Item talk:Q229483

{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Project",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-jersey-water-science-center/science/landslide-monitoring-and-research-atlantic",
 "headline": "Landslide Monitoring and Research in the Atlantic Highlands area, New Jersey",
 "datePublished": "June 15, 2017",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Francis Ashland",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/francis-ashland",
     "identifier": {
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       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0001-9948-0195"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Pamela Reilly",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/pamela-reilly",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-2937-4490"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Alex R Fiore",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/alex-r-fiore",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-0986-5225"
     }
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 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Evaluate changes in soil moisture and pore-water pressure caused by storms of varying duration, intensity, cumulative rainfall amounts, and seasonality;"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Continuation of the landslide monitoring network is highly relevant to the citizens and community along the north flank of the Atlantic Highlands area. Long-term data from the continuous monitoring will help to refine provisional seasonal rainfall thresholds recently developed for landslides in the Atlantic Highlands area (Ashland et al, 2017). The data can also be used by community members or municipality officials to mitigate landslide hazards. In the future, the data collected on hydrologic response and movement during major storms could be incorporated into a near-real time prototype landslide warning network. Near real-time monitoring systems could be crucial in identifying active or imminent landslide hazards."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Current Landslide Monitoring Sites"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The study was funded by the Disaster Relief Appropriations Act of 2013 (PL 113\u20132) and the USGS Landslide Hazards Program.  The USGS would like to thank the Monmouth County Parks System and the Borough of the Atlantic Highlands for their ongoing cooperation and collaboration on the project."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3450 Princeton Pike\nSuite 110\nLawrenceville, NJ 08648\nUnited States"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Objective"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The recent shallow landslides in the area consist primarily of slumps and flows of earth and debris within areas of historic landslides or on slopes modified by human activities (Ashland and others, 2017). Such landslides are typically triggered by increases in shallow soil moisture and pore-water pressure caused by sustained and intense rainfall associated with spring nor\u2019easters and late summer-fall tropical cyclones. However, the critical relationship between rainfall, soil moisture conditions, and land movement has not been fully defined."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Scientists at the USGS will use the monitoring results to:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Quantify the critical rainfall conditions that correspond to shallow landslide occurrence."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Current Monitoring: Relevance and Benefits"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "On a regional level, this approach may have broad applications to other unstable hillslopes in New Jersey and the northeast. This joint effort by two USGS Mission Area Programs (Hazards and Water) is consistent with USGS goals of advancing knowledge of the regions natural systems, investigating interdisciplinary processes and providing scientific technical support and information to local and federal agencies."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Near real-time data are collected continuously and recorded every 15 to 60 minutes on a datalogger. Site visits are routinely made to download data, perform maintenance, and conduct visual inspections."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Acknowledgements"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Landslides on the steep coastal bluffs of the Atlantic Highlands area (Boroughs of the Atlantic Highlands and Highlands) in Monmouth County, NJ have been recurring, punctuated events through recorded and pre-recorded history.  Both shallow and deep-seated landslides have occurred in this area episodically, with the oldest, documented deep-seated landslide occurring in April of 1782 (Minard, 1974). However, the recent landslides have been mostly shallow in nature and have occurred during large storm events with exceptionally heavy rainfall. Landslides of these types can be triggered on unstable slopes by intense and/or sustained rainfall and rapid changes in pore-water pressure."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Recent shallow landslides have occurred on the steep hillslopes of the Atlantic Highlands area during and after large storm events with exceptionally heavy rainfall. These shallow landslides have resulted in extensive damage to residential property and local infrastructure and threatened human safety.The USGS New Jersey Water Science Center (NJWSC) and the USGS Landslide Hazards Program (LHP) are currently monitoring hillslopes within the Atlantic Highlands area of NJ to better understand the hydrologic and meteorological conditions associated with shallow landslide initiation."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Introduction"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "USGS monitoring efforts began in August 2015 at two historic landslide locations, below the Ocean Boulevard Bridge (OBB) and below Mount Mitchell Scenic Overlook (MMSO). Continuous monitoring data is collected for the following parameters:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Identify how seasonal variations in soil moisture and pore-water pressure affect landslide susceptibility; and"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The objective of the USGS landslide research within the Atlantic Highlands area is to continuously monitor hydrological and meteorological conditions to identify conditions that destabilize a hillslope. The hydrologic monitoring data provide insights into the role of antecedent soil moisture on hydrologic storm response and seasonal variations in slope stability in the coastal bluffs."
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "New Jersey Water Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-jersey-water-science-center"
 },
 "about": [
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Hazards"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Atlantic Highlands"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Landslides"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Natural Hazards"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   }
 ]

}