Item talk:Q227874

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{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Project",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/lower-mississippi-gulf-water-science-center/science/water-quality-lake-pontchartrain-and",
 "headline": "Water Quality in Lake Pontchartrain and western Mississippi Sound during openings of Bonnet Carr\u00e9 Spillway",
 "datePublished": "April 13, 2020",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Scott V Mize",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/scott-v-mize",
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       "value": "0000-0001-6751-5568"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Paul Frederick",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/paul-frederick",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0003-1762-519X"
     }
   }
 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.3 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.4 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of April 20\u201324, 2020, spillway week 3*"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.9 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center (LMG), in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers (USACE) New Orleans District, has sampled water from Lake Pontchartrain, Lake Borgne, and the western Mississippi Sound prior, during, and after each spillway opening from 2008 to present. In 2020, discrete water-quality samples are being collected at all stations in Lake(s) Pontchartrain and Borgne and the western Mississippi Sound (map thumbnail) except at Rigolets at Hwy 90 near Slidell, LA (RIG) and East Pearl River at CSX Railroad near Claiborne, MS (EPR). Samples are analyzed for major ions, nutrients, inorganic plus organic particulate carbon, total suspended solids, chlorophyll a, phytoplankton composition, and algal toxins. Euphotic depths are determined from Secchi depth readings and then used to guide the sample collection depths for chlorophyll, phytoplankton, and algal toxins. Currently, the USGS-LMG also measures continuous water quality (stage, salinity, and temperature) at five stations in the western Mississippi Sound (Table 1)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "*USGS Data Disclaimer: Unless otherwise stated, all data, metadata and related materials are considered to satisfy the quality standards relative to the purpose for which the data were collected. Although these data and associated metadata have been reviewed for accuracy and completeness and approved for release by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), no warranty expressed or implied is made regarding the display or utility of the data for other purposes, nor on all computer systems, nor shall the act of distribution constitute any such warranty."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of June 1\u20135, 2020, week 5 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of July 20\u201324, 2020, week 12 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of September 14\u201318, 2020, week 20 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of November 2-6, 2020, week 27 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.6 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.16 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2021."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.13 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.1 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.7 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of Dec 6, 2021 - Dec 10, 2021, no spillway operation in 2021"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of Oct 25, 2021 - Oct 29, 2021, no spillway operation in 2021"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of April 27 \u2013 May 1, 2020, spillway week 4*"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of Aug 13, 2021 - Aug 20, 2021, no spillway operation in 2021"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.17 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2021."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.18 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2021."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 1 - U.S. Geological Survey routine and synoptic water-quality sampling stations in"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "[click on station type for a link to the data from the USGS National Water Information System web interface (waterdata.usgs.gov); 2020-21 field parameters are shown in Tables 2.1-2.16]"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of May 25\u201329, 2020, week 4 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.11 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and the western Mississippi Sound."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "USACE Spillway Operation Information"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The Bonnet Carr\u00e9 Spillway, located about 28 miles northwest of New Orleans, Louisiana, was constructed in the early 1930s as part of an integrated flood-control structure for the lower Mississippi River Plain. The spillway is designed to divert water from the Mississippi River into Lake Pontchartrain, thus relieving pressure on levees downstream. Opening of the spillway occurs when measured streamflow in the Mississippi River at New Orleans exceeds 1.25 million cubic feet per second, which normally occurs late in the spring season.  Over the approximately 90 years since its construction, the spillway has been opened only twelve times; however, in 2019, it was opened twice. Monitoring the quality of surface waters receiving diverted Mississippi River water including Lake(s) Pontchartrain and Borgne and the Mississippi Sound is of vital importance to public- and natural resource managers in Louisiana and Mississippi. These bodies of water provide crucial habitat for fish, crabs and other shellfish, seagrasses, and marine mammals, such as dolphins and manatees.  Coastal waters are also used for recreation and commercial fishing."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.12 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.2 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of June 22\u201326, 2020, week 8 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of September 28 \u2013 October 2, 2020, week 22 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of April 6\u201310, 2020, spillway week 1*"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of August 31 \u2013 September 4, 2020, week 18 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.10 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.15 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2021."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of November 16-20, 2020, week 29 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.14 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of Sept 27, 2021 - Oct 1, 2021, no spillway operation in 2021"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.5 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of July 27\u201331, 2020, week 13 after spillway was closed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Table 2.8 - U.S. Geological Survey field water-quality data from selected sampling stations in Lakes Pontchartrain/Borgne and western Mississippi Sound, 2020."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "A multi-parameter data sonde is used at each of the sites at the time of sample collection to measure water temperature, specific conductance, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and pH typically at 0.5 meters above the bottom depth, mid-depth, and 0.5 meters below the water surface to document any salinity or dissolved-oxygen stratifications within the water column. These field data are useful in monitoring changes in salinity and stratification that influence biological processes in the lake and sound waters."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field data for week of October 26-30, 2020, week 26 after spillway was closed"
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/lower-mississippi-gulf-water-science-center"
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     "name": "Environmental Health"
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   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
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   {
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     "name": "Mississippi River"
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