Item talk:Q228528

{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Research",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/land-subsidence-in-california/science/subsidence-sacramento-san-joaquin-delta",
 "headline": "Subsidence in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta",
 "datePublished": "December 6, 2018",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Tamara Kraus",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/tamara-kraus",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-5187-8644"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Michelle Sneed",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/michelle-sneed",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-8180-382X"
     }
   }
 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta is part of the San Francisco Estuary, home to a diverse flora and fauna, including several threatened and endangered species, has a large area of prime farmland, and serves as the hub of California's freshwater-delivery system that moves water from the wet north to the dry southern part of the State."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Beginning in the late 1800s, the Delta's vast historical wetlands were drained to make way for agriculture on dry \"islands\" surrounded by waterways and protected by 1,100 miles of levees. Exposure of previously water-logged wetland peat soils to air caused them to decompose and subside below sea level by 9 to 26 feet or more. The subsided Delta islands are perpetually at risk of flooding in the event of levee breaks or overtopping and many have flooded in the past, causing millions of dollars in damage. As subsidence progresses, the levees must be regularly maintained and periodically raised and strengthened to support the increasing stresses on their banks. Delta island flooding can also interfere with freshwater exports from the Delta."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "USGS studies about subsidence in the Delta have focused on rates of subsidence, how the Delta's thick peat soils were created, and ways to mitigate or reverse peat soil degradation. For example, on deeply subsided Twitchell Island in the Delta, the USGS spearheaded the creation of an experimental wetland that, through the growth of marsh plants, \"sequestered\" or stored carbon, accumulated peat sediments, and reversed subsidence."
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Land Subsidence in California",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/land-subsidence-in-california"
 },
 "about": [
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Aquatic Ecosystems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Hydrologic Extremes"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Affected Areas"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Land Subsidence"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Surface Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Bay-Delta"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Groundwater"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
   }
 ]

}