Item talk:Q227195

{

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 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Project",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center/science/milwaukee-metropolitan-sewerage-district-mmsd",
 "headline": "Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD) Watercourse Corridor Study",
 "datePublished": "November 1, 2022",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Steven R Corsi",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/steven-r-corsi",
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   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Michelle A Nott",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/michelle-a-nott",
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 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "1a. Ecological Assessments and Trends at 15 Core Stream Sites"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "4a. Assessment of Watershed Renewal through Green Infrastructure"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase III (2006\u20132010): This phase consisted of a combination of baseline efforts and specific study topics addressing needs that were identified during Phases I & II. Baseline efforts included database continuation and flow measurement at 5 streams. Specific study topics included data collection and interpretation for biological water-quality assessment, microbiological investigations, aquatic toxicity assessments, and evaluation of a suite of trace organic contaminants in Milwaukee area waterways."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3.    Contaminants in Water and Sediment"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Results"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "a.    Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Surveillance in Milwaukee Area Streams"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "a.    Ecological Assessments and Trends at 15 Core Stream Sites"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The Watercourse Corridor Study (Corridor Study) is a cooperative effort between the Milwaukee Metropolitan Sewerage District (MMSD) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in coordination with the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee School of Freshwater Sciences. Together, these partners are collecting and evaluating hydrologic, geographic, physical, biological, and chemical data for the major waterways and their adjacent corridors within MMSD\u2019s service area. This information supports the goals outlined in MMSD\u2019s Water Quality Monitoring Program and Facility Plans:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "a.    Assessment of Watershed Renewal through Green Infrastructure"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "4b. Evaluating the Performance of Infiltration-Based Green Infrastructure on Contaminant Removal"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase I (2000\u20132003):  A Baseline Inventory database was created to support the evaluation of the impacts of MMSD projects.  This database supported the MMSD\u2019s ability to obtain regulatory permits and approvals, assists in project design, and improved project coordination.  The database was developed and populated with MMSD data and other data, including the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS), Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) biology and chemistry data, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) chemistry data, and the Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SEWRPC) digital floodplain-mapping project. With the advancement of online data accessibility since this phase, this database was replaced by national- and state-level online databases."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "1.    Ecological Assessments and Trends"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3e. Long-Term Water-Quality Trends in Milwaukee-Area Streams"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "5. Nutrient evaluations"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "c.     Stream Health Synthesis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "b.    Evaluating the Performance of Infiltration-Based Green Infrastructure on Contaminant Removal"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3b. Evaluation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) Trends and Estimation of Source Contributions in Stream Sediments"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "1b. Bioavailable Waterborne Contaminants at 15 Core Stream Sites"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "c.   Characterization of Microplastic Sources in Milwaukee-Area Streams"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3c. Characterization of Microplastic Sources in Milwaukee-Area Streams"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "2a. Evaluating the Efficacy of Fish Passage Restoration Efforts"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "b.    Bioavailable Waterborne Contaminants at 15 Core Stream Sites"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "e.   Long-Term Water-Quality Trends in Milwaukee-Area Streams"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "1 Gifford Pinchot Drive\nMadison, WI 53726\nUnited States"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "6. Continuous Real-Time Streamflow"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase VI (2021\u20132025): Results are in progress"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "c.     Milwaukee River Estuary Geomorphology, Hydrodynamics, and Habitat"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "1c. Stream Health Synthesis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "6.     Continuous Real-Time Streamflow"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase II (2004\u20132005): USGS completed an intensive data-collection effort to fill in data gaps that were identified in Phase I and to update historical data.  Data were collected from 15 stream sites and 6 harbor sites and included assessments of surface water chemistry, microbial concentrations, stream discharge, sediment chemistry, fish-tissue chemistry, habitat, and ecological health (fish, macroinvertebrates, and algae). In addition to filling in gaps, this effort created a baseline that aided MMSD in defining existing characteristics of the streams and served as the basis for future impact evaluations and trend analyses."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "2c. Milwaukee River Estuary Geomorphology, Hydrodynamics, and Habitat"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "2.    Geomorphology and Habitat Studies Related to Stream and Estuary Rehabilitation"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The USGS project for the MMSD Corridor Study consists of six phases:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "b.    Evaluating the Efficacy of Fish Passage Restoration Efforts: Targeted Study in the Underwood Creek Watershed"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "5.     Nutrient Evaluations"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "b.    Evaluation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) Trends and Estimation of Source Contributions in Stream Sediments"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Since 2000, the USGS and MMSD have been partners in the Milwaukee Area Watercourse Corridor Study. The USGS has applied a multi-disciplinary approach to monitor and assess stream water quality within studies of aquatic communities, geomorphology and habitat, water and sediment, and streamflow. Results are provided to MMSD and watershed management agencies for planning and decision-making."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase V (2016\u20132020): This phase continued to focus on in-depth studies, with investigations into biological assessments and trends, geomorphology and sediment assessments, efficacy of fish passage restoration efforts, continuous real-time streamflow at seven sites, microbiological investigations and modern methods for detecting wastewater contamination, microplastic prevalence, trends in stream concentrations for 5 high-priority pollutants identified by MMSD, and evaluation of the sources of toxic PAH contaminants in lake sediments."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "During the current 5-year study period for Phase VI (2021-2025), the following six topics are being addressed by one or more USGS subprojects:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "a.    Evaluating the Efficacy of Fish Passage Restoration Efforts"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "3d. Basin-Wide Microbial Investigations and Sewage Loading to the Estuary"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Phase IV (2011\u20132015): This phase included more in-depth study for biology and water quality, including biological and habitat assessment and trends, geomorphology and hydrology assessments, continuous real-time streamflow at five sites, microbiological investigations and modern methods for detecting wastewater contamination, trends in stream chloride concentrations due to road salt applications, and evaluation of the sources of toxic PAH contaminants in Milwaukee area streams. USGS also assisted MMSD in determining options for evolving the database capabilities and incorporating existing online tools (STORET and Water Quality Portal) to eliminate the need for custom database applications while still providing web-accessible data."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "d.   Basin-Wide Microbial Investigations and Sewage Loading to the Estuary"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "4.    Green Infrastructure"
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Upper Midwest Water Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/upper-midwest-water-science-center"
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