Item talk:Q258065

From geokb

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Megascale processes: Natural disasters and human behavior",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70035409",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70035409"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70035409
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1130/2009.453(06)",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.453(06)"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "ISSN",
       "value": "00721077"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Special Paper of the Geological Society of America"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Special Paper of the Geological Society of America"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2009",
   "dateModified": "2012-03-12",
   "abstract": "Megascale geologic processes, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, floods, and meteoritic impacts have occurred intermittently throughout geologic time, and perhaps on several planets. Unlike other catastrophes discussed in this volume, a unique process is unfolding on Earth, one in which humans may be the driving agent of megadisasters. Although local effects on population clusters may have been catastrophic in the past, human societies have never been interconnected globally at the scale that currently exists. We review some megascale processes and their effects in the past, and compare present conditions and possible outcomes. We then propose that human behavior itself is having effects on the planet that are comparable to, or greater than, these natural disasters. Yet, unlike geologic processes, human behavior is potentially under our control. Because the effects of our behavior threaten the stability, or perhaps even existence, of a civilized society, we call for the creation of a body to institute coherent global, credible, scientifi cally based action that is sensitive to political, economic, religious, and cultural values. The goal would be to institute aggressive monitoring, identify and understand trends, predict their consequences, and suggest and evaluate alternative actions to attempt to rescue ourselves and our ecosystems from catastrophe. We provide a template modeled after several existing national and international bodies. ?? 2009 The Geological Society of America.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Reitan, P.",
       "givenName": "P.",
       "familyName": "Reitan"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Kieffer, S. W.",
       "givenName": "S. W.",
       "familyName": "Kieffer"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Barton, P.",
       "givenName": "P.",
       "familyName": "Barton"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Palmer, A. R.",
       "givenName": "A. R.",
       "familyName": "Palmer"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Zen, E-An",
       "givenName": "E-An",
       "familyName": "Zen"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Chesworth, W.",
       "givenName": "W.",
       "familyName": "Chesworth"
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "_id": "https://openalex.org/w1892682109",
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Megascale": [
       0
     ],
     "geologic": [
       1,
       17,
       118
     ],
     "processes,": [
       2,
       119
     ],
     "such": [
       3
     ],
     "as": [
       4
     ],
     "earthquakes,": [
       5
     ],
     "tsunamis,": [
       6
     ],
     "volcanic": [
       7
     ],
     "eruptions,": [
       8
     ],
     "floods,": [
       9
     ],
     "and": [
       10,
       19,
       80,
       86,
       90,
       167,
       179,
       185,
       187,
       196,
       210
     ],
     "meteoritic": [
       11
     ],
     "impacts": [
       12
     ],
     "have": [
       13,
       56,
       64
     ],
     "occurred": [
       14
     ],
     "intermittently": [
       15
     ],
     "throughout": [
       16
     ],
     "time,": [
       18
     ],
     "perhaps": [
       20,
       137
     ],
     "on": [
       21,
       36,
       52,
       103
     ],
     "several": [
       22,
       207
     ],
     "planets.": [
       23
     ],
     "Unlike": [
       24
     ],
     "other": [
       25
     ],
     "catastrophes": [
       26
     ],
     "discussed": [
       27
     ],
     "in": [
       28,
       39,
       59,
       83
     ],
     "this": [
       29
     ],
     "volume,": [
       30
     ],
     "a": [
       31,
       141,
       150,
       203
     ],
     "unique": [
       32
     ],
     "process": [
       33
     ],
     "is": [
       34,
       100,
       122,
       161
     ],
     "unfolding": [
       35
     ],
     "Earth,": [
       37
     ],
     "one": [
       38
     ],
     "which": [
       40
     ],
     "humans": [
       41
     ],
     "may": [
       42,
       55
     ],
     "be": [
       43,
       173
     ],
     "the": [
       44,
       60,
       70,
       84,
       104,
       128,
       134,
       147
     ],
     "driving": [
       45
     ],
     "agent": [
       46
     ],
     "of": [
       47,
       130,
       140,
       149
     ],
     "megadisasters.": [
       48
     ],
     "Although": [
       49
     ],
     "local": [
       50
     ],
     "effects": [
       51,
       82,
       102,
       129
     ],
     "population": [
       53
     ],
     "clusters": [
       54
     ],
     "been": [
       57,
       66
     ],
     "catastrophic": [
       58
     ],
     "past,": [
       61,
       85
     ],
     "human": [
       62,
       97,
       120
     ],
     "societies": [
       63
     ],
     "never": [
       65
     ],
     "interconnected": [
       67
     ],
     "globally": [
       68
     ],
     "at": [
       69
     ],
     "scale": [
       71
     ],
     "that": [
       72,
       96,
       106,
       160
     ],
     "currently": [
       73
     ],
     "exists.": [
       74
     ],
     "We": [
       75,
       93,
       201
     ],
     "review": [
       76
     ],
     "some": [
       77
     ],
     "megascale": [
       78
     ],
     "processes": [
       79
     ],
     "their": [
       81,
       183
     ],
     "compare": [
       87
     ],
     "present": [
       88
     ],
     "conditions": [
       89
     ],
     "possible": [
       91
     ],
     "outcomes.": [
       92
     ],
     "then": [
       94
     ],
     "propose": [
       95
     ],
     "behavior": [
       98,
       121,
       132
     ],
     "itself": [
       99
     ],
     "having": [
       101
     ],
     "planet": [
       105
     ],
     "are": [
       107
     ],
     "comparable": [
       108
     ],
     "to,": [
       109
     ],
     "or": [
       110,
       136
     ],
     "greater": [
       111
     ],
     "than,": [
       112
     ],
     "these": [
       113
     ],
     "natural": [
       114
     ],
     "disasters.": [
       115
     ],
     "Yet,": [
       116
     ],
     "unlike": [
       117
     ],
     "potentially": [
       123
     ],
     "under": [
       124
     ],
     "our": [
       125,
       131,
       197
     ],
     "control.": [
       126
     ],
     "Because": [
       127
     ],
     "threaten": [
       133
     ],
     "stability,": [
       135
     ],
     "even": [
       138
     ],
     "existence,": [
       139
     ],
     "civilized": [
       142
     ],
     "society,": [
       143
     ],
     "we": [
       144
     ],
     "call": [
       145
     ],
     "for": [
       146
     ],
     "creation": [
       148
     ],
     "body": [
       151
     ],
     "to": [
       152,
       163,
       174,
       191,
       193
     ],
     "institute": [
       153,
       175
     ],
     "coherent": [
       154
     ],
     "global,": [
       155
     ],
     "credible,": [
       156
     ],
     "scientifically": [
       157
     ],
     "based": [
       158
     ],
     "action": [
       159
     ],
     "sensitive": [
       162
     ],
     "political,": [
       164
     ],
     "economic,": [
       165
     ],
     "religious,": [
       166
     ],
     "cultural": [
       168
     ],
     "values.": [
       169
     ],
     "The": [
       170
     ],
     "goal": [
       171
     ],
     "would": [
       172
     ],
     "aggressive": [
       176
     ],
     "monitoring,": [
       177
     ],
     "identify": [
       178
     ],
     "understand": [
       180
     ],
     "trends,": [
       181
     ],
     "predict": [
       182
     ],
     "consequences,": [
       184
     ],
     "suggest": [
       186
     ],
     "evaluate": [
       188
     ],
     "alternative": [
       189
     ],
     "actions": [
       190
     ],
     "attempt": [
       192
     ],
     "rescue": [
       194
     ],
     "ourselves": [
       195
     ],
     "ecosystems": [
       198
     ],
     "from": [
       199
     ],
     "catastrophe.": [
       200
     ],
     "provide": [
       202
     ],
     "template": [
       204
     ],
     "modeled": [
       205
     ],
     "after": [
       206
     ],
     "existing": [
       208
     ],
     "national": [
       209
     ],
     "international": [
       211
     ],
     "bodies.": [
       212
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5074401675",
         "display_name": "S. W. Kieffer",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7396-0123"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I157725225",
           "display_name": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/047426m28",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I157725225"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Susan Werner Kieffer",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I157725225"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5103377307",
         "display_name": "Paul Barton",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Paul Barton",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5032433955",
         "display_name": "Ward Chesworth",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Ward Chesworth",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5052659076",
         "display_name": "Allison R. Palmer",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Allison R Palmer",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5083907476",
         "display_name": "Paul H. Reitan",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Paul Reitan",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5082276897",
         "display_name": "E\u2010an Zen",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [],
       "countries": [],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "E-an Zen",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [],
       "affiliations": []
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": null,
   "biblio": {
     "volume": null,
     "issue": null,
     "first_page": null,
     "last_page": null
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.721698,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1892682109",
   "cited_by_count": 1,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 64,
     "max": 71
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2776608160",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462",
       "display_name": "Natural (archaeology)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.61869496
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C166566181",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8065",
       "display_name": "Natural disaster",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.5838847
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603",
       "display_name": "Population",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.49708846
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C120806208",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8072",
       "display_name": "Volcano",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.4963277
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.39046678
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C95124753",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875686",
       "display_name": "Environmental ethics",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.38953453
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C95457728",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309",
       "display_name": "History",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.3887497
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C1965285",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8008",
       "display_name": "Earth science",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.3630581
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C107826830",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380",
       "display_name": "Environmental resource management",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.33230704
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.24244028
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.22309247
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201",
       "display_name": "Sociology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.13861316
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C166957645",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498",
       "display_name": "Archaeology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.11870238
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C151730666",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205",
       "display_name": "Paleontology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.10261363
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C153294291",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261",
       "display_name": "Meteorology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.09104705
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C138885662",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891",
       "display_name": "Philosophy",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732",
       "display_name": "Demography",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [],
   "countries_distinct_count": 1,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2016,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2016-06-24",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Megascale processes: Natural disasters and human behavior",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.453(06)",
   "fwci": 0.0,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": false,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W1892682109",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1892682109",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.453(06)",
     "mag": "1892682109"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 1,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/global-catastrophic-risks",
       "display_name": "Global Catastrophic Risks",
       "score": 0.433374
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.453(06)",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463317",
         "display_name": "Geological Society of America eBooks",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319845",
         "host_organization_name": "Geological Society of America",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310319845"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Geological Society of America"
         ],
         "type": "ebook platform"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 1,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W1892682109/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "oa_status": "closed",
     "oa_url": null,
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1130/2009.453(06)",
     "pdf_url": null,
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306463317",
       "display_name": "Geological Society of America eBooks",
       "issn_l": null,
       "issn": null,
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": false,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310319845",
       "host_organization_name": "Geological Society of America",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310319845"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Geological Society of America"
       ],
       "type": "ebook platform"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": null,
     "is_accepted": false,
     "is_published": false
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T13469",
     "display_name": "Societal Collapse and Sustainable Development",
     "score": 0.9848,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3312",
       "display_name": "Sociology and Political Science"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33",
       "display_name": "Social Sciences"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2",
       "display_name": "Social Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2009-01-01",
   "publication_year": 2009,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1503952757",
     "https://openalex.org/W1505849355",
     "https://openalex.org/W1512177848",
     "https://openalex.org/W1524762123",
     "https://openalex.org/W1550672919",
     "https://openalex.org/W1551322995",
     "https://openalex.org/W1558825610",
     "https://openalex.org/W1570158832",
     "https://openalex.org/W1598846352",
     "https://openalex.org/W1985014980",
     "https://openalex.org/W1989310243",
     "https://openalex.org/W1993237173",
     "https://openalex.org/W2010614057",
     "https://openalex.org/W2012616003",
     "https://openalex.org/W2012692867",
     "https://openalex.org/W2019463479",
     "https://openalex.org/W2028514556",
     "https://openalex.org/W2048607926",
     "https://openalex.org/W2061083171",
     "https://openalex.org/W2062056129",
     "https://openalex.org/W2072978290",
     "https://openalex.org/W2077846803",
     "https://openalex.org/W2085807439",
     "https://openalex.org/W2085991080",
     "https://openalex.org/W2087531062",
     "https://openalex.org/W2096145431",
     "https://openalex.org/W2098876115",
     "https://openalex.org/W2110619496",
     "https://openalex.org/W2114701864",
     "https://openalex.org/W2115199904",
     "https://openalex.org/W2120719018",
     "https://openalex.org/W2121188496",
     "https://openalex.org/W2124051784",
     "https://openalex.org/W2133564009",
     "https://openalex.org/W2147166346",
     "https://openalex.org/W2149058036",
     "https://openalex.org/W2338032725",
     "https://openalex.org/W2575642142",
     "https://openalex.org/W2650367466",
     "https://openalex.org/W2740275757",
     "https://openalex.org/W2801500303",
     "https://openalex.org/W3201558565",
     "https://openalex.org/W569217445",
     "https://openalex.org/W585802469"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 44,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W91797124",
     "https://openalex.org/W50572175",
     "https://openalex.org/W4389105634",
     "https://openalex.org/W4211227906",
     "https://openalex.org/W4207052685",
     "https://openalex.org/W2389979521",
     "https://openalex.org/W2387944524",
     "https://openalex.org/W2087375279",
     "https://openalex.org/W1979762286",
     "https://openalex.org/W1546915723"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13",
       "score": 0.43,
       "display_name": "Climate action"
     }
   ],
   "title": "Megascale processes: Natural disasters and human behavior",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13469",
       "display_name": "Societal Collapse and Sustainable Development",
       "score": 0.9848,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3312",
         "display_name": "Sociology and Political Science"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/33",
         "display_name": "Social Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/2",
         "display_name": "Social Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12639",
       "display_name": "Global Energy Transition and Fossil Fuel Depletion",
       "score": 0.9823,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2105",
         "display_name": "Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/21",
         "display_name": "Energy"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12788",
       "display_name": "Search for Extraterrestrial Life and Intelligence",
       "score": 0.958,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/3103",
         "display_name": "Astronomy and Astrophysics"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/31",
         "display_name": "Physics and Astronomy"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "book-chapter",
   "type_crossref": "book-chapter",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-15T02:06:30.192767",
   "versions": []
 }

}