Item talk:Q229236

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 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Research",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc/science/subsidence-and-coastal-geomorphic-change-south-central-louisiana",
 "headline": "Subsidence and Coastal Geomorphic Change in South-Central Louisiana",
 "datePublished": "January 12, 2018",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "James Flocks",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/james-flocks",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-6177-7433"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Julie Bernier",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/julie-bernier",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-9918-5353"
     }
   }
 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Collect high-resolution bathymetric and seismic data for change analyses at identified sites in Teche, Lafourche, and Modern Deltas areas."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Evaluate inlet changes due to restoration efforts and increases in tidal volume due to subsidence and sea-level rise."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Quantify nearshore bathymetric change processes (for example, erosion, accretion, and subsidence) before and after restoration."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The focus of this study is subsidence induced by shallow compaction over the past 10,000 years and relative sea-level rise rates impacting coastal shorelines, barrier and marsh islands, and nearshore coastal systems. As a part of this study, several types of data are needed to analyze the effects of subsidence on coastal change. Data types that will be analyzed include lidar, bathymetry, sediment texture and stratigraphy, and inlet hydrodynamics. These data will be used to refine and assess geomorphic models."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The strategy is to select a barrier island site that will be restored in the near future (for example, Isle Dernieres or Timbalier). Prior to restoration, it is necessary to characterize the physical environment including topography, bathymetry, and sedimentology of the barrier island system. First order benchmarks and extensometers will be installed to establish a baseline condition and measure future elevation change. The data collected from these tasks will be used to model potential geomorphologic change (for example, shoreline change resulting from island breaching or sediment erosion and redistribution resulting from washover processes)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "600 4th Street South\nSt. Petersburg, FL 33701\nUnited States"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "This research is part of the Geologic and Morphologic Evolution of Coastal Margins project."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Quantify Gulf coastal subsidence rates within the study area."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "New methods will investigate coastal subsidence on and around barrier islands before and after restoration."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Conduct sediment characterization of same areas."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Model geomorphic change and overwash potential."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Relative sea-level rise and subsidence are leading to the inundation of shorelines, barrier islands, and wetlands of Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas, and Alabama. Reed (2009) reported that observed rates of subsidence span two orders of magnitude in coastal Louisiana with the largest values exceeding 10.0 millimeters (0.4 inches) per year [0.91 meters (3 feet) per century]. A relative decrease in elevation (subsidence) with respect to sea level results in land and habitat loss, and endangers infrastructure and ecosystem health in and around Louisiana\u2019s coastal communities by increasing the likelihood of flooding and damage from storms."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "High historical land-loss rates in coastal Louisiana have resulted in the conversion of approximately 5000 square kilometers (km2) of formerly emergent wetlands to open water since the 1930s. Evaluating subsidence is complicated because rates are highly variable both spatially and temporally."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Identify relative elevation changes (thickness) of shallow stratigraphic units (to a depth of 20-30 meters; 85-98 feet), seafloor, marsh, and island bare earth surfaces before and after island restoration."
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/spcmsc"
 },
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   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Coasts"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   }
 ]

}