Item talk:Q234134
From geokb
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"name": "Status and conservation of interior Redband Trout in the western United States",
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"abstract": "In this article we describe the current status and conservation of interior (potamodromous) Redband Trout\u00a0Oncorhynchus mykiss\u00a0sspp. throughout its range in the western United States using extant data and expert opinion provided by fish managers. Redband Trout historically occupied 60,295\u00a0km of stream habitat and 152 natural lakes. Currently, Redband Trout occupy 25,417\u00a0km of stream habitat (42% of their historical range) and 124 lakes or reservoirs. Nonhybridized populations are assumed to occupy 11,695\u00a0km (46%) of currently occupied streams; however, fish from only 4,473\u00a0km (18%) have been genetically tested. Approximately 47% of the streams occupied by Redband Trout occur on private land, 45% on government lands, and 8% in protected areas. A total of 210 Redband Trout populations, occupying 15,252\u00a0km of stream habitat (60% of the current distribution) and 95,158 ha of lake habitat (52%), are being managed as \u201cconservation populations.\u201d Most conservation populations have been designated as weakly to strongly connected metapopulations (125; 60%) and occupy much more stream length (14,112\u00a0km; 93%) than isolated conservation populations (1,141\u00a0km; 7%). The primary threats to Redband Trout include invasive species, habitat degradation and fragmentation, and climate change. Although the historical distribution of interior Redband Trout has declined dramatically, we conclude that the species is not currently at imminent risk of extinction because it is still widely distributed with many populations isolated by physical barriers and active conservation efforts are occurring for many populations. However, the hybridization status of many populations has not been well quantified, and introgression may be more prevalent than documented here. We recommend (1) collecting additional genetic data and estimating distribution and abundance by means of a more rigorous spatial sampling design to reduce uncertainties, (2) collecting additional information to assess and predict the impacts of climate on populations, and (3) continuing to use this database to evaluate the status of Redband Trout and inform conservation efforts through time.",
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