Item talk:Q76408
From geokb
{
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The model is an update to the widely used USGS two-dimensional solute-transport model (MOC) and is implemented as an optional \u201cpackage\u201d for the ground-water flow model MODFLOW (Harbaugh and McDonald, 1996). Directly coupling the time-tested MOC transport algorithms with the widely used MODFLOW program makes MOC3D a powerful tool for simulation of solute transport in ground water in many hydrogeologic settings. The model simulates transport processes that include:Advection - Transport of dissolved solutes at the same rate as the average ground-water flow velocity.Diffusion - Spreading of solute from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration, caused by \u201crandom\u201d molecular motionDispersion - Diffusion-like spreading of solute that is caused primarily by spatial variability in aquifer properties, which results in spatial variability in transport velocity.Retardation - Reduction in the apparent solute velocity, compared to the ground-water velocity, caused by linear equilibrium sorption on aquifer materials.Decay - Disappearance of solute caused by reactions such as radioactive decay or biodegradation that are proportional to concentration.Growth - Creation (or disappearance) of solute mass caused by reactions that proceed independent of the solute concentration, such as some cases of biodegradationDouble-porosity exchange - rate-limited exchange of solute mass between mobile and immobile zones; for example, between fractures and the rock matrix.", "description": "4 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Goode, Daniel J. djgoode@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Daniel J.", "familyName": "Goode", "email": "djgoode@usgs.gov", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-8527-2456", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8527-2456" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Pennsylvania Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pennsylvania-water-science-center" } ] } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Pennsylvania Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pennsylvania-water-science-center" }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Toxic Substances Hydrology Program", "url": null } ] } }, "OpenAlex": { "abstract_inverted_index": { "For": [ 0 ], "additional": [ 1 ], "information,": [ 2 ], "contact:": [ 3 ], "Director,": [ 4 ], "Pennsylvania": [ 5 ], "Water": [ 6 ], "Science": [ 7 ], "Center": [ 8 ], "U.S.": [ 9, 28 ], "Geological": [ 10, 29 ], "Survey": [ 11, 30 ], "215": [ 12 ], "Limekiln": [ 13 ], "Road": [ 14 ], "New": [ 15 ], "Cumberland,": [ 16 ], "PA": [ 17 ], "17070": [ 18 ], "MOC3D": [ 19, 90 ], "is": [ 20, 47, 60, 153 ], "a": [ 21, 91 ], "general-purpose": [ 22 ], "computer": [ 23 ], "model": [ 24, 46, 57, 70, 107 ], "developed": [ 25 ], "by": [ 26, 143, 156, 183, 195, 216 ], "the": [ 27, 51, 67, 78, 84, 119, 123, 173, 179, 222, 248 ], "(USGS)": [ 31 ], "for": [ 32, 66, 94, 243 ], "simulation": [ 33, 95 ], "of": [ 34, 96, 115, 130, 134, 139, 150, 192, 212, 221, 229, 235 ], "three-dimensional": [ 35 ], "solute": [ 36, 97, 131, 151, 175, 193, 213, 223, 236 ], "transport": [ 37, 81, 98, 109, 168 ], "in": [ 38, 99, 102, 159, 164, 167, 172 ], "ground": [ 39, 100 ], "water": [ 40, 101 ], "(Konikow": [ 41 ], "and": [ 42, 59, 73, 240, 247 ], "others,": [ 43 ], "1996).": [ 44, 75 ], "The": [ 45, 106 ], "an": [ 48, 63 ], "update": [ 49 ], "to": [ 50, 137, 178, 206 ], "widely": [ 52, 85 ], "used": [ 53, 86 ], "USGS": [ 54 ], "two-dimensional": [ 55 ], "solute-transport": [ 56 ], "(MOC)": [ 58 ], "implemented": [ 61 ], "as": [ 62, 122, 198, 226 ], "optional": [ 64 ], "\u201cpackage\u201d": [ 65 ], "ground-water": [ 68, 125, 180 ], "flow": [ 69, 126 ], "MODFLOW": [ 71, 87 ], "(Harbaugh": [ 72 ], "McDonald,": [ 74 ], "Directly": [ 76 ], "coupling": [ 77 ], "time-tested": [ 79 ], "MOC": [ 80 ], "algorithms": [ 82 ], "with": [ 83 ], "program": [ 88 ], "makes": [ 89 ], "powerful": [ 92 ], "tool": [ 93 ], "many": [ 103 ], "hydrogeologic": [ 104 ], "settings.": [ 105 ], "simulates": [ 108 ], "processes": [ 110 ], "that": [ 111, 152, 203, 218 ], "include:Advection": [ 112 ], "-": [ 113, 128, 147, 170, 190, 208, 232 ], "Transport": [ 114 ], "dissolved": [ 116 ], "solutes": [ 117 ], "at": [ 118 ], "same": [ 120 ], "rate": [ 121 ], "average": [ 124 ], "velocity.Diffusion": [ 127 ], "Spreading": [ 129 ], "from": [ 132 ], "areas": [ 133, 138 ], "high": [ 135 ], "concentration": [ 136 ], "low": [ 140 ], "concentration,": [ 141, 224 ], "caused": [ 142, 154, 182, 194, 215 ], "\u201crandom\u201d": [ 144 ], "molecular": [ 145 ], "motionDispersion": [ 146 ], "Diffusion-like": [ 148 ], "spreading": [ 149 ], "primarily": [ 155 ], "spatial": [ 157, 165 ], "variability": [ 158, 166 ], "aquifer": [ 160, 188 ], "properties,": [ 161 ], "which": [ 162 ], "results": [ 163 ], "velocity.Retardation": [ 169 ], "Reduction": [ 171 ], "apparent": [ 174 ], "velocity,": [ 176, 181 ], "compared": [ 177 ], "linear": [ 184 ], "equilibrium": [ 185 ], "sorption": [ 186 ], "on": [ 187 ], "materials.Decay": [ 189 ], "Disappearance": [ 191 ], "reactions": [ 196, 217 ], "such": [ 197, 225 ], "radioactive": [ 199 ], "decay": [ 200 ], "or": [ 201 ], "biodegradation": [ 202 ], "are": [ 204 ], "proportional": [ 205 ], "concentration.Growth": [ 207 ], "Creation": [ 209 ], "(or": [ 210 ], "disappearance)": [ 211 ], "mass": [ 214, 237 ], "proceed": [ 219 ], "independent": [ 220 ], "some": [ 227 ], "cases": [ 228 ], "biodegradationDouble-porosity": [ 230 ], "exchange": [ 231, 234 ], "rate-limited": [ 233 ], "between": [ 238, 245 ], "mobile": [ 239 ], "immobile": [ 241 ], "zones;": [ 242 ], "example,": [ 244 ], "fractures": [ 246 ], "rock": [ 249 ], "matrix.": [ 250 ] }, "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "authorships": [ { "author_position": "first", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5077293086", "display_name": "Robert R. 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