Item talk:Q235793

From geokb
Revision as of 13:20, 20 August 2024 by Sky (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{ "USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "Effects of heterogeneity in aquifer permeability and biomass on biodegradation rate calculations: Results from numerical simulations", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70022446", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.g...")
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "Effects of heterogeneity in aquifer permeability and biomass on biodegradation rate calculations: Results from numerical simulations",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70022446",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70022446"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70022446
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "ISSN",
       "value": "0017467X"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Ground Water",
     "volumeNumber": "38",
     "issueNumber": "5"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Ground Water"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2000",
   "dateModified": "2018-12-12",
   "abstract": "Numerical simulations were used to examine the effects of heterogeneity in hydraulic conductivity (K) and intrinsic biodegradation rate on the accuracy of contaminant plume\u2010scale biodegradation rates obtained from field data. The simulations were based on a steady\u2010state BTEX contaminant plume undergoing biodegradation under sulfate\u2010reducing conditions, with the electron acceptor in excess. Biomass was either uniform or correlated with K to model spatially variable intrinsic biodegradation rates. A hydraulic conductivity data set from an alluvial aquifer was used to generate three sets of 10 realizations with different degrees of heterogeneity, and contaminant transport with biodegradation was simulated with BIOMOC. Biodegradation rates were calculated from the steady\u2010state contaminant plumes using decrease in concentration with distance downgradient and a single flow velocity estimate, as is commonly done in site characterization to support the interpretation of natural attenuation. The observed rates were found to underestimate the actual rate specified in the heterogeneous model in all cases. The discrepancy between the observed rate and the \u201ctrue\u201d rate depended on the ground water flow velocity estimate, and increased with increasing heterogeneity in the aquifer. For a lognormal K distribution with variance of 0.46, the estimate was no more than a factor of 1.4 slower than the true rate. For an aquifer with 20% silt/clay lenses, the rate estimate was as much as nine times slower than the true rate. Homogeneous\u2010permeability, uniform\u2010degradation rate simulations were used to generate predictions of remediation time with the rates estimated from the heterogeneous models. The homogeneous models generally overestimated the extent of remediation or underestimated remediation time, due to delayed degradation of contaminants in the low\u2010K areas. Results suggest that aquifer characterization for natural attenuation at contaminated sites should include assessment of the presence and extent of, and contaminant concentrations in, low\u2010permeability areas of an aquifer.",
   "description": "11 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "Wiley"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Scholl, Martha A. mascholl@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "Martha A.",
       "familyName": "Scholl",
       "email": "mascholl@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0001-6994-4614",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Northeast Regional Director's Office",
           "url": "https://www1.usgs.gov/coopunits/unit/NewYork"
         },
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "National Research Program - Eastern Branch",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/arizona-water-science-center"
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Toxic Substances Hydrology Program",
       "url": null
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Abstract": [
       0
     ],
     "Numerical": [
       1
     ],
     "simulations": [
       2,
       32,
       227
     ],
     "were": [
       3,
       33,
       101,
       138,
       228
     ],
     "used": [
       4,
       77,
       229
     ],
     "to": [
       5,
       60,
       78,
       128,
       140,
       230,
       258
     ],
     "examine": [
       6
     ],
     "the": [
       7,
       20,
       47,
       104,
       130,
       142,
       147,
       156,
       160,
       165,
       177,
       188,
       200,
       210,
       221,
       237,
       241,
       249,
       264,
       282
     ],
     "effects": [
       8
     ],
     "of": [
       9,
       22,
       82,
       88,
       132,
       186,
       196,
       233,
       251,
       261,
       281,
       293
     ],
     "heterogeneity": [
       10,
       175
     ],
     "in": [
       11,
       50,
       110,
       125,
       146,
       150,
       176,
       263
     ],
     "hydraulic": [
       12,
       68
     ],
     "conductivity": [
       13,
       69
     ],
     "(K)": [
       14
     ],
     "and": [
       15,
       90,
       115,
       159,
       171,
       284,
       287
     ],
     "intrinsic": [
       16,
       64
     ],
     "biodegradation": [
       17,
       25,
       42,
       65,
       94
     ],
     "rate": [
       18,
       144,
       158,
       162,
       211,
       226
     ],
     "on": [
       19,
       35,
       164
     ],
     "accuracy": [
       21
     ],
     "contaminant": [
       23,
       39,
       91,
       106,
       288
     ],
     "plume\u2010scale": [
       24
     ],
     "rates": [
       26,
       100,
       137,
       238
     ],
     "obtained": [
       27
     ],
     "from": [
       28,
       72,
       103,
       240
     ],
     "field": [
       29
     ],
     "data.": [
       30
     ],
     "The": [
       31,
       135,
       153,
       244
     ],
     "based": [
       34
     ],
     "a": [
       36,
       116,
       180,
       194
     ],
     "steady\u2010state": [
       37,
       105
     ],
     "BTEX": [
       38
     ],
     "plume": [
       40
     ],
     "undergoing": [
       41
     ],
     "under": [
       43
     ],
     "sulfate\u2010reducing": [
       44
     ],
     "conditions,": [
       45
     ],
     "with": [
       46,
       58,
       85,
       93,
       97,
       112,
       173,
       184,
       206,
       236
     ],
     "electron": [
       48
     ],
     "acceptor": [
       49
     ],
     "excess.": [
       51
     ],
     "Biomass": [
       52
     ],
     "was": [
       53,
       76,
       95,
       190,
       213
     ],
     "either": [
       54
     ],
     "uniform": [
       55
     ],
     "or": [
       56,
       253
     ],
     "correlated": [
       57
     ],
     "K": [
       59,
       182
     ],
     "model": [
       61,
       149
     ],
     "spatially": [
       62
     ],
     "variable": [
       63
     ],
     "rates.": [
       66
     ],
     "A": [
       67
     ],
     "data": [
       70
     ],
     "set": [
       71
     ],
     "an": [
       73,
       204,
       294
     ],
     "alluvial": [
       74
     ],
     "aquifer": [
       75,
       205,
       270
     ],
     "generate": [
       79,
       231
     ],
     "three": [
       80
     ],
     "sets": [
       81
     ],
     "10": [
       83
     ],
     "realizations": [
       84
     ],
     "different": [
       86
     ],
     "degrees": [
       87
     ],
     "heterogeneity,": [
       89
     ],
     "transport": [
       92
     ],
     "simulated": [
       96
     ],
     "BIOMOC.": [
       98
     ],
     "Biodegradation": [
       99
     ],
     "calculated": [
       102
     ],
     "plumes": [
       107
     ],
     "using": [
       108
     ],
     "decrease": [
       109
     ],
     "concentration": [
       111
     ],
     "distance": [
       113
     ],
     "downgradient": [
       114
     ],
     "single": [
       117
     ],
     "flow": [
       118,
       168
     ],
     "velocity": [
       119,
       169
     ],
     "estimate,": [
       120,
       170
     ],
     "as": [
       121,
       214,
       216
     ],
     "is": [
       122
     ],
     "commonly": [
       123
     ],
     "done": [
       124
     ],
     "site": [
       126
     ],
     "characterization": [
       127,
       271
     ],
     "support": [
       129
     ],
     "interpretation": [
       131
     ],
     "natural": [
       133,
       273
     ],
     "attenuation.": [
       134
     ],
     "observed": [
       136,
       157
     ],
     "found": [
       139
     ],
     "underestimate": [
       141
     ],
     "actual": [
       143
     ],
     "specified": [
       145
     ],
     "heterogeneous": [
       148,
       242
     ],
     "all": [
       151
     ],
     "cases.": [
       152
     ],
     "discrepancy": [
       154
     ],
     "between": [
       155
     ],
     "\u201ctrue\u201d": [
       161
     ],
     "depended": [
       163
     ],
     "ground": [
       166
     ],
     "water": [
       167
     ],
     "increased": [
       172
     ],
     "increasing": [
       174
     ],
     "aquifer.": [
       178,
       295
     ],
     "For": [
       179,
       203
     ],
     "lognormal": [
       181
     ],
     "distribution": [
       183
     ],
     "variance": [
       185
     ],
     "0.46,": [
       187
     ],
     "estimate": [
       189,
       212
     ],
     "no": [
       191
     ],
     "more": [
       192
     ],
     "than": [
       193,
       199,
       220
     ],
     "factor": [
       195
     ],
     "1.4": [
       197
     ],
     "slower": [
       198,
       219
     ],
     "true": [
       201,
       222
     ],
     "rate.": [
       202,
       223
     ],
     "20%": [
       207
     ],
     "silt/clay": [
       208
     ],
     "lenses,": [
       209
     ],
     "much": [
       215
     ],
     "nine": [
       217
     ],
     "times": [
       218
     ],
     "Homogeneous\u2010permeability,": [
       224
     ],
     "uniform\u2010degradation": [
       225
     ],
     "predictions": [
       232
     ],
     "remediation": [
       234,
       252,
       255
     ],
     "time": [
       235
     ],
     "estimated": [
       239
     ],
     "models.": [
       243
     ],
     "homogeneous": [
       245
     ],
     "models": [
       246
     ],
     "generally": [
       247
     ],
     "overestimated": [
       248
     ],
     "extent": [
       250,
       285
     ],
     "underestimated": [
       254
     ],
     "time,": [
       256
     ],
     "due": [
       257
     ],
     "delayed": [
       259
     ],
     "degradation": [
       260
     ],
     "contaminants": [
       262
     ],
     "low\u2010K": [
       265
     ],
     "areas.": [
       266
     ],
     "Results": [
       267
     ],
     "suggest": [
       268
     ],
     "that": [
       269
     ],
     "for": [
       272
     ],
     "attenuation": [
       274
     ],
     "at": [
       275
     ],
     "contaminated": [
       276
     ],
     "sites": [
       277
     ],
     "should": [
       278
     ],
     "include": [
       279
     ],
     "assessment": [
       280
     ],
     "presence": [
       283
     ],
     "of,": [
       286
     ],
     "concentrations": [
       289
     ],
     "in,": [
       290
     ],
     "low\u2010permeability": [
       291
     ],
     "areas": [
       292
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5081232006",
         "display_name": "M. A. Scholl",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6994-4614"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I285663978",
           "display_name": "Weatherford College",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/02xwsbr93",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I285663978"
           ]
         },
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": true,
       "raw_author_name": "Martha A. Scholl",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "(703) 648\u20135890",
         "U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 431 National Center, Reston, VA 20192",
         "fax (703) 648\u20135274"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "(703) 648\u20135890",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I285663978"
           ]
         },
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "fax (703) 648\u20135274",
           "institution_ids": []
         },
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, 431 National Center, Reston, VA 20192",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": null,
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "38",
     "issue": "5",
     "first_page": "702",
     "last_page": "712"
   },
   "citation_normalized_percentile": {
     "value": 0.834796,
     "is_in_top_1_percent": false,
     "is_in_top_10_percent": false
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2037360521",
   "cited_by_count": 27,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 87,
     "max": 88
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C2775840915",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3817528",
       "display_name": "Plume",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.7967803
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C159390177",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265",
       "display_name": "Soil science",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.69080806
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C75622301",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208791",
       "display_name": "Aquifer",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.68212557
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C157021035",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q696715",
       "display_name": "Biodegradation",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.6791375
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C63184880",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2783041",
       "display_name": "Hydraulic conductivity",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.6209707
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C76177295",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161598",
       "display_name": "Groundwater",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.5053094
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C120882062",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28352",
       "display_name": "Permeability (electromagnetism)",
       "level": 3,
       "score": 0.45517212
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.45423788
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C185592680",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329",
       "display_name": "Chemistry",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.27727365
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C127313418",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
       "display_name": "Geology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.2669143
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C187320778",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130",
       "display_name": "Geotechnical engineering",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.21561548
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C97355855",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473",
       "display_name": "Thermodynamics",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.121853024
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C159750122",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023",
       "display_name": "Soil water",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.110399455
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C55493867",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094",
       "display_name": "Biochemistry",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C121332964",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413",
       "display_name": "Physics",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C178790620",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351",
       "display_name": "Organic chemistry",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/C41625074",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176088",
       "display_name": "Membrane",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.0
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/A5081232006"
   ],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [
     "https://openalex.org/I285663978",
     "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
   ],
   "countries_distinct_count": 1,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 2
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     },
     {
       "year": 2017,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     },
     {
       "year": 2015,
       "cited_by_count": 3
     },
     {
       "year": 2013,
       "cited_by_count": 1
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2016-06-24",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "Effects of Heterogeneity in Aquifer Permeability and Biomass on Biodegradation Rate Calculations\u2014Results from Numerical Simulations",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x",
   "fwci": 1.948,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": false,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W2037360521",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2037360521",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x",
     "mag": "2037360521"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 2,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/waste-degradation",
       "display_name": "Waste Degradation",
       "score": 0.547265
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/hydraulic-conductivity",
       "display_name": "Hydraulic Conductivity",
       "score": 0.540602
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/geological-heterogeneity",
       "display_name": "Geological Heterogeneity",
       "score": 0.515471
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S53579087",
         "display_name": "Ground Water",
         "issn_l": "0017-467X",
         "issn": [
           "0017-467X",
           "1745-6584"
         ],
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
         "host_organization_name": "Wiley",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "Wiley"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 1,
   "mesh": [],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2037360521/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "oa_status": "closed",
     "oa_url": null,
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": false
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": false,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.2000.tb02706.x",
     "pdf_url": null,
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S53579087",
       "display_name": "Ground Water",
       "issn_l": "0017-467X",
       "issn": [
         "0017-467X",
         "1745-6584"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320595",
       "host_organization_name": "Wiley",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310320595"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "Wiley"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": null,
     "is_accepted": false,
     "is_published": false
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10894",
     "display_name": "Groundwater Flow and Transport Modeling",
     "score": 0.9999,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2305",
       "display_name": "Environmental Engineering"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
       "display_name": "Environmental Science"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2000-09-01",
   "publication_year": 2000,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1513082286",
     "https://openalex.org/W1520004926",
     "https://openalex.org/W1968734547",
     "https://openalex.org/W1968865735",
     "https://openalex.org/W1969966219",
     "https://openalex.org/W1974210778",
     "https://openalex.org/W1980731593",
     "https://openalex.org/W1982942815",
     "https://openalex.org/W1987325805",
     "https://openalex.org/W1988541176",
     "https://openalex.org/W1993614951",
     "https://openalex.org/W1995120567",
     "https://openalex.org/W1996358228",
     "https://openalex.org/W1998554703",
     "https://openalex.org/W2005506686",
     "https://openalex.org/W2009093069",
     "https://openalex.org/W2011952482",
     "https://openalex.org/W2015404609",
     "https://openalex.org/W2016372167",
     "https://openalex.org/W2029267906",
     "https://openalex.org/W2040101795",
     "https://openalex.org/W2047261110",
     "https://openalex.org/W2050970470",
     "https://openalex.org/W2069326881",
     "https://openalex.org/W2083592470",
     "https://openalex.org/W2084267113",
     "https://openalex.org/W2084398509",
     "https://openalex.org/W2087170071",
     "https://openalex.org/W2092416324",
     "https://openalex.org/W2093718569",
     "https://openalex.org/W2093814708",
     "https://openalex.org/W2121990576"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 32,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W985732587",
     "https://openalex.org/W3150851457",
     "https://openalex.org/W3006534613",
     "https://openalex.org/W2972590550",
     "https://openalex.org/W2413403697",
     "https://openalex.org/W2350422742",
     "https://openalex.org/W2127573273",
     "https://openalex.org/W2077174545",
     "https://openalex.org/W2031529581",
     "https://openalex.org/W2021479091"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6",
       "score": 0.7,
       "display_name": "Clean water and sanitation"
     }
   ],
   "title": "Effects of Heterogeneity in Aquifer Permeability and Biomass on Biodegradation Rate Calculations\u2014Results from Numerical Simulations",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10894",
       "display_name": "Groundwater Flow and Transport Modeling",
       "score": 0.9999,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2305",
         "display_name": "Environmental Engineering"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11952",
       "display_name": "Long-term Management of Landfills and Waste",
       "score": 0.9918,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2311",
         "display_name": "Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11302",
       "display_name": "Carbon Dioxide Sequestration in Geological Formations",
       "score": 0.9911,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2305",
         "display_name": "Environmental Engineering"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-13T09:30:36.854578",
   "versions": []
 }

}