Item talk:Q257813

From geokb

{

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   "name": "A prioritization protocol for coastal wetland restoration on Moloka\u02bbi, Hawai\u02bbi",
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     "name": "Frontiers in Environmental Science",
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   "datePublished": "2023",
   "dateModified": "2023-07-21",
   "abstract": "Hawaiian coastal wetlands provide important habitat for federally endangered waterbirds and socio-cultural resources for Native Hawaiians. Currently, Hawaiian coastal wetlands are degraded by development, sedimentation, and invasive species and, thus, require restoration. Little is known about their original structure and function due to the large-scale alteration of the lowland landscape since European contact. Here, we used 1) rapid field assessments of hydrology, vegetation, soils, and birds, 2) a comprehensive analysis of endangered bird habitat value, 3) site spatial characteristics, 4) sea-level rise projections for 2050 and 2100 and wetland migration potential, and 5) preferences of the Native Hawaiian community in a GIS site suitability analysis to prioritize restoration of coastal wetlands on the island of Moloka\u02bbi. The site suitability analysis is the first, to our knowledge, to incorporate community preferences, habitat criteria for endangered waterbirds, and sea-level rise into prioritizing wetland sites for restoration. The rapid assessments showed that groundwater is a ubiquitous water source for coastal wetlands. A groundwater-fed, freshwater herbaceous peatland or \u201ccoastal fen\u201d not previously described in Hawai\u02bbi was found adjacent to the coastline at a site being used to grow taro, a staple crop for Native Hawaiians. In traditional ecological knowledge, such a groundwater-fed, agro-ecological system is referred to as a lo\u02bbip\u016bn\u0101wai (spring pond). Overall, 39 plant species were found at the 12 sites; 26 of these were wetland species and 11 were native. Soil texture in the wetlands ranged from loamy sands to silt and silty clays and the mean % organic carbon content was 10.93% \u00b1 12.24 (sd). In total, 79 federally endangered waterbirds, 13 Hawaiian coots (\u2018alae ke\u02bboke\u02bbo;\u00a0Fulica alai) and 66 Hawaiian stilts (ae\u02bbo;\u00a0Himantopus mexicanus knudseni), were counted during the rapid field assessments. The site suitability analysis consistently ranked three sites the highest, Kaupapalo\u02bbi o Ka\u02bbamola, Kakahai\u02bba National Wildlife Refuge, and \u02bb\u014chi\u02bbapilo Pond, under three different weighting approaches. Site prioritization represents both an actionable plan for coastal wetland restoration and an alternative protocol for restoration decision-making in places such as Hawai\u02bbi where no pristine \u201creference\u201d sites exist for comparison.",
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