Item talk:Q248969
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Use of naturally occurring mercury to determine the importance of cutthroat trout to Yellowstone grizzly bears",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70027529",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70027529"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70027529
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1139/z04-013",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-013"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ISSN",
"value": "00084301"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Canadian Journal of Zoology",
"volumeNumber": "82",
"issueNumber": "3"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Canadian Journal of Zoology"
}
],
"datePublished": "2004",
"dateModified": "2019-11-11",
"abstract": "Spawning cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki\u00a0(Richardson, 1836)) are a potentially important food resource for grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis\u00a0Ord, 1815) in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. We developed a method to estimate the amount of cutthroat trout ingested by grizzly bears living in the Yellowstone Lake area. The method utilized (i) the relatively high, naturally occurring concentration of mercury in Yellowstone Lake cutthroat trout (508 \u00b1 93 ppb) and its virtual absence in all other bear foods (6 ppb), (ii) hair snares to remotely collect hair from bears visiting spawning cutthroat trout streams between 1997 and 2000, (iii) DNA analyses to identify the individual and sex of grizzly bears leaving a hair sample, (iv) feeding trials with captive bears to develop relationships between fish and mercury intake and hair mercury concentrations, and (v) mercury analyses of hair collected from wild bears to estimate the amount of trout consumed by each bear. Male grizzly bears consumed an average of 5 times more trout/kg bear than did female grizzly bears. Estimated cutthroat trout intake per year by the grizzly bear population was only a small fraction of that estimated by previous investigators, and males consumed 92% of all trout ingested by grizzly bears.",
"description": "9 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Canadian Science Publishing"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Felicetti, L.A.",
"givenName": "L.A.",
"familyName": "Felicetti",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Washington State University, Pullman"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Schwartz, C.C.",
"givenName": "C.C.",
"familyName": "Schwartz"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Gunther, K.A.",
"givenName": "K.A.",
"familyName": "Gunther"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Crock, J. G.",
"givenName": "J. G.",
"familyName": "Crock"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Robbins, C.T.",
"givenName": "C.T.",
"familyName": "Robbins"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Rye, R. O.",
"givenName": "R. O.",
"familyName": "Rye"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Waits, L.",
"givenName": "L.",
"familyName": "Waits"
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Haroldson, M.A.",
"givenName": "M.A.",
"familyName": "Haroldson",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0002-7457-7676",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676"
}
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/norock"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Rocky Mountain Geographic Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/programs/national-geospatial-program"
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United States",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "state",
"name": "Wyoming"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "state",
"name": "Montana"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "state",
"name": "Idaho"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "unknown",
"name": "Yellowstone National Park"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"geo": [
{
"@type": "GeoShape",
"additionalProperty": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"name": "GeoJSON",
"value": {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"geometry": {
"type": "Polygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
-111.0466,
43.9855
],
[
-111.0658,
43.9824
],
[
-111.0724,
43.978
],
[
-111.0814,
43.976
],
[
-111.0865,
43.9752
],
[
-111.0898,
43.973
],
[
-111.095,
43.9722
],
[
-111.1098,
43.9685
],
[
-111.1235,
43.9611
],
[
-111.1325,
43.9595
],
[
-111.1331,
43.959
],
[
-111.137,
43.9582
],
[
-111.1392,
43.9528
],
[
-111.1525,
43.9536
],
[
-111.1649,
43.9462
],
[
-111.1747,
43.9409
],
[
-111.1897,
43.9322
],
[
-111.1954,
43.9337
],
[
-111.2004,
43.9357
],
[
-111.204,
43.9389
],
[
-111.205,
43.9445
],
[
-111.2128,
43.941
],
[
-111.2321,
43.9492
],
[
-111.2367,
43.9475
],
[
-111.2393,
43.9448
],
[
-111.2464,
43.9441
],
[
-111.249,
43.941
],
[
-111.2536,
43.9393
],
[
-111.2573,
43.9407
],
[
-111.267,
43.9382
],
[
-111.2768,
43.9321
],
[
-111.2834,
43.9272
],
[
-111.2918,
43.9229
],
[
-111.302,
43.9231
],
[
-111.3052,
43.9227
],
[
-111.3109,
43.9233
],
[
-111.3235,
43.9259
],
[
-111.3282,
43.9329
],
[
-111.3311,
43.9389
],
[
-111.3367,
43.9422
],
[
-111.3476,
43.9393
],
[
-111.3493,
43.9452
],
[
-111.3523,
43.9485
],
[
-111.3587,
43.9468
],
[
-111.3665,
43.9429
],
[
-111.3698,
43.9402
],
[
-111.3805,
43.9296
],
[
-111.392,
43.9275
],
[
-111.3997,
43.9254
],
[
-111.4102,
43.9193
],
[
-111.4199,
43.9159
],
[
-111.4218,
43.9146
],
[
-111.425,
43.9151
],
[
-111.43,
43.9166
],
[
-111.4332,
43.9157
],
[
-111.4472,
43.9161
],
[
-111.4654,
43.9197
],
[
-111.4815,
43.9301
],
[
-111.4935,
43.9317
],
[
-111.5084,
43.9243
],
[
-111.518,
43.9231
],
[
-111.5269,
43.9215
],
[
-111.5381,
43.9131
],
[
-111.5474,
43.9047
],
[
-111.5601,
43.9045
],
[
-111.5597,
43.884
],
[
-111.6968,
43.8838
],
[
-111.6962,
43.8983
],
[
-111.8373,
43.8972
],
[
-111.8361,
43.9258
],
[
-111.8958,
43.927
],
[
-111.9168,
43.927
],
[
-111.9765,
43.9258
],
[
-111.9766,
43.9404
],
[
-111.9774,
43.9705
],
[
-112.0378,
43.9703
],
[
-112.1573,
43.9706
],
[
-112.1564,
44.0148
],
[
-112.1566,
44.0289
],
[
-112.1555,
44.0581
],
[
-112.1327,
44.0577
],
[
-112.0328,
44.0572
],
[
-112.0334,
44.0727
],
[
-112.0334,
44.1443
],
[
-111.9334,
44.1442
],
[
-111.9117,
44.1447
],
[
-111.9106,
44.1912
],
[
-111.8767,
44.1914
],
[
-111.8557,
44.191
],
[
-111.856,
44.2321
],
[
-111.8515,
44.2324
],
[
-111.8505,
44.2434
],
[
-111.8505,
44.2584
],
[
-111.8495,
44.3163
],
[
-111.8112,
44.3169
],
[
-111.7901,
44.3169
],
[
-111.7895,
44.331
],
[
-111.7896,
44.3456
],
[
-111.7891,
44.357
],
[
-111.7887,
44.4003
],
[
-111.7208,
44.4008
],
[
-111.6134,
44.4008
],
[
-111.6134,
44.4163
],
[
-111.6154,
44.4879
],
[
-111.6167,
44.5491
],
[
-111.6102,
44.5514
],
[
-111.5993,
44.5577
],
[
-111.5944,
44.5602
],
[
-111.586,
44.5615
],
[
-111.5809,
44.5615
],
[
-111.5761,
44.5606
],
[
-111.5676,
44.5567
],
[
-111.5613,
44.5547
],
[
-111.5542,
44.5555
],
[
-111.5519,
44.5563
],
[
-111.5461,
44.5559
],
[
-111.5358,
44.5523
],
[
-111.5265,
44.547
],
[
-111.5237,
44.5444
],
[
-111.5179,
44.5377
],
[
-111.5144,
44.5361
],
[
-111.5118,
44.5356
],
[
-111.5076,
44.5367
],
[
-111.501,
44.5407
],
[
-111.4921,
44.5426
],
[
-111.4849,
44.5425
],
[
-111.4687,
44.5402
],
[
-111.4654,
44.5406
],
[
-111.463,
44.5425
],
[
-111.4648,
44.5471
],
[
-111.4659,
44.5527
],
[
-111.4672,
44.5546
],
[
-111.4685,
44.5556
],
[
-111.4779,
44.5547
],
[
-111.4916,
44.5609
],
[
-111.4968,
44.5617
],
[
-111.502,
44.5612
],
[
-111.5076,
44.5623
],
[
-111.5084,
44.563
],
[
-111.5092,
44.5645
],
[
-111.5048,
44.5699
],
[
-111.5053,
44.5741
],
[
-111.5152,
44.5815
],
[
-111.5184,
44.5857
],
[
-111.5214,
44.5919
],
[
-111.5225,
44.5971
],
[
-111.5232,
44.6077
],
[
-111.5212,
44.6147
],
[
-111.5188,
44.6168
],
[
-111.5107,
44.6222
],
[
-111.5068,
44.6261
],
[
-111.5051,
44.6295
],
[
-111.5064,
44.6316
],
[
-111.5091,
44.6339
],
[
-111.5121,
44.6373
],
[
-111.5149,
44.6397
],
[
-111.5156,
44.6421
],
[
-111.5141,
44.6446
],
[
-111.5118,
44.6449
],
[
-111.5066,
44.6448
],
[
-111.4936,
44.6428
],
[
-111.4908,
44.6442
],
[
-111.4885,
44.6471
],
[
-111.4859,
44.6494
],
[
-111.4817,
44.6541
],
[
-111.4737,
44.6647
],
[
-111.4717,
44.668
],
[
-111.4728,
44.675
],
[
-111.474,
44.6785
],
[
-111.4758,
44.6812
],
[
-111.4785,
44.6843
],
[
-111.4833,
44.6882
],
[
-111.4855,
44.6922
],
[
-111.4874,
44.7001
],
[
-111.4876,
44.7031
],
[
-111.4829,
44.7077
],
[
-111.4772,
44.7107
],
[
-111.4599,
44.7151
],
[
-111.442,
44.7209
],
[
-111.4383,
44.7219
],
[
-111.435,
44.7223
],
[
-111.4311,
44.7213
],
[
-111.4208,
44.7133
],
[
-111.4175,
44.7122
],
[
-111.411,
44.7129
],
[
-111.4024,
44.7195
],
[
-111.3982,
44.7262
],
[
-111.3967,
44.7441
],
[
-111.3955,
44.7464
],
[
-111.3948,
44.7486
],
[
-111.3928,
44.751
],
[
-111.388,
44.753
],
[
-111.3822,
44.7538
],
[
-111.3775,
44.7537
],
[
-111.3778,
44.8263
],
[
-111.3776,
44.9112
],
[
-111.3738,
44.9107
],
[
-111.3724,
44.9998
],
[
-111.3728,
45.1299
],
[
-111.3722,
45.1399
],
[
-111.373,
45.203
],
[
-111.3732,
45.2619
],
[
-111.3728,
45.3313
],
[
-111.373,
45.351
],
[
-111.3536,
45.3506
],
[
-111.3528,
45.4393
],
[
-111.3523,
45.4526
],
[
-111.3532,
45.5243
],
[
-111.3521,
45.6414
],
[
-111.5358,
45.6415
],
[
-111.536,
45.6566
],
[
-111.5582,
45.6564
],
[
-111.5584,
45.671
],
[
-111.5786,
45.6704
],
[
-111.5795,
45.685
],
[
-111.6003,
45.6848
],
[
-111.5993,
45.6995
],
[
-111.6214,
45.6993
],
[
-111.621,
45.7144
],
[
-111.6432,
45.7142
],
[
-111.6435,
45.7289
],
[
-111.6598,
45.7283
],
[
-111.6607,
45.7434
],
[
-111.7233,
45.7437
],
[
-111.7238,
45.7716
],
[
-111.7649,
45.7726
],
[
-111.7646,
45.7877
],
[
-111.8041,
45.7875
],
[
-111.8039,
45.7974
],
[
-111.7909,
45.7971
],
[
-111.7889,
45.7939
],
[
-111.7538,
45.8056
],
[
-111.7367,
45.7971
],
[
-111.7034,
45.797
],
[
-111.688,
45.8149
],
[
-111.6817,
45.8246
],
[
-111.6749,
45.8246
],
[
-111.6687,
45.8262
],
[
-111.6658,
45.8286
],
[
-111.6628,
45.8285
],
[
-111.6616,
45.8299
],
[
-111.6612,
45.8317
],
[
-111.6634,
45.8336
],
[
-111.6644,
45.8351
],
[
-111.6618,
45.8353
],
[
-111.6603,
45.8376
],
[
-111.6565,
45.8399
],
[
-111.6514,
45.8514
],
[
-111.643,
45.8528
],
[
-111.632,
45.8616
],
[
-111.6165,
45.8718
],
[
-111.6114,
45.8787
],
[
-111.6082,
45.8852
],
[
-111.6003,
45.8931
],
[
-111.5994,
45.8944
],
[
-111.5965,
45.8964
],
[
-111.5939,
45.8968
],
[
-111.5835,
45.8956
],
[
-111.5712,
45.8981
],
[
-111.5566,
45.9054
],
[
-111.5493,
45.9084
],
[
-111.5355,
45.9181
],
[
-111.5296,
45.9254
],
[
-111.5036,
45.9304
],
[
-111.4969,
45.9335
],
[
-111.4914,
45.9398
],
[
-111.4856,
45.9425
],
[
-111.4815,
45.9455
],
[
-111.48,
45.9473
],
[
-111.4738,
45.9504
],
[
-111.4698,
45.9516
],
[
-111.4638,
45.9627
],
[
-111.4635,
45.9637
],
[
-111.4616,
45.9664
],
[
-111.4625,
45.9683
],
[
-111.4622,
45.974
],
[
-111.464,
45.9819
],
[
-111.461,
45.9949
],
[
-111.458,
45.9982
],
[
-111.453,
45.9991
],
[
-111.4479,
45.9967
],
[
-111.4436,
45.9918
],
[
-111.4404,
45.9906
],
[
-111.4349,
45.9927
],
[
-111.42,
45.995
],
[
-111.4152,
45.9994
],
[
-111.4151,
46.0014
],
[
-111.4158,
46.0048
],
[
-111.4156,
46.0073
],
[
-111.4206,
46.0166
],
[
-111.4293,
46.0212
],
[
-111.4252,
46.0275
],
[
-111.4266,
46.0366
],
[
-111.4248,
46.0485
],
[
-111.4243,
46.0623
],
[
-111.4173,
46.071
],
[
-111.4101,
46.0766
],
[
-111.4052,
46.0872
],
[
-111.3923,
46.0922
],
[
-111.3925,
46.0985
],
[
-111.396,
46.1043
],
[
-111.3916,
46.109
],
[
-111.3888,
46.1081
],
[
-111.3868,
46.107
],
[
-111.3831,
46.106
],
[
-111.3785,
46.1136
],
[
-111.3499,
46.1239
],
[
-111.348,
46.1374
],
[
-111.346,
46.1882
],
[
-111.2823,
46.1873
],
[
-111.1581,
46.1879
],
[
-111.1582,
46.1925
],
[
-111.0557,
46.1925
],
[
-111.0104,
46.1922
],
[
-110.7825,
46.1933
],
[
-110.5789,
46.1913
],
[
-110.5264,
46.1913
],
[
-110.4062,
46.1904
],
[
-110.4068,
46.1844
],
[
-110.3031,
46.1852
],
[
-110.2821,
46.1847
],
[
-110.2815,
46.1596
],
[
-110.2816,
46.1348
],
[
-110.2901,
46.1344
],
[
-110.2904,
46.0447
],
[
-110.29,
45.9595
],
[
-110.2908,
45.9289
],
[
-110.2916,
45.8708
],
[
-110.2912,
45.7852
],
[
-110.2207,
45.7842
],
[
-110.2182,
45.6072
],
[
-110.2145,
45.5523
],
[
-110.2175,
45.4824
],
[
-110.2166,
45.37
],
[
-110.2167,
45.3494
],
[
-110.2297,
45.3494
],
[
-110.2286,
45.2946
],
[
-110.2275,
45.259
],
[
-110.2276,
45.2306
],
[
-110.227,
45.2051
],
[
-110.2271,
45.1763
],
[
-110.059,
45.1758
],
[
-109.7977,
45.1729
],
[
-109.7979,
45.0939
],
[
-109.7969,
45.003
],
[
-109.5543,
45.0038
],
[
-109.4263,
45.0037
],
[
-109.1756,
45.0042
],
[
-109.0827,
45.001
],
[
-108.8394,
45.0009
],
[
-108.742,
45.0015
],
[
-108.6207,
45.0012
],
[
-108.6188,
44.8743
],
[
-108.6181,
44.8606
],
[
-108.593,
44.8603
],
[
-108.5915,
44.696
],
[
-108.5922,
44.6258
],
[
-108.5914,
44.6112
],
[
-108.59,
44.5227
],
[
-108.574,
44.5223
],
[
-108.574,
44.4444
],
[
-108.5749,
44.401
],
[
-108.5745,
44.3564
],
[
-108.575,
44.3441
],
[
-108.5746,
44.2998
],
[
-108.5739,
44.2853
],
[
-108.573,
44.1832
],
[
-108.574,
44.1684
],
[
-108.5506,
44.1685
],
[
-108.5519,
44.0939
],
[
-108.5524,
44.0794
],
[
-108.5703,
44.0793
],
[
-108.611,
44.08
],
[
-108.6498,
44.0798
],
[
-108.6721,
44.0802
],
[
-108.6905,
44.0801
],
[
-108.7949,
44.0809
],
[
-108.7929,
44.0207
],
[
-108.7913,
43.9916
],
[
-108.8905,
43.9919
],
[
-108.9153,
43.9917
],
[
-108.9145,
43.9348
],
[
-108.9137,
43.9211
],
[
-108.9135,
43.9056
],
[
-108.9357,
43.9055
],
[
-108.977,
43.9047
],
[
-108.9903,
43.9051
],
[
-109.0341,
43.9043
],
[
-109.09,
43.9047
],
[
-109.0898,
43.8947
],
[
-109.0842,
43.8183
],
[
-109.1539,
43.8158
],
[
-109.3098,
43.8144
],
[
-109.317,
43.8243
],
[
-109.3222,
43.8343
],
[
-109.3478,
43.8464
],
[
-109.3535,
43.8468
],
[
-109.3624,
43.8444
],
[
-109.3656,
43.8453
],
[
-109.3701,
43.8493
],
[
-109.372,
43.8502
],
[
-109.3733,
43.8529
],
[
-109.3735,
43.8593
],
[
-109.3742,
43.8611
],
[
-109.3729,
43.8643
],
[
-109.375,
43.8707
],
[
-109.3757,
43.8748
],
[
-109.3783,
43.8779
],
[
-109.3796,
43.8806
],
[
-109.3835,
43.8847
],
[
-109.4092,
43.8981
],
[
-109.41,
43.9081
],
[
-109.4248,
43.9152
],
[
-109.4369,
43.9197
],
[
-109.4416,
43.9305
],
[
-109.4531,
43.9327
],
[
-109.4652,
43.9367
],
[
-109.4693,
43.9494
],
[
-109.4764,
43.9548
],
[
-109.4947,
43.95
],
[
-109.5042,
43.9444
],
[
-109.5084,
43.9366
],
[
-109.5205,
43.9374
],
[
-109.5302,
43.9428
],
[
-109.5386,
43.9522
],
[
-109.5496,
43.9594
],
[
-109.561,
43.9565
],
[
-109.5659,
43.9524
],
[
-109.5703,
43.9468
],
[
-109.5765,
43.9422
],
[
-109.5834,
43.9389
],
[
-109.5879,
43.9389
],
[
-109.5995,
43.9488
],
[
-109.6059,
43.9496
],
[
-109.609,
43.9468
],
[
-109.6108,
43.94
],
[
-109.6106,
43.9345
],
[
-109.6124,
43.9295
],
[
-109.6313,
43.9229
],
[
-109.6496,
43.9181
],
[
-109.6545,
43.9089
],
[
-109.6563,
43.9048
],
[
-109.654,
43.8912
],
[
-109.6614,
43.8806
],
[
-109.6713,
43.8704
],
[
-109.6696,
43.8513
],
[
-109.663,
43.8432
],
[
-109.6686,
43.8395
],
[
-109.6895,
43.837
],
[
-109.7117,
43.8358
],
[
-109.7256,
43.8333
],
[
-109.7281,
43.8324
],
[
-109.7539,
43.8256
],
[
-109.7688,
43.8122
],
[
-109.7845,
43.8084
],
[
-109.8047,
43.8049
],
[
-109.8208,
43.8129
],
[
-109.8459,
43.8276
],
[
-109.8537,
43.8325
],
[
-109.859,
43.8415
],
[
-109.8548,
43.8493
],
[
-109.8402,
43.8509
],
[
-109.8264,
43.8584
],
[
-109.8227,
43.8621
],
[
-109.8353,
43.8783
],
[
-109.829,
43.8825
],
[
-109.823,
43.8949
],
[
-109.839,
43.8983
],
[
-109.8564,
43.909
],
[
-109.8585,
43.918
],
[
-109.8575,
43.9258
],
[
-109.8589,
43.9313
],
[
-109.8671,
43.9307
],
[
-109.8698,
43.9334
],
[
-109.868,
43.9407
],
[
-109.8593,
43.9458
],
[
-109.8538,
43.9537
],
[
-109.856,
43.9636
],
[
-109.8578,
43.9609
],
[
-109.869,
43.9534
],
[
-109.8716,
43.9543
],
[
-109.8836,
43.9519
],
[
-109.895,
43.9485
],
[
-109.9197,
43.9495
],
[
-109.9306,
43.9516
],
[
-109.9415,
43.9547
],
[
-109.9505,
43.9586
],
[
-109.9582,
43.9613
],
[
-109.974,
43.9588
],
[
-109.9829,
43.9563
],
[
-109.9948,
43.9521
],
[
-110.0024,
43.952
],
[
-110.0101,
43.9555
],
[
-110.0116,
43.9618
],
[
-110.0117,
43.9664
],
[
-110.0151,
43.9718
],
[
-110.019,
43.974
],
[
-110.0223,
43.9794
],
[
-110.0269,
43.9853
],
[
-110.0296,
43.9912
],
[
-110.0304,
43.9953
],
[
-110.0357,
44.002
],
[
-110.0415,
44.0056
],
[
-110.0553,
44.0061
],
[
-110.0545,
43.4666
],
[
-110.0547,
43.452
],
[
-110.0538,
43.3797
],
[
-110.1584,
43.3798
],
[
-110.3456,
43.3807
],
[
-110.3457,
43.2938
],
[
-110.5824,
43.2939
],
[
-110.5774,
43.2353
],
[
-110.813,
43.2357
],
[
-110.8178,
43.2945
],
[
-110.8964,
43.2937
],
[
-110.9285,
43.293
],
[
-110.9276,
43.3148
],
[
-110.9716,
43.3148
],
[
-111.0436,
43.3136
],
[
-111.0439,
43.4998
],
[
-111.0449,
43.5005
],
[
-111.0449,
43.5503
],
[
-111.0453,
43.5695
],
[
-111.0455,
43.7275
],
[
-111.0466,
43.9855
]
]
]
},
"properties": {
"name": "Fremont",
"state": "ID"
}
}
]
}
}
},
{
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": 44.656003370779665,
"longitude": -110.37875952366429
}
]
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"Spawning": [
0
],
"cutthroat": [
1,
35,
62,
92,
171
],
"trout": [
2,
36,
63,
93,
148,
172,
198
],
"(Oncorhynchus": [
3
],
"clarki": [
4
],
"(Richardson,": [
5
],
"1836))": [
6
],
"are": [
7
],
"a": [
8,
28,
112,
183
],
"potentially": [
9
],
"important": [
10
],
"food": [
11
],
"resource": [
12
],
"for": [
13
],
"grizzly": [
14,
39,
109,
154,
168,
178,
201
],
"bears": [
15,
40,
89,
110,
120,
142,
155
],
"(Ursus": [
16
],
"arctos": [
17
],
"horribilis": [
18
],
"Ord,": [
19
],
"1815)": [
20
],
"in": [
21,
42,
59,
72
],
"the": [
22,
32,
43,
51,
104,
145,
177
],
"Greater": [
23
],
"Yellowstone": [
24,
44,
60
],
"Ecosystem.": [
25
],
"We": [
26
],
"developed": [
27
],
"method": [
29,
48
],
"to": [
30,
84,
102,
121,
143
],
"estimate": [
31,
144
],
"amount": [
33,
146
],
"of": [
34,
57,
108,
137,
147,
159,
186,
196
],
"ingested": [
37,
199
],
"by": [
38,
150,
176,
189,
200
],
"living": [
41
],
"Lake": [
45,
61
],
"area.": [
46
],
"The": [
47
],
"utilized": [
49
],
"(i)": [
50
],
"relatively": [
52
],
"high,": [
53
],
"naturally": [
54
],
"occurring": [
55
],
"concentration": [
56
],
"mercury": [
58,
127,
131,
135
],
"(508": [
64
],
"\u00b1": [
65
],
"93": [
66
],
"ppb)": [
67
],
"and": [
68,
97,
106,
126,
129,
133,
192
],
"its": [
69
],
"virtual": [
70
],
"absence": [
71
],
"all": [
73,
197
],
"other": [
74
],
"bear": [
75,
164,
179
],
"foods": [
76
],
"([Formula:": [
77
],
"see": [
78
],
"text]6": [
79
],
"ppb),": [
80
],
"(ii)": [
81
],
"hair": [
82,
87,
113,
130,
138
],
"snares": [
83
],
"remotely": [
85
],
"collect": [
86
],
"from": [
88,
140
],
"visiting": [
90
],
"spawning": [
91
],
"streams": [
94
],
"between": [
95,
124
],
"1997": [
96
],
"2000,": [
98
],
"(iii)": [
99
],
"DNA": [
100
],
"analyses": [
101,
136
],
"identify": [
103
],
"individual": [
105
],
"sex": [
107
],
"leaving": [
111
],
"sample,": [
114
],
"(iv)": [
115
],
"feeding": [
116
],
"trials": [
117
],
"with": [
118
],
"captive": [
119
],
"develop": [
122
],
"relationships": [
123
],
"fish": [
125
],
"intake": [
128,
173
],
"concentrations,": [
132
],
"(v)": [
134
],
"collected": [
139
],
"wild": [
141
],
"consumed": [
149,
156,
194
],
"each": [
151
],
"bear.": [
152
],
"Male": [
153
],
"an": [
157
],
"average": [
158
],
"5": [
160
],
"times": [
161
],
"more": [
162
],
"trout/kg": [
163
],
"than": [
165
],
"did": [
166
],
"female": [
167
],
"bears.": [
169,
202
],
"Estimated": [
170
],
"per": [
174
],
"year": [
175
],
"population": [
180
],
"was": [
181
],
"only": [
182
],
"small": [
184
],
"fraction": [
185
],
"that": [
187
],
"estimated": [
188
],
"previous": [
190
],
"investigators,": [
191
],
"males": [
193
],
"92%": [
195
]
},
"apc_list": null,
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5071364767",
"display_name": "Laura Felicetti",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Laura A Felicetti",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067209378",
"display_name": "Charles C. Schwartz",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Charles C Schwartz",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5043531351",
"display_name": "Robert O. Rye",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Robert O Rye",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5081418998",
"display_name": "Kerry A. Gunther",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Kerry A Gunther",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5040901340",
"display_name": "J.G. Crock",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "James G Crock",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5075216172",
"display_name": "Mark A. Haroldson",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7457-7676"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Mark A Haroldson",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5088080829",
"display_name": "Lisette P. Waits",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1323-0812"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Lisette Waits",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5073923738",
"display_name": "Charles T. Robbins",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3130-7107"
},
"institutions": [],
"countries": [],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Charles T Robbins",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [],
"affiliations": []
}
],
"best_oa_location": null,
"biblio": {
"volume": "82",
"issue": "3",
"first_page": "493",
"last_page": "501"
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.88868,
"is_in_top_1_percent": false,
"is_in_top_10_percent": false
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1974045219",
"cited_by_count": 77,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 95,
"max": 96
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908882067",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171004",
"display_name": "Grizzly Bears",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.965141
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779363728",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2258881",
"display_name": "Trout",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.913833
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776653109",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243359",
"display_name": "Ursus",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.7390625
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779140988",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133325",
"display_name": "Oncorhynchus",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.65971136
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C505870484",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538",
"display_name": "Fishery",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.63026565
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C86803240",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
"display_name": "Biology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.60104644
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C18903297",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
"display_name": "Ecology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5073857
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2908647359",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603",
"display_name": "Population",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4895452
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2779911052",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184238",
"display_name": "Salmonidae",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.47476792
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777887337",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q548682",
"display_name": "Salvelinus",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.43397772
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2994167347",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187986",
"display_name": "Rainbow trout",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.4233926
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2777777548",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206040",
"display_name": "Mercury (programming language)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.42173254
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C90856448",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431",
"display_name": "Zoology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35445732
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2909208804",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127282",
"display_name": "Fish <Actinopterygii>",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.22689468
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C149923435",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732",
"display_name": "Demography",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.05124569
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C144024400",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201",
"display_name": "Sociology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C41008148",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198",
"display_name": "Computer science",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199360897",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143",
"display_name": "Programming language",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [],
"countries_distinct_count": 0,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 5
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2021,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 38
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2018,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2015,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2014,
"cited_by_count": 3
},
{
"year": 2013,
"cited_by_count": 4
},
{
"year": 2012,
"cited_by_count": 1
}
],
"created_date": "2016-06-24",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Use of naturally occurring mercury to determine the importance of cutthroat trout to Yellowstone grizzly bears",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-013",
"fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
"fwci": 2.368,
"grants": [],
"has_fulltext": true,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W1974045219",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1974045219",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-013",
"mag": "1974045219"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 0,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/grizzly-bears",
"display_name": "Grizzly Bears",
"score": 0.965141
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-selection",
"display_name": "Habitat Selection",
"score": 0.48202
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/mercury",
"display_name": "Mercury (programming language)",
"score": 0.42173254
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-013",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S146329739",
"display_name": "Canadian Journal of Zoology",
"issn_l": "0008-4301",
"issn": [
"0008-4301",
"1480-3283"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310313060",
"host_organization_name": "NRC Research Press",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310313060"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"NRC Research Press"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 1,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W1974045219/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": false,
"oa_status": "closed",
"oa_url": null,
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1139/z04-013",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S146329739",
"display_name": "Canadian Journal of Zoology",
"issn_l": "0008-4301",
"issn": [
"0008-4301",
"1480-3283"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310313060",
"host_organization_name": "NRC Research Press",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310313060"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"NRC Research Press"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10199",
"display_name": "Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Biology",
"score": 0.9994,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2004-03-01",
"publication_year": 2004,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W1483577629",
"https://openalex.org/W1534514546",
"https://openalex.org/W1965561968",
"https://openalex.org/W1968884639",
"https://openalex.org/W1985441843",
"https://openalex.org/W1990253003",
"https://openalex.org/W1992274593",
"https://openalex.org/W1994452206",
"https://openalex.org/W1999630962",
"https://openalex.org/W2020396676",
"https://openalex.org/W2026114721",
"https://openalex.org/W2048265069",
"https://openalex.org/W2049999278",
"https://openalex.org/W2058066409",
"https://openalex.org/W2064766823",
"https://openalex.org/W2069869454",
"https://openalex.org/W2073533334",
"https://openalex.org/W2104264450",
"https://openalex.org/W2107111142",
"https://openalex.org/W2108491636",
"https://openalex.org/W2180663443",
"https://openalex.org/W2185596443",
"https://openalex.org/W2415119313",
"https://openalex.org/W2567238757",
"https://openalex.org/W2917399354",
"https://openalex.org/W4235649932",
"https://openalex.org/W4361745705",
"https://openalex.org/W84486895",
"https://openalex.org/W94875939"
],
"referenced_works_count": 29,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W4234340285",
"https://openalex.org/W3118272468",
"https://openalex.org/W2892679380",
"https://openalex.org/W2801880861",
"https://openalex.org/W2618196277",
"https://openalex.org/W2155540261",
"https://openalex.org/W2154589453",
"https://openalex.org/W2110616414",
"https://openalex.org/W1911415378",
"https://openalex.org/W1536681555"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [],
"title": "Use of naturally occurring mercury to determine the importance of cutthroat trout to Yellowstone grizzly bears",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10199",
"display_name": "Wildlife Ecology and Conservation Biology",
"score": 0.9994,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T14039",
"display_name": "Ecological Impact of Beaver Activities on Ecosystems",
"score": 0.9945,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
"display_name": "Ecology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10302",
"display_name": "Importance and Conservation of Freshwater Biodiversity",
"score": 0.9928,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2309",
"display_name": "Nature and Landscape Conservation"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-12T05:19:11.556505",
"versions": []
}
}
