Item talk:Q75472
From geokb
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"name": "Geohydrology of the unsaturated zone and simulated time of arrival of landfill leachate at the water table, Municipal Solid Waste Landfill Facility, U.S. Army Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss, El Paso County, Texas",
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"abstract": "The U.S. Air Defense Artillery Center and Fort Bliss Municipal \r\nSolid Waste Landfill Facility (MSWLF) is located about 10 miles \r\nnortheast of downtown El Paso, Texas. The landfill is built on \r\nthe Hueco Bolson, a deposit that yields water to five public-supply \r\nwells within 1.1 miles of the landfill boundary on all sides. \r\nThe bolson deposits consist of lenses and mixtures of sand, clay, \r\nsilt, gravel, and caliche. The unsaturated zone at the landfill \r\nis about 300 feet thick. The Hydrologic Evaluation of Landfill \r\nPerformance (HELP) and the Multimedia Exposure Assessment \r\nModel for Evaluating the Land Disposal of Wastes (MULTIMED) \r\ncomputer models were used to simulate the time of first arrival \r\nof landfill leachate at the water table. \r\n\r\nSite-specific data were collected for model input. At five \r\nsites on the landfill cover, hydraulic conductivity was \r\nmeasured by an in situ method; in addition, laboratory values were \r\nobtained for porosity, moisture content at field capacity, and \r\nmoisture content at wilting point. Twenty-seven sediment samples were \r\ncollected from two adjacent boreholes drilled near the \r\nsouthwest corner of the landfill. Of these, 23 samples were assumed \r\nto represent the unsaturated zone beneath the landfill. The core \r\nsamples were analyzed in the laboratory for various \r\ncharacteristics required for the HELP and MULTIMED models: initial \r\nmoisture content, dry bulk density, porosity, saturated \r\nhydraulic conductivity, moisture retention percentages at various \r\nsuction values, total organic carbon, and pH. Parameters were \r\ncalculated for the van Genuchten and Brooks-Corey equations that \r\nrelate hydraulic conductivity to saturation. A reported recharge \r\nvalue of 0.008 inch per year was estimated on the basis of soil-\r\nwater chloride concentration.\r\n\r\nThe HELP model was implemented using input values that were based \r\nmostly on site-specific data or assumed in a conservative manner. \r\nExceptions were the default values used for waste characteristics. \r\nFlow through the landfill was assumed to be at steady state. The \r\nHELP-estimated landfill leakage rate was 101.6 millimeters per \r\nyear, approximately 500 times the estimated recharge rate for the \r\narea near the landfill. \r\n\r\nThe MULTIMED model was implemented using input values \r\nthat were based mainly on site-specific data and some \r\nconservatively assumed values. Landfill leakage was assumed to \r\nbegin when the landfill was established and to continue at a \r\nsteady-state rate of 101.6 millimeters per year as estimated \r\nby the HELP model. By using an assumed solute concentration in \r\nthe leachate of 1 milligram per liter and assuming no delay or \r\ndecay of solute, the solute serves as a tracer to indicate the first \r\narrival of landfill leachate. The simulated first arrival of \r\nleachate at the water table was 204 to 210 years after the \r\nestablishment of the landfill.",
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