Item talk:Q239224
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Density-driven free-convection model for isotopically fractionated geogenic nitrate in sabkha brine",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70187120",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70187120"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70187120
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1111/gwat.12463",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12463"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Groundwater",
"volumeNumber": "55",
"issueNumber": "2"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Groundwater"
}
],
"datePublished": "2017",
"dateModified": "2018-08-09",
"abstract": "Subsurface brines with high nitrate (NO3\u2212) concentration are common in desert environments as atmospheric nitrogen is concentrated by the evaporation of precipitation and little nitrogen uptake. However, in addition to having an elevated mean concentration of \u223c525 mg/L (as N), NO3\u2212 in the coastal sabkhas of Abu Dhabi is enriched in 15N (mean \u03b415N \u223c17\u2030), which is an enigma. A NO3\u2212 solute mass balance analysis of the sabkha aquifer system suggests that more than 90% of the nitrogen is from local atmospheric deposition and the remainder from ascending brine. In contrast, isotopic mass balances based on \u039417O, \u03b415N, and \u03b418O data suggest approximately 80 to 90% of the NO3\u2212 could be from ascending brine. As the sabkha has essentially no soil, no vegetation, and no anthropogenic land or water use, we propose to resolve this apparent contradiction with a density-driven free-convection transport model. In this conceptual model, the density of rain is increased by solution of surface salts, transporting near-surface oxygenated NO3\u2212 bearing water downward where it encounters reducing conditions and mixes with oxygen-free ascending geologic brines. In this environment, NO3\u2212 is partially reduced to nitrogen gas (N2), thus enriching the remaining NO3\u2212 in heavy isotopes. The isotopically fractionated NO3\u2212 and nitrogen gas return to the near-surface oxidizing environment on the upward displacement leg of the free-convection cycle, where the nitrogen gas is released to the atmosphere and new NO3\u2212 is added to the system from atmospheric deposition. This recharge/recycling process has operated over many cycles in the 8000-year history of the shallow aquifer, progressively concentrating and isotopically fractionating the NO3\u2212.",
"description": "9 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Wiley"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "B\u00f6hlke, John K. jkbohlke@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "John K.",
"familyName": "B\u00f6hlke",
"email": "jkbohlke@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0001-5693-6455",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Hydro-Ecological Interactions Branch",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "WMA - Earth System Processes Division",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Research Program - Eastern Branch",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Wood, Warren W.",
"givenName": "Warren W.",
"familyName": "Wood",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Michigan State University"
}
]
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "National Research Program - Eastern Branch",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center"
},
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Toxic Substances Hydrology Program",
"url": null
}
],
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United Arab Emirates",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4138544"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"geo": [
{
"@type": "GeoShape",
"additionalProperty": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"name": "GeoJSON",
"value": {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {},
"geometry": {
"type": "Polygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
51.92138671874999,
23.88081490545854
],
[
54.84375,
23.88081490545854
],
[
54.84375,
24.93127614538456
],
[
51.92138671874999,
24.93127614538456
],
[
51.92138671874999,
23.88081490545854
]
]
]
}
}
]
}
}
},
{
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": 24.406045525421547,
"longitude": 53.38256835937499
}
]
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"Abstract": [
0
],
"Subsurface": [
1
],
"brines": [
2
],
"with": [
3,
156,
193
],
"high": [
4
],
"nitrate": [
5
],
"(NO": [
6
],
"3": [
7,
45,
70,
126,
181,
202,
218,
227,
259,
292
],
"\u2212": [
8,
46,
71,
127,
182,
203,
219,
228,
260,
293
],
")": [
9
],
"concentration": [
10,
38
],
"are": [
11
],
"common": [
12
],
"in": [
13,
31,
47,
56,
220,
277
],
"desert": [
14
],
"environments": [
15
],
"as": [
16
],
"atmospheric": [
17,
92,
267
],
"nitrogen": [
18,
28,
88,
208,
230,
249
],
"is": [
19,
54,
65,
89,
170,
204,
251,
261
],
"concentrated": [
20
],
"by": [
21,
172
],
"the": [
22,
48,
77,
87,
95,
124,
134,
166,
215,
234,
239,
244,
248,
254,
264,
278,
282,
290
],
"evaporation": [
23
],
"of": [
24,
39,
51,
76,
86,
123,
168,
174,
243,
281
],
"precipitation": [
25
],
"and": [
26,
94,
113,
142,
191,
229,
256,
287
],
"little": [
27
],
"uptake.": [
29
],
"However,": [
30
],
"addition": [
32
],
"to": [
33,
121,
151,
207,
233,
253,
263
],
"having": [
34
],
"an": [
35,
66
],
"elevated": [
36
],
"mean": [
37
],
"\u223c525": [
40
],
"mg/L": [
41
],
"(as": [
42
],
"N),": [
43
],
"NO": [
44,
69,
125,
180,
201,
217,
226,
258,
291
],
"coastal": [
49
],
"sabkhas": [
50
],
"Abu": [
52
],
"Dhabi": [
53
],
"enriched": [
55
],
"15": [
57,
61,
111
],
"N": [
58,
62
],
"(mean": [
59
],
"\u03b4": [
60,
110,
114
],
"\u223c17\u2030),": [
63
],
"which": [
64
],
"enigma.": [
67
],
"A": [
68
],
"solute": [
72
],
"mass": [
73,
103
],
"balance": [
74
],
"analysis": [
75
],
"sabkha": [
78,
135
],
"aquifer": [
79
],
"system": [
80,
265
],
"suggests": [
81
],
"that": [
82
],
"more": [
83
],
"than": [
84
],
"90%": [
85,
122
],
"from": [
90,
97,
130,
266
],
"local": [
91
],
"deposition": [
93
],
"remainder": [
96
],
"ascending": [
98,
131,
195
],
"brine.": [
99,
132
],
"In": [
100,
162,
198
],
"contrast,": [
101
],
"isotopic": [
102
],
"balances": [
104
],
"based": [
105
],
"on": [
106,
238
],
"\u0394": [
107
],
"17": [
108
],
"O,": [
109
],
"N,": [
112
],
"18": [
115
],
"O": [
116
],
"data": [
117
],
"suggest": [
118
],
"approximately": [
119
],
"80": [
120
],
"could": [
128
],
"be": [
129
],
"As": [
133
],
"has": [
136,
272
],
"essentially": [
137
],
"no": [
138,
140,
143
],
"soil,": [
139
],
"vegetation,": [
141
],
"anthropogenic": [
144
],
"land": [
145
],
"or": [
146
],
"water": [
147,
184
],
"use,": [
148
],
"we": [
149
],
"propose": [
150
],
"resolve": [
152
],
"this": [
153,
163,
199
],
"apparent": [
154
],
"contradiction": [
155
],
"a": [
157
],
"density\u2010driven": [
158
],
"free\u2010convection": [
159,
245
],
"transport": [
160
],
"model.": [
161
],
"conceptual": [
164
],
"model,": [
165
],
"density": [
167
],
"rain": [
169
],
"increased": [
171
],
"solution": [
173
],
"surface": [
175
],
"salts,": [
176
],
"transporting": [
177
],
"near\u2010surface": [
178,
235
],
"oxygenated": [
179
],
"bearing": [
183
],
"downward": [
185
],
"where": [
186,
247
],
"it": [
187
],
"encounters": [
188
],
"reducing": [
189
],
"conditions": [
190
],
"mixes": [
192
],
"oxygen\u2010free": [
194
],
"geologic": [
196
],
"brines.": [
197
],
"environment,": [
200
],
"partially": [
205
],
"reduced": [
206
],
"gas": [
209,
231,
250
],
"(N": [
210
],
"2": [
211
],
"),": [
212
],
"thus": [
213
],
"enriching": [
214
],
"remaining": [
216
],
"heavy": [
221
],
"isotopes.": [
222
],
"The": [
223
],
"isotopically": [
224,
288
],
"fractionated": [
225
],
"return": [
232
],
"oxidizing": [
236
],
"environment": [
237
],
"upward": [
240
],
"displacement": [
241
],
"leg": [
242
],
"cycle,": [
246
],
"released": [
252
],
"atmosphere": [
255
],
"new": [
257
],
"added": [
262
],
"deposition.": [
268
],
"This": [
269
],
"recharge/recycling": [
270
],
"process": [
271
],
"operated": [
273
],
"over": [
274
],
"many": [
275
],
"cycles": [
276
],
"8000\u2010year": [
279
],
"history": [
280
],
"shallow": [
283
],
"aquifer,": [
284
],
"progressively": [
285
],
"concentrating": [
286
],
"fractionating": [
289
],
".": [
294
]
},
"apc_list": null,
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5066910018",
"display_name": "Warren W. Wood",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3335-7597"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I87216513",
"display_name": "Michigan State University",
"ror": "https://ror.org/05hs6h993",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I87216513"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": true,
"raw_author_name": "Warren W. Wood",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department of Geologic Sciences Michigan State University 288 Farm Lane East Lansing MI 48824"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Geologic Sciences Michigan State University 288 Farm Lane East Lansing MI 48824",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I87216513"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020519397",
"display_name": "J. K. B\u00f6hlke",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5693-6455"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": true,
"raw_author_name": "J.K. B\u00f6hlke",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey 431 National Center Reston VA 20192"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey 431 National Center Reston VA 20192",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
}
],
"best_oa_location": null,
"biblio": {
"volume": "55",
"issue": "2",
"first_page": "199",
"last_page": "207"
},
"citation_normalized_percentile": {
"value": 0.726833,
"is_in_top_1_percent": false,
"is_in_top_10_percent": false
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2558261199",
"cited_by_count": 6,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 84,
"max": 85
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C537208039",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627",
"display_name": "Nitrogen",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6644425
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776957854",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214403",
"display_name": "Brine",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48806608
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C75622301",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791",
"display_name": "Aquifer",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.48654833
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C2776384668",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182168",
"display_name": "Nitrate",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.47927567
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
"display_name": "Geology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.46378672
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76177295",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598",
"display_name": "Groundwater",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.45157474
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329",
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.43689677
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C107872376",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355",
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.4165294
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C199289684",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353",
"display_name": "Mineralogy",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.35810947
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C76886044",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300",
"display_name": "Hydrology (agriculture)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.35631847
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C187320778",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
"display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/C178790620",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351",
"display_name": "Organic chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/A5066910018",
"https://openalex.org/A5020519397"
],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I87216513",
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
],
"countries_distinct_count": 1,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 1
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 1
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 1
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 2
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 1
}
],
"created_date": "2016-12-08",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Density\u2010Driven Free\u2010Convection Model for Isotopically Fractionated Geogenic Nitrate in Sabkha Brine",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12463",
"fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
"fwci": 0.736,
"grants": [],
"has_fulltext": true,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W2558261199",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2558261199",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12463",
"mag": "2558261199",
"pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27893932"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref",
"pubmed"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 2,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrate",
"display_name": "Nitrate",
"score": 0.526476
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/brine",
"display_name": "Brine",
"score": 0.48806608
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12463",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S53579087",
"display_name": "Ground Water",
"issn_l": "0017-467X",
"issn": [
"0017-467X",
"1745-6584"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
"host_organization_name": "Wiley",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Wiley"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27893932",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
"display_name": "PubMed",
"issn_l": null,
"issn": null,
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": false,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238",
"host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1299303238"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"National Institutes of Health"
],
"type": "repository"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 2,
"mesh": [
{
"descriptor_ui": "D004784",
"descriptor_name": "Environmental Monitoring",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": true
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D060587",
"descriptor_name": "Groundwater",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": true
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D012492",
"descriptor_name": "Salts",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": true
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D018481",
"descriptor_name": "Convection",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D009566",
"descriptor_name": "Nitrates",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D009584",
"descriptor_name": "Nitrogen",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D009587",
"descriptor_name": "Nitrogen Isotopes",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
},
{
"descriptor_ui": "D014874",
"descriptor_name": "Water Pollutants, Chemical",
"qualifier_ui": "",
"qualifier_name": null,
"is_major_topic": false
}
],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2558261199/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": false,
"oa_status": "closed",
"oa_url": null,
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/gwat.12463",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S53579087",
"display_name": "Ground Water",
"issn_l": "0017-467X",
"issn": [
"0017-467X",
"1745-6584"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
"host_organization_name": "Wiley",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"Wiley"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10398",
"display_name": "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation",
"score": 1.0,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2016-11-28",
"publication_year": 2016,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W1558870694",
"https://openalex.org/W1601154942",
"https://openalex.org/W1631086084",
"https://openalex.org/W1671517572",
"https://openalex.org/W1744826896",
"https://openalex.org/W1852441971",
"https://openalex.org/W1965583470",
"https://openalex.org/W1974282116",
"https://openalex.org/W1986962259",
"https://openalex.org/W1987639971",
"https://openalex.org/W1989114755",
"https://openalex.org/W1994049320",
"https://openalex.org/W1999832318",
"https://openalex.org/W2005584054",
"https://openalex.org/W2029583187",
"https://openalex.org/W2053123825",
"https://openalex.org/W2068844696",
"https://openalex.org/W2072887130",
"https://openalex.org/W2078957100",
"https://openalex.org/W2096418610",
"https://openalex.org/W2107398161",
"https://openalex.org/W2112013509",
"https://openalex.org/W2124725087",
"https://openalex.org/W2126160792",
"https://openalex.org/W2128710934",
"https://openalex.org/W2129974863",
"https://openalex.org/W2131186703",
"https://openalex.org/W2135555298",
"https://openalex.org/W2152416689",
"https://openalex.org/W2168854791",
"https://openalex.org/W4232659759",
"https://openalex.org/W94747610"
],
"referenced_works_count": 32,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W985732587",
"https://openalex.org/W3036980091",
"https://openalex.org/W2922239277",
"https://openalex.org/W2766681990",
"https://openalex.org/W2350422742",
"https://openalex.org/W2089984573",
"https://openalex.org/W2034460869",
"https://openalex.org/W2007103879",
"https://openalex.org/W1947007732",
"https://openalex.org/W1608852890"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [
{
"score": 0.84,
"display_name": "Life below water",
"id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"
}
],
"title": "Density\u2010Driven Free\u2010Convection Model for Isotopically Fractionated Geogenic Nitrate in Sabkha Brine",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10398",
"display_name": "Stable Isotope Analysis of Groundwater and Precipitation",
"score": 1.0,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1906",
"display_name": "Geochemistry and Petrology"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/19",
"display_name": "Earth and Planetary Sciences"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10894",
"display_name": "Groundwater Flow and Transport Modeling",
"score": 0.9988,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2305",
"display_name": "Environmental Engineering"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10995",
"display_name": "Anaerobic Methane Oxidation and Gas Hydrates",
"score": 0.9958,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2304",
"display_name": "Environmental Chemistry"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-09T19:22:22.036148",
"versions": []
}
}
