Item talk:Q57698

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     "name": "Operational tracking of lava lake surface motion at K\u012blauea Volcano, Hawai\u2018i",
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         "value": "tm13A3",
         "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/tm13A3"
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         "value": 70194782
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         "propertyID": "DOI",
         "value": "10.3133/tm13A3",
         "url": "https://doi.org/10.3133/tm13A3"
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     "datePublished": "2018",
     "dateModified": "2022-04-26",
     "abstract": "Surface motion is an important component of lava lake behavior, but previous studies of lake motion have been focused on short time intervals. In this study, we implement the first continuous, real-time operational routine for tracking lava lake surface motion, applying the technique to the persistent lava lake in Halema\u2018uma\u2018u Crater at the summit of K\u012blauea Volcano, Hawai\u2018i. We measure lake motion by using images from a fixed thermal camera positioned on the crater rim, transmitting images to the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) in real time. We use an existing optical flow toolbox in Matlab to calculate motion vectors, and we track the position of lava upwelling in the lake, as well as the intensity of spattering on the lake surface. Over the past 2 years, real-time tracking of lava lake surface motion at Halema\u2018uma\u2018u has been an important part of monitoring the lake\u2019s activity, serving as another valuable tool in the volcano monitoring suite at HVO.",
     "description": "iii, 12 p.",
     "publisher": {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "U.S. Geological Survey"
     },
     "author": [
       {
         "@type": "Person",
         "name": "Orr, Tim R. torr@usgs.gov",
         "givenName": "Tim R.",
         "familyName": "Orr",
         "email": "torr@usgs.gov",
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             "name": "Volcano Science Center",
             "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/volcano-science-center"
           }
         ]
       },
       {
         "@type": "Person",
         "name": "Patrick, Matthew R. mpatrick@usgs.gov",
         "givenName": "Matthew R.",
         "familyName": "Patrick",
         "email": "mpatrick@usgs.gov",
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         "affiliation": [
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             "@type": "Organization",
             "name": "Volcano Science Center",
             "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/volcano-science-center"
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         "name": "Volcano Science Center",
         "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/volcano-science-center"
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         "name": "United States",
         "url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
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         "name": "Hawai\u2018i"
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         "name": "K\u012blauea Volcano",
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