Item talk:Q234617
From geokb
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"name": "Shaping species with ephemeral boundaries: The distribution and genetic structure of desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in the Sonoran Desert region",
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"name": "Journal of Biogeography",
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"abstract": "Aim\nWe examine the role biogeographical features played in the evolution of Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) and test the hypothesis that\u00a0G.\u00a0morafkai\u00a0maintains genetically distinct lineages associated with different Sonoran Desert biomes. Increased knowledge of the past and present distribution of the Sonoran Desert region's biota provides insight into the forces that drive and maintain its biodiversity.\nLocation\nSonoran Desert biogeographical region; Sonora and Sinaloa, Mexico and Arizona, USA.\nMethods\nWe examined wild tortoises from Mexico (n\u00a0=\u00a0155) and Arizona (n\u00a0=\u00a078), spanning their known distribution. We used mtDNA sequences to reconstruct matrilineal relationships and 25 microsatellite (STR) loci for Bayesian analyses of gene flow. We performed clinal analyses on both mtDNA and STR loci to determine the position and amount of introgression where lineages co-occur. We used GIS to assess the association of genetic structuring with ecological features. We used these data in a hypothesis-driven approach to assess different models of how genetic diversity is maintained and distributed in\u00a0G.\u00a0morafkai.\nResults\nGopherus morafkai\u00a0was found to comprise genetically and geographically distinct \u2018Sonoran\u2019 and \u2018Sinaloan\u2019 lineages. Both lineages occurred in a relatively narrow zone of overlap in Sinaloan thornscrub, where it transitions into Sonoran desertscrub. Limited introgression occurred at the contact zone. The best-fit model suggests that these lineages diverged in parapatry where the distribution of genotypes is environment-dependent and introgression is inhibited by exogenous selection.\nMain conclusions\nThe historically shifting ecotone between tropical deciduous forest and Sonoran desertscrub appears to be a boundary that fostered divergence between parapatric lineages of tortoises. The sharp genetic cline between the two lineages suggests that periods of isolation in temporary refugia due to Pleistocene climatic cycling influenced divergence. Despite incomplete reproductive isolation, the Sonoran and Sinaloan lineages of\u00a0G.\u00a0morafkai\u00a0are on separate evolutionary trajectories.",
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