Item talk:Q227093

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 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/columbia-environmental-research-center/science/and-polyfluoroalkyl-substance-exposure-and",
 "headline": "Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and Effects Research at Columbia Environmental Research Center (CERC)",
 "datePublished": "May 3, 2023",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Erin L Pulster, PhD",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/erin-l-pulster",
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   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "David Alvarez, PhD",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/david-alvarez",
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   {
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     "name": "David J Soucek, PhD",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/david-j-soucek",
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   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Jeff Steevens, PhD",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/jeff-steevens",
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     "name": "David Walters, PhD",
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   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Team Leads: David Soucek, Jeffery Steevens, and David Walters"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The TQ Absolute allows for significantly increased sensitivity for detecting PFAS.  The team has developed field sampling methodology for a variety of sample types and is optimizing passive sampling tools (Figure 3) to provide information on the time-weighted average concentrations of PFAS over prolonged periods which are representative of an organism\u2019s exposure. The analytical team have been able to extract and quantify up to 40 different PFAS in complex environmental matrices while achieving low limits of quantitation.  The team has the expertise to modify methods for a wide variety of sample types.  Typical samples include water, passive samplers, soils, sediments, biota, biofilms, and vegetation."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Human Health Exposure:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Environmental Transport and Distribution:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are man-made chemicals with a carbon-fluorine backbone first synthesized in the late 1930\u2019s. The chemical properties of PFAS include stain, oil, water, temperature, chemical and fire resistance. These properties make them key ingredients in countless commercial and industrial applications. Products containing PFAS include textiles, paper and food packaging, cosmetics, electronics, household goods and appliances, medical devices, pesticide formulations, and fire-fighting foams. The carbon-fluorine bond is also the strongest in nature resulting in PFAS also being resistant to environmental degradation and thus highly persistent. Thus, PFAS are frequently detected in all environmental media and biota world-wide."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Environmental Occurrence:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The USGS-CERC partners with academic, state, federal, tribal, and private sector partners to conduct basic and applied research. Opportunities exist to collaborate with USGS within the scope of the USGS Strategic Science Vision."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Field Studies: Research teams conduct field studies across the Nation to support resource managers.  Site specific studies are conducted to understand the fate and bioaccumulation processes in natural systems. These studies include field collection of invertebrate species to understand the movement of PFAS with food-webs and as a potential source of PFAS exposure to organisms such as birds and bats (Figure 6)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Biological Effects:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The Toxicology facility encompasses 4,300 square feet of exposure laboratory space consisting of 23 banks of large and small water baths with fully automated proportional diluters capable of delivering up to six different concentrations of chemicals in continuous flow-through conditions (Figure 4). Water supporting these studies comes from a deep well that has no PFAS contamination.  Exposure systems have options to control temperature, pH and are equipped with ventilation for testing volatile chemicals (Figure 5A-B). These systems were built and optimized to meet the optimal conditions needed for each study. Studies are completed with aquatic invertebrates and fish through existing culture facilities."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Team Leads: Erin Pulster and David Alvarez"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "CERC\u2019s Environmental Chemistry Branch has field sampling expertise and dedicated laboratories and instrumentation for conducting PFAS research.  These include specialized equipment for sample processing and a temperature-controlled laboratory consisting of a Xevo TQ Absolute Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometer (Figure 1) and a Quadrupole Time of Flight Synapt G2-Si mass spectrometer (Figure 2)."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Toxicology Facility:"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Return to: CERC Environmental Chemistry"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Return to: Southeast Region Fluorochemical Network (SERFN)"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Return to: CERC Fish and Invertebrate Toxicology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "The Columbia Environmental Research Center\u2019s Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance (PFAS) team conducts research focusing on the occurrence, fate, and toxicity of PFAS compounds in aquatic and terrestrial systems. Laboratory capabilities include dedicated analytical instrumentation and experimental facilities to allow USGS scientists to analyze a wide range of sample types including water, sediment, soils, and tissues. CERC partners with academic, state, federal, and private sector collaborators to conduct research laboratory studies and applied research at field sites across the Nation."
   }
 ],
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   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Columbia Environmental Research Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/columbia-environmental-research-center"
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