Item talk:Q240477
From geokb
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"name": "Relationship between oxidative stress, pathology, and behavioral signs of lead poisoning in mallards",
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"abstract": "Some of the adverse effects of\u00a0lead\u00a0(Pb) may be associated with\u00a0oxidative\u00a0damage of lipids, proteins, or DNA.\u00a0In\u00a0a previous study a linkage was observed between the susceptibilities of waterfowl species to Pb\u00a0poisoning\u00a0with\u00a0oxidative\u00a0stress. To investigate this\u00a0relationship\u00a0among the individuals of a single species, for 3 wk 4 groups of 72\u00a0mallards\u00a0were fed diets containing high or low levels of vitamin E (20 or 220 Ul/kg) and high or low levels of Pb (0 or 2 g/kg). During the first week of Pb exposure,\u00a0mallards\u00a0developed hemolytic anemia, and during the second week,\u00a0signs\u00a0of neurological impairment. Histological findings\u00a0in\u00a0the Pb-exposed\u00a0mallards\u00a0were hemosiderosis, demyelinization of sciatic and brachial nerves, and tumefaction of renal tubular epithelium with the presence of intranuclear inclusion bodies. Lipid peroxidation increased with Pb exposure\u00a0in\u00a0blood, liver, bile, and brain, but decreased\u00a0in\u00a0nerves. Glutathione (GSH) increased with Pb exposure\u00a0in\u00a0liver and bile, and its oxidized/reduced ratio only increased\u00a0in\u00a0bile. Pb exposure inhibited GSH peroxidase activity (GPX)\u00a0in\u00a0plasma, liver, and brain, and decreased protein thiols (PSH)\u00a0in\u00a0blood and liver. Vitamin E resulted\u00a0in\u00a0significantly lower lipid peroxidation\u00a0in\u00a0nerves of control birds relative to unsupplemented controls, but did not alleviate any\u00a0sign\u00a0of\u00a0lead\u00a0posioning. Pb-induced pathological changes associated with hepatic and nervous functions were significantly correlated with lower GPX activity and PSH concentrations\u00a0in\u00a0these tissues rather than lipid peroxidation. Data suggest that inhibition of antioxidant enzymes and interaction with sulfhydryl groups of proteins may play a more important role\u00a0in\u00a0Pb\u00a0poisoning\u00a0of waterfowl than lipid peroxidation.",
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