Item talk:Q227408

{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Project",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-jersey-water-science-center/science/a-field-method-quantify-chlorinated-solvent",
 "headline": "A Field Method to Quantify Chlorinated Solvent Diffusion, Sorption, Abiotic and Biotic Degradation in Low-Permeability Zones",
 "datePublished": "January 21, 2022",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Daniel J Goode",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/daniel-j-goode",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-8527-2456"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Michelle Lorah",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/michelle-lorah",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-9236-587X"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Alex R Fiore",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/alex-r-fiore",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-0986-5225"
     }
   }
 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Research Team"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "At a well-characterized fractured-rock site, diffusive tracer tests were conducted in low-K intervals of open boreholes, open to un-fractured rock, isolated using a straddle-packer apparatus. CVOCs in the borehole fluid were initially removed by gas stripping, and concentrations gradually increased during diffusion out of the rock matrix. Conversely, tracers added to the borehole fluid gradually diffused into the rock matrix, and their concentrations in the borehole fluid decreased. Degradation reactions also contributed to decreases in parent compound concentrations and increases in product concentrations. Downhole components of the apparatus included Viton-clad straddle packers and closed-loop stainless steel tubing for fluid sampling. Bench-scale testing identified tubing inlet and outlet configurations that improved tracer mixing efficiency. Fluid samples from the isolated interval were collected using a peristaltic pump, and the volume of each sample was replaced with CVOC- and tracer-free borehole fluid to minimize pressure changes due to sampling. Prototypes were field-tested for approximately three months in 6-inch open boreholes at the former Naval Air Warfare Center, West Trenton, N.J., where TCE migrated from land surface into underlying fractured mudstones of the Newark Basin, and where hydraulic containment by pump-and-treat remediation, as well as natural attenuation by biodegradation, has been ongoing since the mid-1990s."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "More information"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Research Progress"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The U.S. Geological Survey and the University at Buffalo, with the support of the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP), the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, and the U.S. Navy, are developing a field method capable of concurrently characterizing site-specific diffusion, sorption, and degradation of chlorinated volatile organic contaminants (CVOCs) in low-K zones."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Project ER-2533 at SERDP: Background, Objectives, Technical Approach, and Benefits."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Prototype Development and Testing"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program project ER-2533"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "In chlorinated-solvent-contaminated fractured-sedimentary-rock aquifers, low-permeability (low-K) strata typically act as long-term or secondary sources of contamination to mobile groundwater in the high-permeability fractures. The fate of dissolved trichloroethene (TCE) in the low-K matrix is controlled by abiotic degradation, sorption, and diffusion in the matrix, and biodegradation reactions that occur principally in the fractures."
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "New Jersey Water Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/new-jersey-water-science-center"
 },
 "about": [
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Groundwater Quality"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods Development"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Advanced Capabilities and Modeling"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Contaminant Transport and Effects"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Modeling"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geophysical Logging"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water Quality"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fractured Bedrock"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Trace elements"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Diffusion"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fractured Flow"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Aquifer Isolation Testing"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Toxic Substances"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Groundwater"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Municipal and Industrial Wastewaters"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Volatile Organic Compounds"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   }
 ]

}