Item talk:Q244852

From geokb

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   "name": "Pre-eruptive magmatic conditions at Augustine Volcano, Alaska, 2006: Evidence from amphibole geochemistry and textures",
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   "abstract": "Variations in the geochemistry and texture of amphibole phenocrysts erupted from Augustine Volcano in 2006 provide new insights into pre- and syn-eruptive magma storage and mixing. Amphiboles are rare but present in all magma compositions (low- to high-silica andesites) from the 3 month long eruption. Unzoned magnesiohornblende in the high- and low-silica andesites exhibit limited compositional variability, relatively high SiO2 (up to 49\u00b77 wt %), and relatively low Al2O3 (< 11\u00b71 wt %). Intermediate-silica andesites and quenched mafic enclaves contain amphiboles that vary in composition (e.g. SiO2 40\u00b78\u201348\u00b79 wt %, Al2O3 6\u00b752\u201315\u00b72 wt %) and classification (magnesiohornblende\u2013magnesiohastingsite\u2013tschermakite). Compositional variation in amphibole is primarily controlled by temperature-dependent substitutions. Both high- and low-silica andesites represent remnant magmas that were stored in the shallow crust at 4\u20138 km depth, remaining distinct owing to a complex subsurface plumbing system. Intermediate-silica andesites and quenched mafic inclusions represent pre-eruptive hybrids of resident high- and low-silica andesite magmas and an intruding basalt. Amphiboles in explosive phase high-silica andesites are largely euhedral and unreacted, consistent with the high magma flux rates from depth during this phase (up to 13 800 m3 s\u20131). Phenocrysts from the other lithologies have reaction rims that range from 1 to >1000 \u03bcm in thickness. Reaction rim microlite sizes correlate with reaction rim thicknesses. Reaction rims <50 \u03bcm thick contain microlites 1\u201310 \u03bcm in length whereas reaction rims >80 \u03bcm thick contain microlites 10\u2013100 \u03bcm in length. Differentiating between heating- and decompression-induced amphibole reaction rim formation is problematic because of a lack of experimental constraints. We attempt a new approach to assessing reaction rim formation, based on a kinetic theory of crystal nucleation and growth, in which the differences in reaction rim textures represent different degrees of amphibole disequilibrium. Large crystals and low number densities suggest relatively lower levels of disequilibrium resulting in growth-dominated crystallization. Smaller crystals and larger number densities are indicative of higher nucleation rates and a high driving force.",
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