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{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "The Kharapeh orogenic gold deposit: Geological, structural, and geochemical controls on epizonal ore formation in West Azerbaijan Province, Northwestern Iran", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70004036", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70004036" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 70004036 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.1007/s00126-011-0335-x", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00126-011-0335-x" } ], "journal": { "@type": "Periodical", "name": "Mineralium Deposita", "volumeNumber": "46", "issueNumber": "4" }, "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Mineralium Deposita" } ], "datePublished": "2011", "dateModified": "2021-05-18", "abstract": "The Kharapeh gold deposit is located along the northwestern margin of the Sanandaj\u2013Sirjan Zone (SSZ) in the West Azerbaijan province, Iran. It is an epizonal orogenic gold deposit formed within the deformed zone between central Iran and the Arabian plate during the Cretaceous\u2013Tertiary Zagros orogeny. The deposit area is underlain by Cretaceous schist and marble, as well as altered andesite and dacite dikes. Structural analysis indicates that the rocks underwent tight to isoclinal recumbent folding and were subsequently co-axially refolded to upright open folds during a second deformation. Late- to post-tectonic Cenozoic granites and granodiorites occur northeast of the deposit area. Mineralization mainly is recognized within NW-trending extensional structures as veins and breccia zones. Normal faults, intermediate dikes, and quartz veins, oriented subparallel to the axial surface of the Kharapeh antiform, indicate synchronous extension perpendicular to the fold axis during the second folding event. The gold-bearing quartz veins are >1\u00a0km in length and average about 6\u00a0m in width; breccia zones are 10\u201350\u00a0m in length and \u22641\u00a0m in width. Hydrothermal alteration mainly consists of silicification, sulfidation, chloritization, sericitization, and carbonatization. Paragenetic relationships indicate three distinct stages\u2014replacement and silicification, brecciation and fracture filling, and cataclastic brecciation\u2014with the latter two being gold-rich. Fluid inclusion data suggest mineral deposition at temperatures of at least 220\u2013255\u00b0C and depths of at least 1.4\u20131.8\u00a0km, from a H2O\u2013CO2\u00b1CH4\u00a0fluid of relatively high salinity (12\u201314\u00a0wt.% NaCl equiv.), which may reflect metamorphism of passive margin carbonate sequences. Ore fluid \u03b418O values between about 7\u2030 and 9\u2030 suggest no significant meteoric water input, despite gold deposition in a relatively shallow epizonal environment. Similarities to other deposits in the SSZ suggest that the deposit formed as part of a diachronous gold event during the middle to late Tertiary throughout the SSZ and during the final stages of the Zagros orogeny. The proximity of Kharapeh to the main tectonic suture of the orogen, well-developed regional fold systems with superimposed complex fracture geometries, and recognition of nearby volcanogenic massive sulfide systems that suggest a region characterized by sulfur- and metal-rich crustal rocks, collectively indicate an area of the SSZ with high favorability for undiscovered gold resources.", "description": "20 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Springer" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Goldfarb, Richard J. goldfarb@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Richard J.", "familyName": "Goldfarb", "email": "goldfarb@usgs.gov", "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc" } ] }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Mohajjel, Mohammad", "givenName": "Mohammad", "familyName": "Mohajjel" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Marsh, Erin E.", "givenName": "Erin E.", "familyName": "Marsh", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0001-5245-9532", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5245-9532" } }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Niroomand, Shojaeddin", "givenName": "Shojaeddin", "familyName": "Niroomand" }, { "@type": "Person", "name": "Moore, Farib", "givenName": "Farib", "familyName": "Moore" } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Central Mineral and Environmental Resources Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/gggsc" } ], "spatialCoverage": [ { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "country", "name": "Iran", "url": "https://geonames.org/4897496" }, { "@type": "Place", "additionalType": "state", "name": "West Azerbaijan Province" }, { "@type": "Place", "geo": [ { "@type": "GeoShape", "additionalProperty": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "GeoJSON", "value": { "type": "FeatureCollection", "features": [ { "type": "Feature", "properties": {}, "geometry": { "type": "Polygon", "coordinates": [ [ [ 57.52441406249999, 29.180941290001776 ], [ 55.7061767578125, 30.826780904779774 ], [ 53.3111572265625, 33.15594830078649 ], [ 50.064697265625, 36.03577394783581 ], [ 47.71911621093749, 37.26530995561875 ], [ 46.1260986328125, 36.98500309285596 ], [ 46.1260986328125, 36.5670120564234 ], [ 48.724365234375, 34.5020297944346 ], [ 51.96533203125, 31.194007509998823 ], [ 55.6072998046875, 28.589345223446188 ], [ 57.52441406249999, 29.180941290001776 ] ] ] } } ] } } }, { "@type": "GeoCoordinates", "latitude": 32.98100058858394, "longitude": 51.80080686063603 } ] } ] }, "OpenAlex": { "abstract_inverted_index": null, "apc_list": { "value": 2890, "currency": "EUR", "value_usd": 3690, "provenance": "doaj" }, "apc_paid": null, "authorships": [ { "author_position": "first", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5069519492", "display_name": "Shojaeddin Niroomand", "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8349-2896" }, "institutions": [ { "id": "https://openalex.org/I166459259", "display_name": "Shiraz University", "ror": "https://ror.org/028qtbk54", "country_code": "IR", "type": "education", "lineage": [ "https://openalex.org/I166459259" ] } ], "countries": [ "IR" ], "is_corresponding": false, "raw_author_name": "Shojaeddin Niroomand", "raw_affiliation_strings": [ "Department of earth sciences, college of sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran" ], "affiliations": [ { "raw_affiliation_string": "Department of earth sciences, college of sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran", "institution_ids": [ "https://openalex.org/I166459259" ] } ] }, { "author_position": "middle", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5082538179", "display_name": "Richard J. 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