Item talk:Q72927
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": { "schema": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "CreativeWork", "additionalType": "USGS Numbered Series", "name": "Assessment of stream conditions and trends in biological and water-chemistry data from selected streams in Chester County, Pennsylvania, 1981-97", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "wri024242", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/wri024242" }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID", "value": 44569 }, { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "DOI", "value": "10.3133/wri024242", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/wri024242" } ], "inLanguage": "en", "isPartOf": [ { "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries", "name": "Water-Resources Investigations Report" } ], "datePublished": "2002", "dateModified": "2018-02-26", "abstract": "Biological, chemical, and physical data were collected from a network of 43 sites in Chester County,\nPa., from 1981 to 1997. The goal of the network is to assess stream conditions and determine trends in\nbenthic-macroinvertebrate and water-chemistry data. Most sites in the network were assessed as\nnonimpacted or slightly impacted on the basis of biological metric analysis of benthic-macroinvertebrate\ndata. Sites assessed as impacted were affected by habitat degradation, organic pollution, or toxins.\nAnalysis of calculated biological metrics indicates that most sites were assessed as nonimpacted or slightly\nimpacted between 1981 and 1997. Sites in the Pigeon, French, Pickering, and upper East Branch\nBrandywine Creek Basins generally were assessed as nonimpacted with stable physical and chemical data\nthrough the 17-year period. Sites in the Darby, Crum, Ridley, Valley, and lower East Branch Brandywine\nCreek Basins are being degraded from the reference conditions, primarily because of habitat alteration.\nThe areas with the poorest stream quality were sites with greater than 50 percent agricultural land use,\nsites with greater than 10 percent impervious surface, and sites affected by wastewater-treatment plant\ndischarges. These sites are being degraded by erosion, sedimentation, and nutrient enrichment. Trend\nanalysis indicates that calculated biological metrics at most sites improved or remained unchanged\nbetween 1981 and 1997. Trend analysis on chemical constituents indicated that concentrations of nitrate\nand chloride were increasing, and concentrations of phosphorus and ammonia were unchanged or\ndeclining across Chester County from 1981 to 1997. The highest concentrations of ammonia and chloride\nwere at locations affected by wastewater-treatment plant discharges. Concentrations of pesticides and\nother organic compounds in stream-bottom sediments decreased between 1983 and 1997 but these\ncompounds still are present at low concentrations throughout Chester County.", "description": "x, 77 p.", "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "name": "U.S. Geological Survey" }, "author": [ { "@type": "Person", "name": "Reif, Andrew G. agreif@usgs.gov", "givenName": "Andrew G.", "familyName": "Reif", "email": "agreif@usgs.gov", "identifier": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "ORCID", "value": "0000-0002-5054-5207", "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-5207" }, "affiliation": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Pennsylvania Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pennsylvania-water-science-center" } ] } ], "funder": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Pennsylvania Water Science Center", "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/pennsylvania-water-science-center" } ] } }, "OpenAlex": { "abstract_inverted_index": { "For": [ 0 ], "additional": [ 1 ], "information,": [ 2 ], "contact:": [ 3 ], "Director,": [ 4 ], "Pennsylvania": [ 5 ], "Water": [ 6 ], "Science": [ 7 ], "Center": [ 8 ], "U.S.": [ 9 ], "Geological": [ 10 ], "Survey": [ 11 ], "215": [ 12 ], "Limekiln": [ 13 ], "Road": [ 14 ], "New": [ 15 ], "Cumberland,": [ 16 ], "PA": [ 17 ], "17070": [ 18 ], "Biological,": [ 19 ], "chemical,": [ 20 ], "and": [ 21, 50, 55, 111, 119, 134, 148, 192, 207, 226, 238, 242, 246, 264, 277, 287 ], "physical": [ 22, 133 ], "data": [ 23, 136 ], "were": [ 24, 63, 84, 102, 127, 174, 240, 248, 266 ], "collected": [ 25 ], "from": [ 26, 36, 158, 255 ], "a": [ 27 ], "network": [ 28, 44, 62 ], "of": [ 29, 42, 73, 77, 94, 164, 236, 244, 262, 275 ], "43": [ 30 ], "sites": [ 31, 59, 101, 175, 184, 193, 200, 219 ], "in": [ 32, 53, 60, 114, 142, 281 ], "Chester": [ 33, 253, 299 ], "County,": [ 34 ], "Pa.,": [ 35 ], "1981": [ 37, 110, 225, 256 ], "to": [ 38, 46, 257 ], "1997.": [ 39, 112, 227, 258 ], "The": [ 40, 167, 259 ], "goal": [ 41 ], "the": [ 43, 61, 71, 115, 138, 143, 159, 170 ], "is": [ 45 ], "assess": [ 47 ], "stream": [ 48, 172 ], "conditions": [ 49 ], "determine": [ 51 ], "trends": [ 52 ], "benthic-macroinvertebrate": [ 54, 78 ], "water-chemistry": [ 56 ], "data.": [ 57, 79 ], "Most": [ 58 ], "assessed": [ 64, 81, 103, 128 ], "as": [ 65, 82, 104, 129 ], "nonimpacted": [ 66, 105, 130 ], "or": [ 67, 91, 106, 221, 250 ], "slightly": [ 68, 107 ], "impacted": [ 69, 83, 108 ], "on": [ 70, 230 ], "basis": [ 72 ], "biological": [ 74, 96, 215 ], "metric": [ 75 ], "analysis": [ 76, 211, 229 ], "Sites": [ 80, 113, 141 ], "affected": [ 85, 194, 269 ], "by": [ 86, 195, 204, 270 ], "habitat": [ 87, 165 ], "degradation,": [ 88 ], "organic": [ 89, 279 ], "pollution,": [ 90 ], "toxins.": [ 92 ], "Analysis": [ 93 ], "calculated": [ 95, 214 ], "metrics": [ 97, 216 ], "indicates": [ 98, 212 ], "that": [ 99, 213, 234 ], "most": [ 100, 218 ], "between": [ 109, 224, 285 ], "Pigeon,": [ 116 ], "French,": [ 117 ], "Pickering,": [ 118 ], "upper": [ 120 ], "East": [ 121, 150 ], "Branch": [ 122, 151 ], "Brandywine": [ 123, 152 ], "Creek": [ 124, 153 ], "Basins": [ 125, 154 ], "generally": [ 126 ], "with": [ 131, 169, 176, 185 ], "stable": [ 132 ], "chemical": [ 135, 231 ], "through": [ 137 ], "17-year": [ 139 ], "period.": [ 140 ], "Darby,": [ 144 ], "Crum,": [ 145 ], "Ridley,": [ 146 ], "Valley,": [ 147 ], "lower": [ 149 ], "are": [ 155, 201, 293 ], "being": [ 156, 202 ], "degraded": [ 157, 203 ], "reference": [ 160 ], "conditions,": [ 161 ], "primarily": [ 162 ], "because": [ 163 ], "alteration.": [ 166 ], "areas": [ 168 ], "poorest": [ 171 ], "quality": [ 173 ], "greater": [ 177, 186 ], "than": [ 178, 187 ], "50": [ 179 ], "percent": [ 180, 189 ], "agricultural": [ 181 ], "land": [ 182 ], "use,": [ 183 ], "10": [ 188 ], "impervious": [ 190 ], "surface,": [ 191 ], "wastewater-treatment": [ 196, 271 ], "plant": [ 197, 272 ], "discharges.": [ 198, 273 ], "These": [ 199 ], "erosion,": [ 205 ], "sedimentation,": [ 206 ], "nutrient": [ 208 ], "enrichment.": [ 209 ], "Trend": [ 210, 228 ], "at": [ 217, 267, 295 ], "improved": [ 220 ], "remained": [ 222 ], "unchanged": [ 223, 249 ], "constituents": [ 232 ], "indicated": [ 233 ], "concentrations": [ 235, 243, 261, 297 ], "nitrate": [ 237 ], "chloride": [ 239, 265 ], "increasing,": [ 241 ], "phosphorus": [ 245 ], "ammonia": [ 247, 263 ], "declining": [ 251 ], "across": [ 252 ], "County": [ 254 ], "highest": [ 260 ], "locations": [ 268 ], "Concentrations": [ 274 ], "pesticides": [ 276 ], "other": [ 278 ], "compounds": [ 280, 291 ], "stream-bottom": [ 282 ], "sediments": [ 283 ], "decreased": [ 284 ], "1983": [ 286 ], "1997": [ 288 ], "but": [ 289 ], "these": [ 290 ], "still": [ 292 ], "present": [ 294 ], "low": [ 296 ], "throughout": [ 298 ], "County.": [ 300 ] }, "apc_list": null, "apc_paid": null, "authorships": [ { "author_position": "first", "author": { "id": "https://openalex.org/A5013716293", "display_name": "Andrew G. 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