Item talk:Q226840

{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Research",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/chesapeake-bay-activities/science/wastewater-reuse-may-be-detrimental-smallmouth-bass",
 "headline": "Wastewater reuse may be detrimental to smallmouth bass abundance in the Shenandoah River Watershed",
 "datePublished": "April 11, 2024",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Tyler Wagner, PhD",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/tyler-wagner",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0003-1726-016X"
     }
   }
 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Issue: Municipal and industrial wastewater effluent is an important source of water for streams and rivers, especially during periods of low flow.  The reuse of wastewater effluent may become even more important if climate change exacerbates low streamflow and drought conditions.  However, wastewater effluent often contains chemicals that, when chronically present, can affect the health of aquatic organisms.  Such is the case with the ecologically and socioeconomically important smallmouth bass in the Shenandoah River Watershed, where individuals have shown signs of chemical exposure in unison with mortality events of sexually mature bass.  What researchers and managers know less about is how the detrimental effects of chemical exposure on individual fish translate to population-level impacts, which is an important aspect in sustaining the smallmouth bass fishery."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "To better understand how chemical exposure from wastewater effluent may be affecting smallmouth bass populations in the Shenandoah River Watershed, USGS investigators addressed two goals.  The first was to identify how the percentage of wastewater effluent in streamflow (a proxy for chemical exposure) was related to the abundance of young\u2010of\u2010year (YOY), juvenile, and adult bass.  The second was determine whether the percentage of wastewater effluent in streamflow better explained patterns in smallmouth bass abundance than streamflow alone."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "To conduct the analyses, researchers used smallmouth bass survey data collected by the Virginia Department of Wildlife Resources at 33 sites within the watershed from 1998-2018.  Data on wastewater effluent flow were obtained from Discharge Monitoring Report databases compiled by state environmental departments for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System\u2010permitted facilities discharging into the Shenandoah River.  This effluent data set included 98 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), 94 of which were in Virginia. Twenty\u2010two of these were industrial (i.e., nonpublicly owned treatment works; wastewater derived from manufacturing, mining, and/or refining activities) and 76 were municipal (i.e., publicly owned treatment works; wastewater derived from homes, institutions, and small businesses)."
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Chesapeake Bay Activities",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/chesapeake-bay-activities"
 },
 "about": [
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Biology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fish, Streams, and Water Quality"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Wagner"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fish Health and Toxic Contaminants"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Freshwater Fish and Habitats"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   }
 ]

}