Item talk:Q249940

From geokb

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Prevalence of pox-like lesions and malaria in forest bird communitites on leeward Mauna Loa volcano, Hawaii",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70006535",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70006535"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70006535
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1093/condor/107.3.537",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "The Condor",
     "volumeNumber": "107",
     "issueNumber": "3"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "The Condor"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2005",
   "dateModified": "2022-06-03",
   "abstract": "Introduced avian pox virus and malaria have had devastating impacts on native Hawaiian forest birds, yet little has been published about their prevalence and distribution in forest bird communities outside of windward Hawaii Island. We surveyed native and non-native forest birds for these two diseases at three different elevations on leeward Mauna Loa Volcano at the Kona Forest Unit of Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge. Prevalence of malaria by both serology and microscopy varied by elevation and ranged from 28% at 710 m to 13% at 1830 m. Prevalence of pox-like lesions also varied by altitude, ranging in native species from 10% at 710 m to 2% at 1830 m. Native species at all elevations had the highest prevalence of malarial antibody and pox-like lesions. By contrast, pox-like lesions were not detected in individuals of four non-native species and only 5% of Japanese White-eye (Zosterops japonicus) was positive for malaria. A significantly high proportion of birds with pox-like lesions also had serological evidence of concurrent, chronic malarial infections, suggesting an interaction between these diseases, dual transmission of both diseases by the primary mosquito vector (Culex quinquefasciatus) or complete recovery of some pox-infected birds without loss of toes. Results from this study document high prevalence of malaria and pox at this refuge. Development of effective disease control strategies will be important for restoration of remnant populations of the endangered \u2018Akiapola\u2018au (Hemignathus munroi), Hawaii Creeper (Oreomystis mana), and Hawaii \u2018Akepa (Loxops coccineus coccineus) that still occur on the refuge.",
   "description": "10 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "Oxford Academic"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Dusek, Robert J.",
       "givenName": "Robert J.",
       "familyName": "Dusek",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-6177-7479",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479"
       }
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Samuel, Michael D. msamuel@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Michael D.",
       "familyName": "Samuel",
       "email": "msamuel@usgs.gov",
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Coop Res Unit Leetown",
           "url": "https://www1.usgs.gov/coopunits/unit/Virginia"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Lease, Julie K.",
       "givenName": "Julie K.",
       "familyName": "Lease"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Atkinson, Carter T. catkinson@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Carter T.",
       "familyName": "Atkinson",
       "email": "catkinson@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0002-4232-5335",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/pacific-island-ecosystems-research-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "California Water Science Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/california-water-science-center"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-islands-water-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Coop Res Unit Leetown",
       "url": "https://www1.usgs.gov/coopunits/unit/Virginia"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nwhc"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Pacific Islands Ecosys Research Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pacific-islands-water-science-center"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "United States",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "state",
       "name": "Hawai'i"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "unknown",
       "name": "Mauna Loa Volcano"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "geo": [
         {
           "@type": "GeoShape",
           "additionalProperty": {
             "@type": "PropertyValue",
             "name": "GeoJSON",
             "value": {
               "type": "FeatureCollection",
               "features": [
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "properties": {},
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           -155.335693359375,
                           19.850685654762483
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33363342285156,
                           19.840997675999073
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33432006835938,
                           19.832923908804766
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33672332763672,
                           19.823880802375985
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33775329589844,
                           19.81289919568022
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.34358978271484,
                           19.792871960814114
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.3470230102539,
                           19.784149635381937
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.34873962402344,
                           19.7747806797319
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.3363800048828,
                           19.77542683229088
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.31131744384766,
                           19.770257538466932
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.29277801513672,
                           19.768642099766105
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.27629852294922,
                           19.76799591970216
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.25775909423828,
                           19.767026644695406
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.23544311523438,
                           19.766057363795902
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.22308349609375,
                           19.764118784319585
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.21862030029297,
                           19.767349737019078
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.21896362304688,
                           19.77801141632675
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.22239685058594,
                           19.792225879018442
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.22411346435544,
                           19.810315177998
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.22789001464844,
                           19.819682042326125
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2306365966797,
                           19.82226590778991
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2375030517578,
                           19.822588888019716
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.24608612060547,
                           19.820650996796843
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2333831787109,
                           19.828725387681168
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2423095703125,
                           19.875871631390044
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2471160888672,
                           19.87619450255381
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.25501251220703,
                           19.872965761318042
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.26256561279297,
                           19.87005983797396
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2749252319336,
                           19.86650808155144
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.28968811035156,
                           19.863279143038437
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.32058715820312,
                           19.855852334985162
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33191680908203,
                           19.85359193308761
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.335693359375,
                           19.850685654762483
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   }
                 },
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "properties": {},
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           -155.33809661865234,
                           19.87522588708924
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33843994140625,
                           19.865539406900897
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33706665039062,
                           19.861341748374272
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33672332763672,
                           19.8590814246897
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.24505615234375,
                           19.87813171572293
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.22411346435544,
                           19.90783268436734
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.23784637451172,
                           19.923972177415845
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2423095703125,
                           19.921067190236382
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.24539947509766,
                           19.916225426319212
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2529525756836,
                           19.91235190844656
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2587890625,
                           19.909446707787783
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.27114868164062,
                           19.903958960978933
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.2862548828125,
                           19.89879384895182
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.30136108398438,
                           19.894597071321108
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.31578063964844,
                           19.88975449735643
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.3243637084961,
                           19.886848881896228
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.3308868408203,
                           19.885234628052384
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33157348632812,
                           19.877808848505918
                         ],
                         [
                           -155.33809661865234,
                           19.87522588708924
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   }
                 }
               ]
             }
           }
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 19.813774995665046,
           "longitude": -155.28093010947939
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 19.88748328204796,
           "longitude": -155.27930500679832
         }
       ]
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Abstract": [
       0
     ],
     "Introduced": [
       1
     ],
     "avian": [
       2
     ],
     "pox": [
       3,
       208
     ],
     "virus": [
       4
     ],
     "and": [
       5,
       24,
       38,
       72,
       77,
       123,
       139,
       207,
       236
     ],
     "malaria": [
       6,
       68,
       206,
       274,
       354,
       419,
       488,
       534
     ],
     "have": [
       7
     ],
     "had": [
       8,
       116,
       161
     ],
     "devastating": [
       9
     ],
     "impacts": [
       10
     ],
     "on": [
       11,
       50,
       245
     ],
     "native": [
       12,
       37,
       99
     ],
     "Hawaiian": [
       13
     ],
     "forest": [
       14,
       27,
       40
     ],
     "birds,": [
       15
     ],
     "yet": [
       16
     ],
     "little": [
       17
     ],
     "has": [
       18
     ],
     "been": [
       19
     ],
     "published": [
       20
     ],
     "about": [
       21
     ],
     "their": [
       22
     ],
     "prevalence": [
       23,
       119,
       204
     ],
     "distribution": [
       25
     ],
     "in": [
       26,
       98,
       133
     ],
     "bird": [
       28
     ],
     "communities": [
       29
     ],
     "outside": [
       30
     ],
     "of": [
       31,
       60,
       67,
       90,
       120,
       135,
       142,
       155,
       164,
       177,
       190,
       196,
       205,
       213,
       223,
       226
     ],
     "windward": [
       32
     ],
     "Hawaii": [
       33,
       232,
       237
     ],
     "Island.": [
       34
     ],
     "We": [
       35
     ],
     "surveyed": [
       36
     ],
     "non-native": [
       39,
       137
     ],
     "birds": [
       41,
       156,
       193
     ],
     "for": [
       42,
       149,
       221
     ],
     "these": [
       43,
       173
     ],
     "two": [
       44
     ],
     "diseases": [
       45,
       179
     ],
     "at": [
       46,
       55,
       81,
       86,
       103,
       108,
       113,
       209
     ],
     "three": [
       47
     ],
     "different": [
       48
     ],
     "elevations": [
       49,
       115
     ],
     "leeward": [
       51
     ],
     "Mauna": [
       52,
       269,
       333
     ],
     "Loa": [
       53,
       334
     ],
     "Volcano": [
       54
     ],
     "the": [
       56,
       117,
       181,
       227,
       246
     ],
     "Kona": [
       57,
       340
     ],
     "Forest": [
       58,
       62
     ],
     "Unit": [
       59
     ],
     "Hakalau": [
       61
     ],
     "National": [
       63
     ],
     "Wildlife": [
       64
     ],
     "Refuge.": [
       65
     ],
     "Prevalence": [
       66,
       89
     ],
     "by": [
       69,
       75,
       95,
       180
     ],
     "both": [
       70,
       178
     ],
     "serology": [
       71
     ],
     "microscopy": [
       73
     ],
     "varied": [
       74,
       94
     ],
     "elevation": [
       76
     ],
     "ranged": [
       78
     ],
     "from": [
       79,
       101,
       199
     ],
     "28%": [
       80,
       368
     ],
     "710": [
       82,
       104,
       370,
       397
     ],
     "m": [
       83,
       105,
       371,
       398,
       404
     ],
     "to": [
       84,
       106
     ],
     "13%": [
       85,
       374
     ],
     "1830": [
       87,
       109,
       376
     ],
     "m.": [
       88,
       110,
       377
     ],
     "pox-like": [
       91,
       124,
       128,
       158
     ],
     "lesions": [
       92,
       129,
       159
     ],
     "also": [
       93,
       160
     ],
     "altitude,": [
       96
     ],
     "ranging": [
       97
     ],
     "species": [
       100,
       112,
       138
     ],
     "10%": [
       102,
       395
     ],
     "2%": [
       107,
       401
     ],
     "Native": [
       111
     ],
     "all": [
       114
     ],
     "highest": [
       118
     ],
     "malarial": [
       121,
       167
     ],
     "antibody": [
       122
     ],
     "lesions.": [
       125
     ],
     "By": [
       126
     ],
     "contrast,": [
       127
     ],
     "were": [
       130
     ],
     "not": [
       131
     ],
     "detected": [
       132
     ],
     "individuals": [
       134
     ],
     "four": [
       136
     ],
     "only": [
       140
     ],
     "5%": [
       141,
       452
     ],
     "Japanese": [
       143
     ],
     "White-eye": [
       144
     ],
     "(Zosterops": [
       145
     ],
     "japonicus)": [
       146
     ],
     "was": [
       147
     ],
     "positive": [
       148
     ],
     "malaria.": [
       150,
       464
     ],
     "A": [
       151
     ],
     "significantly": [
       152
     ],
     "high": [
       153,
       203
     ],
     "proportion": [
       154
     ],
     "with": [
       157
     ],
     "serological": [
       162
     ],
     "evidence": [
       163
     ],
     "concurrent,": [
       165
     ],
     "chronic": [
       166
     ],
     "infections,": [
       168
     ],
     "suggesting": [
       169
     ],
     "an": [
       170
     ],
     "interaction": [
       171
     ],
     "between": [
       172
     ],
     "diseases,": [
       174
     ],
     "dual": [
       175,
       498
     ],
     "transmission": [
       176
     ],
     "primary": [
       182
     ],
     "mosquito": [
       183,
       507
     ],
     "vector": [
       184,
       504
     ],
     "(Culex": [
       185
     ],
     "quinquefasciatus)": [
       186,
       509
     ],
     "or": [
       187
     ],
     "complete": [
       188
     ],
     "recovery": [
       189
     ],
     "some": [
       191
     ],
     "pox-infected": [
       192
     ],
     "without": [
       194
     ],
     "loss": [
       195
     ],
     "toes.": [
       197
     ],
     "Results": [
       198
     ],
     "this": [
       200,
       210
     ],
     "study": [
       201
     ],
     "document": [
       202
     ],
     "refuge.": [
       211,
       247
     ],
     "Development": [
       212
     ],
     "effective": [
       214
     ],
     "disease": [
       215
     ],
     "control": [
       216,
       546
     ],
     "strategies": [
       217
     ],
     "will": [
       218
     ],
     "be": [
       219
     ],
     "important": [
       220
     ],
     "restoration": [
       222
     ],
     "remnant": [
       224
     ],
     "populations": [
       225
     ],
     "endangered": [
       228
     ],
     "\u2018Akiapola\u2018au": [
       229
     ],
     "(Hemignathus": [
       230
     ],
     "munroi),": [
       231
     ],
     "Creeper": [
       233
     ],
     "(Oreomystis": [
       234
     ],
     "mana),": [
       235
     ],
     "\u2018Akepa": [
       238
     ],
     "(Loxops": [
       239
     ],
     "coccineus": [
       240,
       570,
       571
     ],
     "coccineus)": [
       241
     ],
     "that": [
       242
     ],
     "still": [
       243
     ],
     "occur": [
       244
     ],
     "Prevalencia": [
       248
     ],
     "de": [
       249,
       253,
       261,
       263,
       290,
       306,
       309,
       313,
       323,
       339,
       343,
       349,
       353,
       358,
       380,
       384,
       416,
       424,
       435,
       444,
       453,
       456,
       469,
       476,
       484,
       487,
       499,
       523,
       527,
       533,
       543,
       545,
       547,
       555,
       559
     ],
     "Lesiones": [
       250
     ],
     "del": [
       251,
       341,
       346,
       382,
       422,
       433,
       474
     ],
     "Tipo": [
       252
     ],
     "la": [
       254,
       276,
       307,
       321,
       336,
       364,
       385,
       391,
       412,
       425,
       436,
       457,
       477,
       521,
       553
     ],
     "Viruela": [
       255
     ],
     "Aviar": [
       256
     ],
     "y": [
       257,
       275,
       300,
       316,
       360,
       372,
       399,
       420,
       449,
       535,
       568
     ],
     "Malaria": [
       258
     ],
     "en": [
       259,
       265,
       302,
       330,
       335,
       405,
       442,
       513,
       538,
       562,
       575
     ],
     "Comunidades": [
       260
     ],
     "Aves": [
       262
     ],
     "Bosque": [
       264,
       347
     ],
     "el": [
       266,
       331,
       451,
       503,
       576
     ],
     "Volc\u00e1n": [
       267
     ],
     "Leeward": [
       268
     ],
     "Loa,": [
       270
     ],
     "Hawai": [
       271
     ],
     "Resumen.": [
       272
     ],
     "La": [
       273,
       351,
       378
     ],
     "viruela": [
       277,
       386,
       426,
       437,
       478,
       518,
       536
     ],
     "aviar,": [
       278
     ],
     "ambas": [
       279
     ],
     "introducidas,": [
       280
     ],
     "han": [
       281
     ],
     "tenido": [
       282
     ],
     "un": [
       283,
       367,
       373,
       394,
       400
     ],
     "impacto": [
       284
     ],
     "devastador": [
       285
     ],
     "sobre": [
       286,
       297
     ],
     "las": [
       287,
       303,
       431,
       470,
       500,
       556,
       560
     ],
     "aves": [
       288,
       312,
       471,
       515
     ],
     "nativas": [
       289,
       315,
       318,
       410,
       448
     ],
     "bosque,": [
       291
     ],
     "pero": [
       292
     ],
     "se": [
       293,
       440
     ],
     "ha": [
       294
     ],
     "publicado": [
       295
     ],
     "poco": [
       296
     ],
     "su": [
       298
     ],
     "prevalencia": [
       299,
       352,
       379,
       415
     ],
     "distribuci\u00f3n": [
       301
     ],
     "comunidades": [
       304
     ],
     "fuera": [
       305
     ],
     "isla": [
       308
     ],
     "Hawai.": [
       310
     ],
     "Muestreamos": [
       311
     ],
     "bosque": [
       314
     ],
     "no": [
       317,
       439,
       447
     ],
     "para": [
       319,
       463,
       552
     ],
     "determinar": [
       320
     ],
     "presencia": [
       322
     ],
     "estas": [
       324,
       494,
       548
     ],
     "dos": [
       325,
       495
     ],
     "enfermedades": [
       326,
       501,
       549
     ],
     "a": [
       327,
       356,
       369,
       375,
       396,
       402
     ],
     "diferentes": [
       328
     ],
     "elevaciones": [
       329
     ],
     "volc\u00e1n": [
       332
     ],
     "Unidad": [
       337
     ],
     "Forestal": [
       338
     ],
     "Refugio": [
       342
     ],
     "Fauna": [
       344
     ],
     "Silvestre": [
       345
     ],
     "Nacional": [
       348
     ],
     "Hakalau.": [
       350
     ],
     "determinada": [
       355
     ],
     "trav\u00e9s": [
       357
     ],
     "serolog\u00eda": [
       359
     ],
     "microscop\u00eda": [
       361
     ],
     "vari\u00f3": [
       362,
       389
     ],
     "con": [
       363,
       390,
       472,
       517
     ],
     "altitud": [
       365
     ],
     "entre": [
       366,
       393,
       493
     ],
     "lesiones": [
       381,
       421,
       432,
       473
     ],
     "tipo": [
       383,
       423,
       434,
       475
     ],
     "aviar": [
       387,
       438,
       479,
       519,
       537
     ],
     "tambi\u00e9n": [
       388,
       480
     ],
     "altitud,": [
       392
     ],
     "1839": [
       403
     ],
     "especies": [
       406,
       409,
       446,
       561
     ],
     "nativas.": [
       407
     ],
     "Las": [
       408
     ],
     "tuvieron": [
       411
     ],
     "m\u00e1s": [
       413
     ],
     "alta": [
       414,
       468
     ],
     "anticuerpos": [
       417
     ],
     "contra": [
       418
     ],
     "aviar.": [
       427
     ],
     "De": [
       428
     ],
     "modo": [
       429
     ],
     "contrastante,": [
       430
     ],
     "detectaron": [
       441
     ],
     "individuos": [
       443,
       455
     ],
     "cuatro": [
       445
     ],
     "s\u00f3lo": [
       450
     ],
     "los": [
       454
     ],
     "especie": [
       458
     ],
     "Zosterops": [
       459
     ],
     "japonicus": [
       460
     ],
     "fue": [
       461
     ],
     "positivo": [
       462
     ],
     "Una": [
       465
     ],
     "proporci\u00f3n": [
       466
     ],
     "significativamente": [
       467
     ],
     "presentaron": [
       481
     ],
     "evidencia": [
       482
     ],
     "serol\u00f3gica": [
       483
     ],
     "infecciones": [
       485
     ],
     "cr\u00f3nicas": [
       486
     ],
     "simult\u00e1neas,": [
       489
     ],
     "sugiriendo": [
       490
     ],
     "una": [
       491
     ],
     "interacci\u00f3n": [
       492
     ],
     "enfermedades,": [
       496
     ],
     "transmisi\u00f3n": [
       497
     ],
     "por": [
       502
     ],
     "principal": [
       505
     ],
     "(el": [
       506
     ],
     "Culex": [
       508
     ],
     "o": [
       510
     ],
     "recuperaci\u00f3n": [
       511
     ],
     "completa": [
       512
     ],
     "algunas": [
       514
     ],
     "infectadas": [
       516
     ],
     "sin": [
       520
     ],
     "p\u00e9rdida": [
       522
     ],
     "dedos.": [
       524
     ],
     "Los": [
       525
     ],
     "resultados": [
       526
     ],
     "este": [
       528,
       539
     ],
     "estudio": [
       529
     ],
     "documentan": [
       530
     ],
     "altas": [
       531
     ],
     "prevalencias": [
       532
     ],
     "refugio.": [
       540,
       577
     ],
     "El": [
       541
     ],
     "desarrollo": [
       542
     ],
     "estrategias": [
       544
     ],
     "ser\u00e1": [
       550
     ],
     "importante": [
       551
     ],
     "restauraci\u00f3n": [
       554
     ],
     "poblaciones": [
       557
     ],
     "remanentes": [
       558
     ],
     "peligro": [
       563
     ],
     "Hemignathus": [
       564
     ],
     "munroi,": [
       565
     ],
     "Oreomystis": [
       566
     ],
     "mana,": [
       567
     ],
     "Loxops": [
       569
     ],
     "que": [
       572
     ],
     "a\u00fan": [
       573
     ],
     "existen": [
       574
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5014686260",
         "display_name": "Carter T. Atkinson",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-5335"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Carter T. Atkinson",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5032968042",
         "display_name": "Julie K. Lease",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Julie K. Lease",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, Pacific Island Ecosystems Research Center, P.O. Box 218, Hawaii National Park, HI 96718",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5064838418",
         "display_name": "Robert J. Dusek",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-7479"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
           "display_name": "National Wildlife Health Center",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/038d10y34",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "healthcare",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210131920"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Robert J. Dusek",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Biological Resources Discipline, National Wildlife Health Center, 6006 Schroeder Road, Madison, WI 53711",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210131920",
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5018114066",
         "display_name": "Michael D. Samuel",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4267-2724"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Michael D. Samuel",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey\u2013Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537",
     "pdf_url": "https://academic.oup.com/condor/article-pdf/107/3/537/29713122/condor0537.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S188482970",
       "display_name": "Ornithological Applications",
       "issn_l": "0010-5422",
       "issn": [
         "0010-5422",
         "1938-5129"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310311648",
       "host_organization_name": "Oxford University Press",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310311647",
         "https://openalex.org/P4310311648"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "University of Oxford",
         "Oxford University Press"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "107",
     "issue": "3",
     "first_page": "537",
     "last_page": "546"
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.582002,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W4254850138",
   "cited_by_count": 20,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 87,
     "max": 88
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778048844",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12156",
       "display_name": "Malaria",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6440596
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2781277250",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2663527",
       "display_name": "Avian malaria",
       "level": 5,
       "score": 0.49551547
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
       "display_name": "Biology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.47392282
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C45189115",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502159",
       "display_name": "Serology",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.46565798
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C29376679",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741",
       "display_name": "Wildlife",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.42076066
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C42972112",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201",
       "display_name": "Veterinary medicine",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.3940764
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
       "display_name": "Ecology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.383704
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C90856448",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431",
       "display_name": "Zoology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.32781246
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.32497326
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C71924100",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190",
       "display_name": "Medicine",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.22414288
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C159654299",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79460",
       "display_name": "Antibody",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.15069488
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C203014093",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929",
       "display_name": "Immunology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.10503125
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2778371730",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q311383",
       "display_name": "Plasmodium falciparum",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C99389464",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3319949",
       "display_name": "Gametocyte",
       "level": 4,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [],
   "countries_distinct_count": 1,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2024,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 6
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 5
     },
     {
       "year": 2020,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2016,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2022-05-12",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Prevalence of Pox-Like Lesions and Malaria in Forest Bird Communities on Leeward Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537",
   "fwci": 0.453,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": false,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W4254850138",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W4254850138",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 2,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/avian-malaria",
       "display_name": "Avian Malaria",
       "score": 0.446926
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537",
       "pdf_url": "https://academic.oup.com/condor/article-pdf/107/3/537/29713122/condor0537.pdf",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S188482970",
         "display_name": "Ornithological Applications",
         "issn_l": "0010-5422",
         "issn": [
           "0010-5422",
           "1938-5129"
         ],
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310311648",
         "host_organization_name": "Oxford University Press",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310311647",
           "https://openalex.org/P4310311648"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "University of Oxford",
           "Oxford University Press"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 1,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W4254850138/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "oa_status": "bronze",
     "oa_url": "https://academic.oup.com/condor/article-pdf/107/3/537/29713122/condor0537.pdf",
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/107.3.537",
     "pdf_url": "https://academic.oup.com/condor/article-pdf/107/3/537/29713122/condor0537.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S188482970",
       "display_name": "Ornithological Applications",
       "issn_l": "0010-5422",
       "issn": [
         "0010-5422",
         "1938-5129"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310311648",
       "host_organization_name": "Oxford University Press",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310311647",
         "https://openalex.org/P4310311648"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "University of Oxford",
         "Oxford University Press"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T12178",
     "display_name": "Malaria Parasites in Birds",
     "score": 1.0,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2405",
       "display_name": "Parasitology"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/24",
       "display_name": "Immunology and Microbiology"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
       "display_name": "Life Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2005-08-01",
   "publication_year": 2005,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W2032766028",
     "https://openalex.org/W2041537543",
     "https://openalex.org/W2042287594",
     "https://openalex.org/W2049220238",
     "https://openalex.org/W2057458346",
     "https://openalex.org/W2090445407",
     "https://openalex.org/W2102002701",
     "https://openalex.org/W2153383033",
     "https://openalex.org/W2173501111",
     "https://openalex.org/W2321289336",
     "https://openalex.org/W2476533557",
     "https://openalex.org/W2594717112",
     "https://openalex.org/W30724632",
     "https://openalex.org/W3215977569",
     "https://openalex.org/W4233645249",
     "https://openalex.org/W4245878013",
     "https://openalex.org/W4246202450",
     "https://openalex.org/W4248097481",
     "https://openalex.org/W4299343195"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 19,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W4246531186",
     "https://openalex.org/W3160599924",
     "https://openalex.org/W279465854",
     "https://openalex.org/W2418772032",
     "https://openalex.org/W2415437585",
     "https://openalex.org/W2150097750",
     "https://openalex.org/W2053487893",
     "https://openalex.org/W2032030296",
     "https://openalex.org/W2020962505",
     "https://openalex.org/W1979328223"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "display_name": "Life on land",
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15",
       "score": 0.68
     }
   ],
   "title": "Prevalence of Pox-Like Lesions and Malaria in Forest Bird Communities on Leeward Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawaii",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12178",
       "display_name": "Malaria Parasites in Birds",
       "score": 1.0,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2405",
         "display_name": "Parasitology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/24",
         "display_name": "Immunology and Microbiology"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
         "display_name": "Life Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10296",
       "display_name": "Tick-Borne Diseases and Pathogens Transmission",
       "score": 0.9985,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2405",
         "display_name": "Parasitology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/24",
         "display_name": "Immunology and Microbiology"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
         "display_name": "Life Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12047",
       "display_name": "Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Zoonotic Infections",
       "score": 0.9979,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2725",
         "display_name": "Infectious Diseases"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/27",
         "display_name": "Medicine"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/4",
         "display_name": "Health Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-14T21:54:55.429229",
   "versions": []
 }

}