Item talk:Q258775
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Geologic sources and well integrity impact methane emissions from orphaned and abandoned oil and gas wells",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70250810",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70250810"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70250810
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Science of the Total Environment",
"volumeNumber": "912",
"issueNumber": null
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Science of the Total Environment"
}
],
"datePublished": "2024",
"dateModified": "2024-01-08",
"abstract": "The 160-year history of oil and gas drilling in the United States has left a legacy of unplugged orphaned and abandoned wells, some of which are leaking methane and other hazardous chemicals into the environment. The locations of around 120,000 documented orphaned wells are currently known with the number of undocumented orphaned wells possibly ranging towards a million. The bulk of methane emissions originate from only 10\u00a0% of orphaned and abandoned wells, while the remaining wells have undetectable emissions. Understanding the sources of methane emissions from orphaned wells is key to estimating emission rates and prioritizing plugging. In this article, we identify key studies reporting methane emission measurements from orphaned and abandoned wells in the published literature and analyze previously published isotopic methane data to categorize the sources of methane emissions. Three primary geologic sources provide methane to a leaking well that can migrate from geologic formations into or along the wellbore to contaminate groundwater, the surface environment, and the atmosphere. These geologic sources of methane are petroleum (oil and gas) sourced reservoirs,\u00a0coal seams, and\u00a0methanogenesis\u00a0occurring in and around the wellbore. Thermogenic petroleum gas reservoirs are associated with the highest emission rates measured to date. The next highest rates are from\u00a0coalbed methane\u00a0sources, while biogenic sources are the lowest based on the publicly available measured emissions data. Well conditions that could potentially enable methane transport include decay of the\u00a0wellhead\u00a0and surface infrastructure, wellbore deterioration from corrosive fluids in the subsurface,\u00a0delamination\u00a0of the casing and cement, damage from\u00a0seismicity, and new\u00a0fracture networks\u00a0created by hydraulic fracturing of newly drilled neighboring wells. With an understanding of these geologic sources and well conditions, we can (1) better identify areas where high-emitting wells are likely to be present, (2) improve emission rate estimates from orphaned and abandoned wells, and (3) better prioritize wells for plugging.",
"description": "169584, 12 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Elsevier"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Gianoutsos, Nicholas J. ngianoutsos@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Nicholas J.",
"familyName": "Gianoutsos",
"email": "ngianoutsos@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-6510-6549",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6549"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Eastern Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/geology-energy-and-minerals-science-center"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Central Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/central-energy-resources-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Haase, Karl B.",
"givenName": "Karl B.",
"familyName": "Haase",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-6897-6494",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-6494"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "WMA - Earth System Processes Division",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Research Program - Eastern Branch",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Birdwell, Justin E. jbirdwell@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Justin E.",
"familyName": "Birdwell",
"email": "jbirdwell@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0001-8263-1452",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Southwest Climate Science Center",
"url": null
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Central Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/central-energy-resources-science-center"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Energy Resources Program",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/energy-resources-program"
}
]
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Central Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/central-energy-resources-science-center"
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "Canada",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4269037"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United States",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"geo": [
{
"@type": "GeoShape",
"additionalProperty": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"name": "GeoJSON",
"value": {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {},
"geometry": {
"coordinates": [
[
[
-139.94431292840162,
54.37807159396496
],
[
-139.94431292840162,
27.394523308971372
],
[
-73.88969770976064,
27.394523308971372
],
[
-73.88969770976064,
54.37807159396496
],
[
-139.94431292840162,
54.37807159396496
]
]
],
"type": "Polygon"
}
}
]
}
}
},
{
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": 40.88629745146817,
"longitude": -106.91700531908111
}
]
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"_id": "https://openalex.org/w4390186875",
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"The": [
0,
35,
58,
198
],
"160-year": [
1
],
"history": [
2
],
"of": [
3,
16,
23,
37,
49,
60,
68,
83,
129,
165,
231,
246,
262,
270,
312
],
"oil": [
4
],
"and": [
5,
19,
28,
70,
95,
111,
118,
159,
170,
176,
180,
234,
249,
254,
274,
298,
301,
317,
320,
333
],
"gas": [
6,
186
],
"drilling": [
7
],
"in": [
8,
114,
179,
242,
335
],
"the": [
9,
33,
47,
74,
81,
115,
127,
151,
156,
160,
182,
191,
211,
215,
232,
243,
247,
309
],
"United": [
10
],
"States": [
11
],
"has": [
12
],
"left": [
13
],
"a": [
14,
56,
139
],
"legacy": [
15
],
"unplugged": [
17
],
"orphaned": [
18,
41,
51,
69,
87,
110,
297,
316
],
"abandoned": [
20,
71,
112,
299,
318
],
"wells,": [
21,
72,
300
],
"some": [
22
],
"which": [
24,
337
],
"are": [
25,
43,
167,
188,
202,
210,
286
],
"leaking": [
26,
140
],
"methane": [
27,
61,
84,
106,
123,
130,
137,
166,
205,
227,
313,
326
],
"other": [
29
],
"hazardous": [
30
],
"chemicals": [
31
],
"into": [
32,
148
],
"environment.": [
34
],
"locations": [
36
],
"around": [
38,
181
],
"120,000": [
39
],
"documented": [
40
],
"wells": [
42,
52,
76,
88,
113,
285,
305,
319,
338
],
"currently": [
44
],
"known": [
45
],
"with": [
46,
190
],
"number": [
48
],
"undocumented": [
50
],
"possibly": [
53
],
"ranging": [
54
],
"towards": [
55
],
"million.": [
57
],
"bulk": [
59
],
"emissions": [
62,
85,
219,
314,
331
],
"originate": [
63
],
"from": [
64,
86,
109,
145,
203,
239,
252,
296,
315
],
"only": [
65
],
"10": [
66
],
"%": [
67
],
"while": [
73,
207
],
"remaining": [
75
],
"have": [
77
],
"undetectable": [
78
],
"emissions.": [
79,
131
],
"Understanding": [
80,
308
],
"sources": [
82,
128,
135,
164,
209,
273,
311
],
"is": [
89
],
"key": [
90,
103
],
"to": [
91,
125,
138,
153,
196,
288,
325,
339
],
"estimating": [
92
],
"emission": [
93,
107,
193,
293
],
"rates": [
94,
194,
201
],
"prioritizing": [
96,
336
],
"plugging.": [
97,
307
],
"In": [
98
],
"this": [
99
],
"article,": [
100
],
"we": [
101,
277
],
"identify": [
102,
281
],
"studies": [
104
],
"reporting": [
105
],
"measurements": [
108
],
"published": [
116,
121
],
"literature": [
117
],
"analyze": [
119
],
"previously": [
120
],
"isotopic": [
122
],
"data": [
124
],
"categorize": [
126
],
"Three": [
132
],
"primary": [
133
],
"geologic": [
134,
146,
163,
272,
310
],
"provide": [
136
],
"well": [
141,
275
],
"that": [
142,
223,
323
],
"can": [
143,
278,
328
],
"migrate": [
144
],
"formations": [
147
],
"or": [
149
],
"along": [
150
],
"wellbore": [
152,
237,
321
],
"contaminate": [
154
],
"groundwater,": [
155
],
"surface": [
157,
235
],
"environment,": [
158
],
"atmosphere.": [
161
],
"These": [
162
],
"petroleum": [
168,
185
],
"(oil": [
169
],
"gas)": [
171
],
"sourced": [
172
],
"reservoirs,": [
173
],
"coal": [
174
],
"seams,": [
175
],
"methanogenesis": [
177
],
"occurring": [
178
],
"wellbore.": [
183
],
"Thermogenic": [
184
],
"reservoirs": [
187
],
"associated": [
189
],
"highest": [
192,
200
],
"measured": [
195,
218
],
"date.": [
197
],
"next": [
199
],
"coalbed": [
204
],
"sources,": [
206
],
"biogenic": [
208
],
"lowest": [
212
],
"based": [
213
],
"on": [
214
],
"publicly": [
216
],
"available": [
217
],
"data.": [
220
],
"Well": [
221
],
"conditions": [
222,
322
],
"could": [
224
],
"potentially": [
225
],
"enable": [
226
],
"transport": [
228
],
"include": [
229
],
"decay": [
230
],
"wellhead": [
233
],
"infrastructure,": [
236
],
"deterioration": [
238
],
"corrosive": [
240
],
"fluids": [
241
],
"subsurface,": [
244
],
"delamination": [
245
],
"casing": [
248
],
"cement,": [
250
],
"damage": [
251
],
"seismicity,": [
253
],
"new": [
255
],
"fracture": [
256
],
"networks": [
257
],
"created": [
258
],
"by": [
259
],
"hydraulic": [
260
],
"fracturing": [
261
],
"newly": [
263
],
"drilled": [
264
],
"neighboring": [
265
],
"wells.": [
266
],
"With": [
267
],
"an": [
268
],
"understanding": [
269
],
"these": [
271
],
"conditions,": [
276
],
"(1)": [
279
],
"better": [
280,
303
],
"areas": [
282
],
"where": [
283
],
"high-emitting": [
284
],
"likely": [
287
],
"be": [
289
],
"present,": [
290
],
"(2)": [
291
],
"improve": [
292,
330
],
"rate": [
294
],
"estimates": [
295,
332
],
"(3)": [
302
],
"prioritize": [
304
],
"for": [
306
],
"lead": [
324
],
"release": [
327
],
"significantly": [
329
],
"aid": [
334
],
"plug.": [
340
]
},
"apc_list": {
"value": 3870,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3870,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"apc_paid": {
"value": 3870,
"currency": "USD",
"value_usd": 3870,
"provenance": "doaj"
},
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5027442443",
"display_name": "Nicholas J. Gianoutsos",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-6549"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": true,
"raw_author_name": "Nicholas J. Gianoutsos",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5052072678",
"display_name": "K. Haase",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-6494"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Karl B. Haase",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Mission Area, Reston, VA, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Mission Area, Reston, VA, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5087769249",
"display_name": "Justin E. Birdwell",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8263-1452"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Justin E. Birdwell",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Central Energy Resources Science Center, Denver, CO, United States of America",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
}
],
"best_oa_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S86852077",
"display_name": "The Science of The Total Environment",
"issn_l": "0048-9697",
"issn": [
"0048-9697",
"1879-1026"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
},
"biblio": {
"volume": "912",
"issue": null,
"first_page": "169584",
"last_page": "169584"
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.999886,
"is_in_top_1_percent": true,
"is_in_top_10_percent": true
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4390186875",
"cited_by_count": 2,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 95,
"max": 97
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C516920438",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37129",
"display_name": "Methane",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.8320776
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2780424376",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981274",
"display_name": "Wellhead",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.7101146
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C47737302",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336",
"display_name": "Greenhouse gas",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.58209205
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
"display_name": "Environmental science",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5780772
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C68189081",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12748",
"display_name": "Fossil fuel",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5112984
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
"display_name": "Geology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.5096333
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776469828",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955546",
"display_name": "Coalbed methane",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.4895054
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C59427239",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858",
"display_name": "Natural gas",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48447394
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2778589620",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22275999",
"display_name": "Methanogenesis",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.47767386
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C118416809",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43483",
"display_name": "Water well",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4731532
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C188818383",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5507281",
"display_name": "Fugitive emissions",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.45534667
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C548895740",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22656",
"display_name": "Petroleum",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45434093
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C30399818",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5048830",
"display_name": "Casing",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.44354275
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76177295",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598",
"display_name": "Groundwater",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.36863053
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C16674752",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1370637",
"display_name": "Mining engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35196686
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C78762247",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273174",
"display_name": "Petroleum engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.33666727
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C518851703",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24489",
"display_name": "Coal",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.31282145
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C108615695",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12880211",
"display_name": "Coal mining",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.31218895
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C548081761",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388",
"display_name": "Waste management",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.20117322
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187320778",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
"display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.13377342
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127413603",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023",
"display_name": "Engineering",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.08308545
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205",
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C111368507",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518",
"display_name": "Oceanography",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
"display_name": "Biology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/A5027442443"
],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
],
"countries_distinct_count": 1,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 2
}
],
"created_date": "2023-12-26",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Geologic sources and well integrity impact methane emissions from orphaned and abandoned oil and gas wells",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"fwci": 4.757,
"grants": [],
"has_fulltext": false,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W4390186875",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4390186875",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38151133"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref",
"pubmed"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 1,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/wellhead",
"display_name": "Wellhead",
"score": 0.7101146
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/coalbed-methane",
"display_name": "Coalbed methane",
"score": 0.4895054
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/emissions",
"display_name": "Emissions",
"score": 0.475452
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/water-well",
"display_name": "Water well",
"score": 0.4731532
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/fugitive-emissions",
"display_name": "Fugitive emissions",
"score": 0.45534667
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S86852077",
"display_name": "The Science of The Total Environment",
"issn_l": "0048-9697",
"issn": [
"0048-9697",
"1879-1026"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
},
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38151133",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"display_name": "PubMed",
"issn_l": null,
"issn": null,
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": false,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238",
"host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1299303238"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"National Institutes of Health"
],
"type": "repository"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 2,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W4390186875/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": true,
"oa_status": "hybrid",
"oa_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": true,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169584",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S86852077",
"display_name": "The Science of The Total Environment",
"issn_l": "0048-9697",
"issn": [
"0048-9697",
"1879-1026"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320990",
"host_organization_name": "Elsevier BV",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320990"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Elsevier BV"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": "cc-by",
"license_id": "https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by",
"version": "publishedVersion",
"is_accepted": true,
"is_published": true
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11588",
"display_name": "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts",
"score": 0.9999,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306",
"display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2024-02-01",
"publication_year": 2024,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W1494691501",
"https://openalex.org/W1937616242",
"https://openalex.org/W1985192969",
"https://openalex.org/W1993791101",
"https://openalex.org/W2002077456",
"https://openalex.org/W2008680648",
"https://openalex.org/W2018748247",
"https://openalex.org/W2035287379",
"https://openalex.org/W2055291110",
"https://openalex.org/W2090457392",
"https://openalex.org/W2104175017",
"https://openalex.org/W2110823667",
"https://openalex.org/W2148324673",
"https://openalex.org/W2151489236",
"https://openalex.org/W2167840832",
"https://openalex.org/W2232763336",
"https://openalex.org/W2270610095",
"https://openalex.org/W2275686692",
"https://openalex.org/W2320664545",
"https://openalex.org/W2335230723",
"https://openalex.org/W2527674301",
"https://openalex.org/W2553285435",
"https://openalex.org/W2588788756",
"https://openalex.org/W2603836813",
"https://openalex.org/W2604914029",
"https://openalex.org/W2606833775",
"https://openalex.org/W2739742859",
"https://openalex.org/W2789605929",
"https://openalex.org/W2888700470",
"https://openalex.org/W2896150721",
"https://openalex.org/W2897182914",
"https://openalex.org/W2904255904",
"https://openalex.org/W2906270578",
"https://openalex.org/W2906664648",
"https://openalex.org/W2918036396",
"https://openalex.org/W2918477019",
"https://openalex.org/W2924912530",
"https://openalex.org/W2977431836",
"https://openalex.org/W2980857484",
"https://openalex.org/W2982808453",
"https://openalex.org/W3025197150",
"https://openalex.org/W3043619567",
"https://openalex.org/W3046212014",
"https://openalex.org/W3047650621",
"https://openalex.org/W3097319917",
"https://openalex.org/W3102151782",
"https://openalex.org/W3110983755",
"https://openalex.org/W3122505353",
"https://openalex.org/W3139160493",
"https://openalex.org/W3155415452",
"https://openalex.org/W3173738679",
"https://openalex.org/W3202864230",
"https://openalex.org/W4206402173",
"https://openalex.org/W4210907174",
"https://openalex.org/W4244216208",
"https://openalex.org/W4282045679",
"https://openalex.org/W4285300847",
"https://openalex.org/W4297259270",
"https://openalex.org/W4319985740",
"https://openalex.org/W4321184211",
"https://openalex.org/W4321221756",
"https://openalex.org/W4362694361",
"https://openalex.org/W4367186367",
"https://openalex.org/W4377087892",
"https://openalex.org/W4381433870",
"https://openalex.org/W4385988460",
"https://openalex.org/W56555134"
],
"referenced_works_count": 67,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W4385885897",
"https://openalex.org/W3157999811",
"https://openalex.org/W2994233774",
"https://openalex.org/W2389135710",
"https://openalex.org/W2365957313",
"https://openalex.org/W2354984123",
"https://openalex.org/W2354430264",
"https://openalex.org/W2353488054",
"https://openalex.org/W2026082378",
"https://openalex.org/W1986953311"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [],
"title": "Geologic sources and well integrity impact methane emissions from orphaned and abandoned oil and gas wells",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11588",
"display_name": "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts",
"score": 0.9999,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306",
"display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10635",
"display_name": "Hydraulic Fracturing in Shale Gas Reservoirs",
"score": 0.9997,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2210",
"display_name": "Mechanical Engineering"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
"display_name": "Engineering"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10399",
"display_name": "Characterization of Shale Gas Pore Structure",
"score": 0.9994,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2211",
"display_name": "Mechanics of Materials"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
"display_name": "Engineering"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-10T08:42:19.891914",
"versions": []
}
}
