Item talk:Q231310

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{

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   "name": "Mechanism of smoke-induced seed germination in a post-fire chaparral annual",
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     "name": "Journal of Ecology",
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   "abstract": "1\u200a\u200aSmoke-stimulated germination in the post-fire flora of California chaparral does not appear to be triggered by nitrate. Application of freshly prepared unbuffered KNO3\u00a0solutions (pH\u00a0c.\u00a06.2) failed to enhance germination of five populations of\u00a0Emmenanthe penduliflora\u00a0or one\u00a0Phacelia grandiflora\u00a0population, regardless of light or stratification conditions.2\u200a\u200aKNO3\u00a0buffered at acidic pH (or unbuffered solutions equilibrated with atmospheric CO2) did induce germination, but KNO3\u00a0solutions at pH 7 failed to induce germination. Induction of germination is therefore not due to the nitrate ion\u00a0per se, but rather to high [H+], although buffered controls gave weak germination at low pH, suggesting a role for H+\u00a0plus nitrate. However, other anions such as sulphate were equally as effective as nitrate at breaking dormancy.3\u200a\u200aThe germination response to KNO3\u00a0was affected by the type of filter paper used and this may be linked to differences in pH.4\u200a\u200aNO2, at concentrations present in biomass smoke, was highly effective at inducing germination, and other oxidizing agents also induced germination.5\u200a\u200aSeveral growth regulators, including nitrite and gibberellin, were stimulatory only at acidic pH, but KCN was stimulatory across a broad pH range.6\u200a\u200aGermination decreased at smoke exposures longer than a few minutes. Also, smoked water samples effective at breaking dormancy were acidic and were less effective when buffered to pH >7.7\u200a\u200aPhysical scarification of the seed coat induced germination but the effect was not due to penetration of a water barrier, or to enhanced oxygen uptake or to wound responses such as CO2\u00a0or ethylene production.8\u200a\u200aDifferent effects of the gibberellin inhibitor CCC (chlorocholine chloride) suggested that the mechanisms of scarification-induced and smoke-induced germination may differ.9\u200a\u200aWe conclude that either oxidizing gases in smoke and/or acids generated on burnt sites play a role in germination of post-fire annuals in chaparral.",
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