Item talk:Q229100

{

 "@context": "http://schema.org/",
 "@type": "WebPage",
 "additionalType": "Research",
 "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center/science/ecosystem-shifts-arctic-seas",
 "headline": "Ecosystem Shifts in Arctic Seas",
 "datePublished": "April 24, 2018",
 "author": [
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Vanessa von Biela, Ph.D.",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/vanessa-von-biela",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-7139-5981"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "David Douglas",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/david-douglas",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0003-0186-1104"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Daniel Esler, Ph.D.",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/daniel-esler",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0001-5501-4555"
     }
   },
   {
     "@type": "Person",
     "name": "Christian E Zimmerman, Ph.D.",
     "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/staff-profiles/christian-e-zimmerman",
     "identifier": {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "orcid",
       "value": "0000-0002-3646-0688"
     }
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 ],
 "description": [
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "In addition to the direct effects of sea ice loss on walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and polar bears (Ursus maritimus) that use ice as a platform, the decline of Arctic sea ice is predicted to promote a fundamental ecosystem shift from benthic animals that forage on the sea floor to pelagic animals that forage near the sea surface."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "This shift would essentially result in Arctic seas transforming to ecosystems that resemble their temperate southern counterparts and raises concerns for walrus and eiders that are adapted to feed on the historically rich community of abundant benthic organisms.  As sea ice extent diminishes, more prolonged open-water phytoplankton blooms and increased zooplankton grazing may increasingly route surface primary production to pelagic consumers and away from the sea floor.  The change in benthic production has been difficult to quantify, leaving resource managers with much uncertainty.  We propose to relate annually resolved growth increments in benthic bivalves (clams) with satellite derived sea ice records to develop a predictive relationship between sea ice and benthic production in the Chukchi Sea.  Bivalve clams are a key prey item for both walrus and eiders.  The relative contributions of sea ice algae and phytoplankton, the two major sources of surface primary production, will also be described for bivalves using stable isotope analysis of soft tissue.  Combining these products with model projections of future sea ice cover will allow us to predict the pace of shifts in benthic production, clarify the underlying mechanism, and enhance forecasts of the population response of DOI managed species to a changing Arctic environment."
   },
   {
     "@type": "TextObject",
     "text": "Return to Ecosystems >> Fish and Aquatic Ecology"
   }
 ],
 "funder": {
   "@type": "Organization",
   "name": "Alaska Science Center",
   "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/alaska-science-center"
 },
 "about": [
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Threats"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Biology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Environmental Health"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Ecosystems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "walrus"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "benthic"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Climate Change"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fish and Aquatic Ecology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Geology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Science Technology"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Habitat Loss"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Sea Ice"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fish and Aquatic Species"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Wildlife & Terrestrial Species"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "ecosystems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Energy"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Polar bears"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Fish & Aquatic Species"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Marine Mammals"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Information Systems"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Clams"
   },
   {
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     "name": "Fish"
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     "name": "polar bear"
   },
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     "name": "Methods and Analysis"
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     "name": "Migratory Fishes"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Wildlife and Terrestrial Species"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Water"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Arctic"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Walruses"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "sea ice"
   },
   {
     "@type": "Thing",
     "name": "Species Status Assessments"
   }
 ]

}