Item talk:Q258394
From geokb
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"name": "The triple argon isotope composition of groundwater on ten-thousand-year timescales",
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"abstract": "Understanding the age and movement of groundwater is important for predicting the vulnerability of wells to contamination, constraining flow models that inform\u00a0sustainable groundwater management, and interpreting geochemical signals that reflect past climate. Due to both the ubiquity of groundwater with order ten-thousand-year residence times and its importance for climate reconstruction of the\u00a0last glacial\u00a0period, there is a strong need for improving geochemical dating tools on this timescale. Whereas\u00a014C of\u00a0dissolved inorganic carbon\u00a0and dissolved\u00a04He are common age tracers for\u00a0Late Pleistocene\u00a0groundwater, each is limited by systematic uncertainties related to aquifer composition and lithology, and the extent of water-rock interaction. In principle, radiogenic\u00a040Ar in groundwater acquired from decay of\u00a040K in aquifer minerals should be insensitive to some processes that impact\u00a014C and\u00a04He and thus represent a useful, complementary age tracer. In practice, however, detection of significant radiogenic\u00a040Ar signals in groundwater has been limited to a small number of studies of extremely old groundwater (>100\u00a0ka). Here we present the first high-precision (<1\u2030) measurements of triple Ar isotopes (40Ar,\u00a038Ar,\u00a036Ar) in groundwater. We introduce a model that distinguishes radiogenic\u00a040Ar from atmospheric\u00a040Ar by using the non-radiogenic Ar isotopes (36Ar,\u00a038Ar) to correct for mass-dependent fractionation. Using this model, we investigate variability in radiogenic\u00a040Ar excess (\u039440Ar) across 58 groundwater samples collected from 36 wells throughout California (USA). We find that \u039440Ar ranges from ~0\u2030 (the expected minimum value) to +4.2\u2030 across three study areas near Fresno, San Diego, and the western Mojave Desert. Based on measurements from a network of 23 scientific monitoring wells in San Diego, we find evidence for a strong dependence of \u039440Ar on aquifer lithology. We suggest that \u039440Ar is fundamentally controlled by the weathering of old K-bearing minerals and thus reflects both the degree of groundwater-rock interaction, which is related to groundwater age, and the integrated flow through different geological formations. Future studies of Late Pleistocene groundwater may benefit from high-precision triple Ar isotope measurements as a new tool to better interpret\u00a014C- and\u00a04He-based constraints on groundwater age and flow.",
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