Item talk:Q250835

From geokb

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   "name": "Anthropogenic disturbance and landscape patterns affect diversity patterns of aquatic benthic macroinvertebrates",
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   "abstract": "Measures of species diversity are valuable tools for assessing ecosystem health. However, most assessments have addressed individual sites or regional taxon pools, with few comparisons of differences in assemblage composition within or among regions. We examined the effects of anthropogenic disturbance on local richness (\u03b1 diversity) and species turnover (\u03b2 diversity) of benthic macroinvertebrates in small streams within and between 2 ecoregions (Northern Piedmont vs Southeastern Plains ecoregions) of the Patuxent River basin (Maryland, USA). Regional species pools did not differ between ecoregions (Piedmont \u200a=\u200a 166 taxa, Plains \u200a=\u200a 162 taxa); however, local richness was lower in the Plains (mean \u200a=\u200a 17.4 taxa/stream) compared to the Piedmont (mean \u200a=\u200a 22.2 taxa/stream). When streams were categorized into disturbance classes (low, medium, high), local richness did not differ among categories for either region. However, at the entire Patuxent scale, local richness tended to decrease with % impervious cover in a watershed. Variation in species composition, analyzed with nonmetric multidimensional scaling (nMDS), differed significantly between Piedmont and Plains streams, and Plains streams had higher \u03b2 diversity than Piedmont streams. When partitioned by disturbance category and region, \u03b2 diversity differed only between the low-disturbance sites (Plains > Piedmont). Relationships between \u03b2 diversity and environmental variables varied by region. \u03b2 diversity was weakly negatively related to % row-crop cover in a watershed at the entire Patuxent scale. For the Piedmont region, \u03b2 diversity tended to decrease with % forest, % pasture, and % row-crop cover in a watershed. Such negative relationships between \u03b2 diversity and landuse variables indicate a possible homogenization of the assemblage. The incongruence between diversity measures and composition measures, together with differing effects of anthropogenic land use on \u03b2 diversity in the 2 regions, emphasizes the need to incorporate both \u03b1 and \u03b2 diversity and regional environmental factors in conservation/land management studies.",
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