Item talk:Q227311

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 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/natural-hazards/science/puerto-rico-natural-hazards-hurricanes-peligros-naturales-de",
 "headline": "Puerto Rico Natural Hazards: Hurricanes | Peligros naturales de Puerto Rico: Huracanes",
 "datePublished": "June 22, 2022",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Legna M Torres-Garc\u00eda, Ph.D.",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/legna-m-torres-garcia",
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       "value": "0000-0002-6786-5944"
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   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Donya  P Frank-Gilchrist, Ph.D.",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/donya-p-frank-gilchrist",
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       "value": "0000-0002-7146-0069"
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   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Meaghan Emory",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/meaghan-emory",
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 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "12201 Sunrise Valley Dr\nReston, VA 20192\nUnited States"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Learn more about landslide hazard assessment and risk communication following Hurricane Maria."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Hurricane Maria triggered over seventy thousand landslides in Puerto Rico, affecting critical infrastructure across the island, disrupting roads and dislodging houses from their foundations. An interactive landslide susceptibility map for Puerto Rico can be accessed here. USGS collaborated with federal and academic partners to produce materials describing landslide risk to better support residents and facilitate information dissemination to emergency managers. A landslide guide was created in Spanish and English that can be accessed via the Puerto Rico Landslide Hazard Mitigation Project page."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "In September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall in the Caribbean as a category 4 storm. Based on a Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) 2018 report (FEMA P-2020, 2018), it caused $90 billion in damages, mostly in Puerto Rico. Hurricane Maria was the third costliest hurricane ever recorded in the United States. In Puerto Rico, more than fifty thousand houses were reported as visually affected or destroyed by the hurricane. Critical infrastructures were damaged and interrupted for months, including the water supply, electric network, telecommunications, transportation, roads, and healthcare. The image below shows the tracks of Hurricane Maria. USGS scientists have investigated the aftermath of hurricane Maria and other hurricanes such as Hugo (1989), Georges (1998), and Irma (2017). Learn more about these projects in the sections below."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Hurricanes Irma and Maria caused a significant increase in risk of future coastal flooding due to coral reef damages. The fringing coral reefs surrounding the coastline of Puerto Rico are the first line of flood defense from coastal hazards. The repercussions of reef damage in Puerto Rico were assessed with high resolution hydrodynamic and socioeconomic models. In Puerto Rico, it was estimated that the cost of future flood damages could increase due to reef damage by $178 million annually (visit report). However, reef restoration could potentially avert over $40 million in economic damages per year (visit report)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "USGS collaborated with the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) in installing temporary stations with water-level and barometric pressure sensors prior to Hurricane Maria to measure coastal and riverine high-water marks throughout Puerto Rico during the storm. In addition to the temporary sensors, USGS has a network of 99 permanent real-time stream gages and 36 real-time precipitation stations in Puerto Rico. Access the report about the effects of Hurricane Maria, developed to assess flooding, storm tides, and precipitation."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "El hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda desencaden\u00f3 m\u00e1s de 70,000 deslizamientos de tierra en Puerto Rico, los que afectaron la infraestructura cr\u00edtica en toda la isla, interrumpiendo las v\u00edas de trasportaci\u00f3n y desplazando casas de sus cimientos. Se puede acceder al mapa interactivo de susceptibilidad a los deslizamientos de tierra para Puerto Rico aqu\u00ed. El USGS colabor\u00f3 con socios federales y acad\u00e9micos para proporcionar materiales que describan el riesgo de deslizamiento de tierra para asistir mejor a los residentes y facilitar la divulgaci\u00f3n de informaci\u00f3n entre los manejadores de emergencias. Se cre\u00f3 una gu\u00eda sobre los deslizamientos de tierra en espa\u00f1ol y en ingl\u00e9s que se encuentra en la p\u00e1gina del Proyecto para la Mitigaci\u00f3n de Riesgos por Deslizamiento de Tierra."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "El USGS colabor\u00f3 con la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA por sus siglas en ingl\u00e9s) en la instalaci\u00f3n de estaciones temporales de instrumentos que miden el nivel de agua y la presi\u00f3n barom\u00e9trica antes del hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda a fin de medir las marcas de la marea alta fluvial y costera en Puerto Rico durante la tormenta. Adem\u00e1s de los sensores temporeros, el USGS tiene una red de 99\u202fmedidores permanentes de caudal en tiempo real y 36\u202festaciones de precipitaci\u00f3n en tiempo real, en Puerto Rico. Acceda el informe de los efectos del hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda para evaluar los desbordamientos, las marejadas y las precipitaciones."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Los huracanes Irma y Mar\u00eda causaron un aumento importante en el riesgo de inundaciones costeras futuras debido a los da\u00f1os de los arrecifes de coral, que son la primera l\u00ednea de defensa contra los riesgos costeros. Las repercusiones de los da\u00f1os de los arrecifes de coral en Puerto Rico fueron evaluadas con modelos socioecon\u00f3micos e hidrodin\u00e1micos de alta resoluci\u00f3n. En Puerto Rico, se estim\u00f3 que el costo de los da\u00f1os de inundaciones futuras debido a da\u00f1os en los arrecifes de coral podr\u00eda aumentar 178\u202fmillones de d\u00f3lares por a\u00f1o (consulte el informe). Sin embargo, la restauraci\u00f3n de los arrecifes podr\u00eda evitar m\u00e1s de 40\u202fmillones de d\u00f3lares en da\u00f1os econ\u00f3micos por a\u00f1o (consulte el informe)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Obtenga m\u00e1s informaci\u00f3n sobre la evaluaci\u00f3n del riesgos por deslizamiento de tierra y la comunicaci\u00f3n de riesgos despu\u00e9s del huracan Mar\u00eda."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Los huracanes son uno de los peligros naturales m\u00e1s frecuentes en las islas del Caribe. Con el cambio clim\u00e1tico, podr\u00eda aumentar la frecuencia de las tormentas y su intensidad. Esta p\u00e1gina contiene algunas de las investigaciones que realiz\u00f3 el USGS sobre los efectos de huracanes en Puerto Rico que se remontan a 1989, cuando el hurac\u00e1n Hugo azot\u00f3 la isla. Entre los temas de investigaci\u00f3n, est\u00e1n los deslizamientos de tierra provocados por tormentas, el impacto en los arrecifes de coral, las inundaciones costeras, el impacto en los recursos h\u00eddricos y en los ecosistemas. Explore las publicaciones, las cesiones de datos y las noticias destacadas relacionadas con las amenazas de los huracanes en Puerto Rico en esta p\u00e1gina."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Hurricanes are one of the most frequent natural hazards that Caribbean islands are prone to encounter. The frequency of storms and their intensity could increase with climate change. This page contains a variety of USGS research on hurricane impacts to Puerto Rico, dating back to 1989, when Hurricane Hugo impacted the island. Research topics include storm-induced landslides, as well as impacts on coral reefs, coastal flooding, water resources, and ecosystems. Explore the publications, data releases, and news highlights related to hurricane hazards in Puerto Rico in the corresponding tabs."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "En septiembre de 2017, el hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda azot\u00f3 el Caribe como una tormenta de categor\u00eda\u202f4. En base al informe de 2018 de la Agencia Federal para el Manejo de Emergencia (FEMA P-2020, 2018), provoc\u00f3 da\u00f1os por 90,000\u202fmillones de d\u00f3lares, principalmente en Puerto Rico. El hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda fue el tercer hurac\u00e1n m\u00e1s costoso registrado en los Estados Unidos. En Puerto Rico, se reportaron m\u00e1s de 50\u202fmil casas que fueron destruidas o afectadas por el hurac\u00e1n. Luego del hurac\u00e1n, la infraestructura cr\u00edtica se vio da\u00f1ada o interrumpida por meses, incluyendo el suministro de agua, la red energ\u00e9tica, las telecomunicaciones, el transporte, los caminos y la atenci\u00f3n sanitaria. La pr\u00f3xima imagen muestra la trayectoria del hurac\u00e1n Mar\u00eda. Los cient\u00edficos del USGS han investigado las consecuencias de \u00e9ste y otros huracanes como Hugo (1989), Georges (1998) e Irma (2017). Conozca m\u00e1s de estos proyectos en las secciones que est\u00e1n a continuaci\u00f3n."
   }
 ],
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   "name": "Natural Hazards Mission Area",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/natural-hazards"
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