Item talk:Q234688
From geokb
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"name": "Trophic ecology of northern pike and their effect on conservation of westslope cutthroat trout.",
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"abstract": "Westslope Cutthroat Trout\u00a0Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi\u00a0in Coeur d\u2019Alene Lake, Idaho, have declined in recent years; predation by Northern Pike\u00a0Esox lucius, a nonnative sport fish, is thought to be a causative mechanism. The goal of this study was to describe the seasonal food habits of Northern Pike and determine their influence on Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Coeur d\u2019Alene Lake by using a bioenergetics modeling approach. Fish were sampled monthly from March 2012 to May 2013 using pulsed-DC electrofishing and experimental gillnetting in four bays. Northern Pike catch rates from electrofishing were generally low but increased slightly each season and were highest in the southern portion of the lake; catch rates from gillnetting were approximately 50% higher during the two spring sampling periods compared with the summer and fall. Seasonal growth and food habits of 695 Northern Pike (TL = 16.2\u2013108.0\u00a0cm; weight = 24\u20139,628\u00a0g) were analyzed. Diets primarily consisted of kokanee\u00a0O. nerka, Westslope Cutthroat Trout, and Yellow PerchPerca flavescens. Results of a bioenergetics model estimated that Westslope Cutthroat Trout represented approximately 2\u201330% of the biomass consumed by age-1\u20134 Northern Pike. Total Westslope Cutthroat Trout biomass consumed by Northern Pike (2008\u20132011 year-classes) across all seasons sampled was estimated to be 1,231\u00a0kg (95% CI = 723\u20132,396\u00a0kg), and the total number consumed was 5,641 (95% CI = 3,311\u201310,979). The highest occurrence of Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Northern Pike diets was observed during spring. Thus, reducing Northern Pike predation on Westslope Cutthroat Trout would be one tool worth considering for conserving Westslope Cutthroat Trout populations in Coeur d\u2019Alene Lake.",
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