyName": "Kieke"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Rule, Ana M",
       "givenName": "Ana M",
       "familyName": "Rule"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Borchardt, Mark A.",
       "givenName": "Mark A.",
       "familyName": "Borchardt",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-6471-2627",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-2627"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Aiken, SC"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Larson, Rebecca A",
       "givenName": "Rebecca A",
       "familyName": "Larson"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Firnstahl, Aaron afirnstahl@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Aaron",
       "familyName": "Firnstahl",
       "email": "afirnstahl@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-2686-7596",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2686-7596"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Wisconsin Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Upper Midwest Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Stokdyk, Joel P. jstokdyk@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Joel P.",
       "familyName": "Stokdyk",
       "email": "jstokdyk@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-2887-6277",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2887-6277"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Wisconsin Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Upper Midwest Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Wisconsin Water Science Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "United States",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
     }
   ]
 }

}