Item talk:Q227852
From geokb
{
"@context": "http://schema.org/", "@type": "WebPage", "additionalType": "Research", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nevada-water-science-center/science/nutrient-source-identification-groundwater-and", "headline": "Nutrient Source Identification in Groundwater and Periphyton Along the Nearshore of Lake Tahoe", "datePublished": "May 8, 2020", "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Ramon C. Naranjo", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/ramon-c-naranjo", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "orcid", "value": "0000-0003-4469-6831" } } ], "description": [ { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "6Michalski, G. and M. Thiemens, 2006, The use of multi-isotope ratio measurements as a new and unique technique to resolve NOx transformation, transport and nitrate deposition in Lake Tahoe. Final Report Contract No. 03-317. Prepared for The California Air Resources Board and the California Environmental Agency. August 15, 2006." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "5Kendall, C., 1998, Tracing sources and cycling of nitrate in catchments C. Kendall, J.J. McDonnell (Eds.), Isotope Tracers in Catchment Hydrology, Elsevier Science, Amsterdam (1998), pp. 519-576." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Question 2: What are these sources identifiable in nearshore periphyton?" }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Sources identified in groundwater and periphyton will be similar where groundwater plays a role in the transport of nutrients to the nearshore. However, groundwater may not be important at every periphyton hot spot along the shore of Lake Tahoe. This study is an important first step in gathering multi-isotopic nutrient source information from both periphyton biomass and groundwater." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "References" }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "7McLaughlin, K., Silvia, S., Kendall, C., H. Stuart-Williams, and A. Paytan, 2004, A precise method for the analysis of O18 of dissolved inorganic phosphate in seawater. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "This work will interpret stable isotope data to answer the following questions:" }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Elevated concentrations of N and P in groundwater will be related to anthropogenic enrichment from fertilizer and effluent; however, seasonal variations in hydrological processes may contribute natural sources to groundwater and periphyton at various times. Nutrient transport to the nearshore environment is dependent on physical drivers within the watershed that are temporally and spatially variable. Studies have shown that N and P concentrations in Lake Tahoe streams are typically greatest during first flush events where runoff from the landscape, channel, and urban areas contribute to increased nutrient concentrations in the lake 11, 12, 13, 14. Precipitation and recharge within the landscape mobilize natural N and P from forest soils, leaf litter and alders10. Nutrient inputs from recharge also increase concentrations in groundwater and stimulate periphyton growth along the nearshore 12, 4, 14. Thus, characterizing the relative contributions of nutrient sources to streams and groundwater during the first flush and later stages of snow-melt periods can be used by water resource managers to mitigate anthropogenic influences to nutrient enrichment." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "13Coats, R.N., and Goldman, C.R., 2001, Patterns of nitrogen transport in streams of the Lake Tahoe Basin, California\u2010Nevada. Water Resources Research, 37(2), 405-415." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "1Goldman, C. R. ,1988, Primary productivity, nutrients, and transparency during the early onset of eutrophication in ultra-oligotrophic Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada. Limnology and Oceanography, 33(6), 1321-1333." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "2Goldman, C. R., Jassby, A. D., & Hackley, S. H., 1993, Decadal, interannual, and seasonal variability in enrichment bioassays at Lake Tahoe, California-Nevada, USA. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 50(7), pp. 1489-1496." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "The contribution of N and P from anthropogenic and natural sources entering the nearshore environment is largely unknown. This research will distinguish and quantify the contributions of natural and anthropogenic sources of N and P using a multi-isotopic approach by analyzing stable isotopes \u03b415N, \u03b418O, and \u039417O in groundwater and \u03b415N, \u03b434S, \u03b413C in periphyton to identify sources of N and P." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "14Leonard, R. L., Kaplan, L. A., Elder, J. F., Coats, R. N., & Goldman, C. R., 1979, Nutrient transport in surface runoff from a subalpine watershed, Lake Tahoe Basin, California. Ecological Monographs, pp. 281-310." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "8Elsbury K.E, Paytan, A., Ostrom N., Kendall C., Young M. McLaughlin K., Rollog M., and S. Watson (2009) Using oxygen isotopes of phosphate and cycling in Lake Erie. Environ. Sci. Technology 2009, 43, 3108-3114." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "\u03b413C and \u03b434S in periphyton can also be used to identify anthropogenic sources such as sewage effluent and fertilizer input that are distinct from natural sources10. The use of \u03b413C and \u03b434S is therefore important for distinguishing different sources coming from the groundwater and potentially distinguishing chemical reduction that may be occurring within the aquifer." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "3Loeb S.L., Reuter J.E., Goldman C.R. (1983) Littoral zone production of oligotrophic lakes. In: Wetzel R.G. (eds) Periphyton of Freshwater Ecosystems. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "High concentrations of phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) are responsible for excessive, or nuisance algal blooms in many ecosystems world-wide, and climate change is predicted to exacerbate the problem1,2. Excessive nutrients supplied to the nearshore zone of Lake Tahoe may have significant consequences to ecological communities, water clarity, and water quality. The nearshore zone represents the interface between the surrounding watershed and into the lake to about a depth of 30 meters3. Recent changes in periphyton biomass in this zone may indicate changes in nutrient supply from human sources. Therefore, management actions that serve to limit external contributions of nutrients to the watershed will become even more important to Lake Tahoe in the future." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "In oligotrophic lakes, such as Lake Tahoe, excessive N and P degrade water quality by stimulating algal growth.The USGS recently evaluated seasonal trends in periphyton biomass, along with Ward Creek nutrient loads, and other physical and chemical explanatory variables measured in the Lake Tahoe nearshore area4. Findings from this study indicate groundwater contributions of nutrients to the nearshore are significant and contribute to development of algal biomass. The proximity of recharge from streamflow can also control the timing of nutrient and groundwater flux which trigger the algal growth response. At the Pineland site, significant correlation between lake and groundwater N and dissolved phosphorus (DP) concentrations indicate nutrient-rich groundwater seeping into the nearshore area. The timing of nutrient discharge and response of periphyton along the nearshore near the mouth of Ward Creek is related to early winter runoff following a period of low-flow conditions. Further from the influence of Ward Creek, nutrient discharge at Pineland is relatively constant, and the rate is controlled more by diffuse recharge and hydraulic gradient between lake level and nearshore groundwater." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "12Loeb, S.L., 1986. Algal biofouling of oligotrophic Lake Tahoe: Causal factors affecting production. In: Evans, L.V., Hoagland, K.D. (Eds.), Algal Biofouling. Elsevier Science Publishers, B.V., Amsterdam, The Netherlands, pp. 159\u2013173." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Research will be implemented in four tasks." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Approach" }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "9Neill, C. and Cornwell, J.C., 1992, Stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotopes in a prairie marsh food web. Wetlands. 12: pp. 217-224." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "A multi-isotopic analysis of \u03b415N, \u03b434S, \u03b413C in periphyton is necessary to account for changes associated with possible isotopic fractionation caused by nitrate or sulfate reduction occurring in groundwater. Isotopic fractionation is a natural process that is the result of bacterial nitrate and/or sulfate reduction enriching the \u03b415N signatures and/or depleting \u03b434S signatures. For example, transformations of N in groundwater caused by denitrification and ammonia volatilization can result in isotopic fractionation preferentially retaining the heavier stable isotope. Thus, the changes detected in the \u03b415N and \u03b434S signature can be used to demonstrate whether the groundwater has been subjected to reduced conditions, which would enrich the isotopic composition from the original source contribution9. Through the examination of all three isotopes, we can more clearly distinguish the change in isotopic values associated with anthropogenic sources of nutrients rather than changes associated with fractionation caused by bacterial reduction." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "11Coats, R. N., Leonard, R. L., & Goldman, C. R., 1976, Nitrogen uptake and release in a forested watershed, Lake Tahoe Basin, California. Ecology, 995-1004." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Question 1: What are the sources of N and P in groundwater?" }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "10Wayland, M. and Hobson, K.A., 2001, Stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur isotope ratios in riparian food webs on rivers receiving sewage and pulp-mill effluents, Canadian Journal of Zoology, 79: pp. 5-15." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "Unique sources of nitrate NO3 can be identified in water using the characteristic isotopic signatures of \u03b415N, \u03b418O, and \u039417O5, 6. Furthermore, \u03b415N and \u03b418O can also provide insight about denitrification (or assimilation) which causes the enrichment of \u03b415N and \u03b418O in the remaining NO3. Additionally, unique isotopic signatures of \u03b418O can be used as a proxy for phosphate ( \u03b418Op) contamination7, 8. Thus, known isotopic signatures of anthropogenic sources of N and P identified by Kendall5 can then be used as proxies for identifying anthropogenic nutrient sources." }, { "@type": "TextObject", "text": "4Naranjo, R.C., Niswonger, R.G., Smith, D., Rosenberry D.O. and S. Chandra. 2019, Linkages between hydrology and seasonal variations of nutrients and periphyton in a large oligotrophic subalpine lake. Journal of Hydrology Vol. 568, pp. 877-890." } ], "funder": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Nevada Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/nevada-water-science-center" }, "about": [ { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Methods and Analysis" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Water" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Watershed Modeling" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Groundwater" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Lakes" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Lake Tahoe" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Energy" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Environmental Health" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "phosphorus" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "nearshore" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Science Technology" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Water Quality" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Geology" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Hydroclimatic-Socioecolgical Modeling" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Information Systems" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Hydrologic Research" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "isotope" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Sediment" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Groundwater and Surface Water Interactions" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Water Quality and Environmental Health" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "groundwater" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Water Data" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "nutrients" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Algae" }, { "@type": "Thing", "name": "Streamflow" } ]
}
