Item talk:Q234494
From geokb
{
"USGS Publications Warehouse": {
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Article",
"additionalType": "Journal Article",
"name": "Extraction of hydrocarbons from high-maturity Marcellus Shale using supercritical carbon dioxide",
"identifier": [
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
"value": "70160328",
"url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70160328"
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
"value": 70160328
},
{
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "DOI",
"value": "10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059"
}
],
"journal": {
"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Energy & Fuels",
"volumeNumber": "29",
"issueNumber": "12"
},
"inLanguage": "en",
"isPartOf": [
{
"@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
"name": "Energy & Fuels"
}
],
"datePublished": "2015",
"dateModified": "2018-07-31",
"abstract": "Shale is now commonly exploited as a hydrocarbon resource. Due to the high degree of geochemical and petrophysical heterogeneity both between shale reservoirs and within a single reservoir, there is a growing need to find more efficient methods of extracting petroleum compounds (crude oil, natural gas, bitumen) from potential source rocks. In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) was used to extract\u00a0n-aliphatic hydrocarbons from ground samples of Marcellus shale. Samples were collected from vertically drilled wells in central and western Pennsylvania, USA, with total organic carbon (TOC) content ranging from 1.5 to 6.2 wt %. Extraction temperature and pressure conditions (80\u00b0C and 21.7 MPa, respectively) were chosen to represent approximate\u00a0in situ\u00a0reservoir conditions at sample depth (1920\u20132280 m). Hydrocarbon yield was evaluated as a function of sample matrix particle size (sieve size) over the following size ranges: 1000\u2013500 \u03bcm, 250\u2013125 \u03bcm, and 63\u201325 \u03bcm. Several methods of shale characterization including Rock-Eval II pyrolysis, organic petrography, Brunauer\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller surface area, and X-ray diffraction analyses were also performed to better understand potential controls on extraction yields. Despite high sample thermal maturity, results show that supercritical CO2\u00a0can liberate diesel-range (n-C11\u00a0through\u00a0n-C21)\u00a0n-aliphatic hydrocarbons. The total quantity of extracted, resolvable\u00a0n-aliphatic hydrocarbons ranges from approximately 0.3 to 12 mg of hydrocarbon per gram of TOC. Sieve size does have an effect on extraction yield, with highest recovery from the 250\u2013125 \u03bcm size fraction. However, the significance of this effect is limited, likely due to the low size ranges of the extracted shale particles. Additional trends in hydrocarbon yield are observed among all samples, regardless of sieve size: 1) yield increases as a function of specific surface area (r2\u00a0= 0.78); and 2) both yield and surface area increase with increasing TOC content (r2\u00a0= 0.97 and 0.86, respectively). Given that supercritical CO2\u00a0is able to mobilize residual organic matter present in overmature shales, this study contributes to a better understanding of the extent and potential factors affecting the extraction process.",
"description": "13 p.",
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "ACS Publications"
},
"author": [
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Botterell, Palma J. pjarboe@usgs.gov",
"givenName": "Palma J.",
"familyName": "Botterell",
"email": "pjarboe@usgs.gov",
"identifier": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"propertyID": "ORCID",
"value": "0000-0001-7140-0915",
"url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-0915"
},
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Eastern Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/geology-energy-and-minerals-science-center"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Philip A. Candela",
"familyName": "Philip A. Candela",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Wenlu Zhu",
"familyName": "Wenlu Zhu",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Department of Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland"
}
]
},
{
"@type": "Person",
"name": "Alan J. Kaufman",
"familyName": "Alan J. Kaufman",
"affiliation": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Department of Geology, and Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center. University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland"
}
]
}
],
"funder": [
{
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "Eastern Energy Resources Science Center",
"url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/geology-energy-and-minerals-science-center"
}
],
"archivedAt": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"spatialCoverage": [
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "country",
"name": "United States",
"url": "https://geonames.org/4074035"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "state",
"name": "Pennsylvania"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"additionalType": "unknown",
"name": "Central and Western Pennsylvania"
},
{
"@type": "Place",
"geo": [
{
"@type": "GeoShape",
"additionalProperty": {
"@type": "PropertyValue",
"name": "GeoJSON",
"value": {
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": {},
"geometry": {
"type": "Polygon",
"coordinates": [
[
[
-80.518798828125,
41.95949009892465
],
[
-80.52978515625,
39.740986355883564
],
[
-77.2998046875,
39.73253798438173
],
[
-77.27783203125,
42.00848901572399
],
[
-79.749755859375,
42.00848901572399
],
[
-79.771728515625,
42.285437007491545
],
[
-80.518798828125,
41.95949009892465
]
]
]
}
}
]
}
}
},
{
"@type": "GeoCoordinates",
"latitude": 40.88784487087869,
"longitude": -78.91799240344396
}
]
}
]
},
"OpenAlex": {
"abstract_inverted_index": {
"Shale": [
0
],
"is": [
1,
29,
239,
302
],
"now": [
2
],
"commonly": [
3
],
"exploited": [
4
],
"as": [
5,
125,
270
],
"a": [
6,
25,
30,
126,
271,
317
],
"hydrocarbon": [
7,
210,
256
],
"resource.": [
8
],
"Due": [
9
],
"to": [
10,
33,
60,
92,
109,
168,
206,
243,
304,
316
],
"the": [
11,
136,
228,
234,
244,
249,
321,
327
],
"high": [
12,
177
],
"degree": [
13
],
"of": [
14,
38,
67,
128,
149,
197,
209,
213,
236,
248,
264,
273,
320
],
"geochemical": [
15
],
"and": [
16,
23,
79,
98,
103,
144,
161,
280,
284,
295,
323
],
"petrophysical": [
17
],
"heterogeneity": [
18
],
"both": [
19,
282
],
"between": [
20
],
"shale": [
21,
150,
251
],
"reservoirs": [
22
],
"within": [
24
],
"single": [
26
],
"reservoir,": [
27
],
"there": [
28
],
"growing": [
31
],
"need": [
32
],
"find": [
34
],
"more": [
35
],
"efficient": [
36
],
"methods": [
37,
148
],
"extracting": [
39
],
"petroleum": [
40
],
"compounds": [
41
],
"(crude": [
42
],
"oil,": [
43
],
"natural": [
44
],
"gas,": [
45
],
"bitumen)": [
46
],
"from": [
47,
64,
73,
90,
203,
227
],
"potential": [
48,
171,
324
],
"source": [
49
],
"rocks.": [
50
],
"In": [
51
],
"this": [
52,
237,
313
],
"study,": [
53
],
"supercritical": [
54,
184,
300
],
"carbon": [
55,
86
],
"dioxide": [
56
],
"(CO2)": [
57
],
"was": [
58,
123
],
"used": [
59
],
"extract": [
61
],
"n-aliphatic": [
62,
192,
200
],
"hydrocarbons": [
63,
201
],
"ground": [
65
],
"samples": [
66
],
"Marcellus": [
68
],
"shale.": [
69
],
"Samples": [
70
],
"were": [
71,
107,
165
],
"collected": [
72
],
"vertically": [
74
],
"drilled": [
75
],
"wells": [
76
],
"in": [
77,
112,
255,
310
],
"central": [
78
],
"western": [
80
],
"Pennsylvania,": [
81
],
"USA,": [
82
],
"with": [
83,
224,
288
],
"total": [
84,
195
],
"organic": [
85,
156,
307
],
"(TOC)": [
87
],
"content": [
88,
291
],
"ranging": [
89
],
"1.5": [
91
],
"6.2": [
93
],
"wt": [
94
],
"%.": [
95
],
"Extraction": [
96
],
"temperature": [
97
],
"pressure": [
99
],
"conditions": [
100,
115
],
"(80": [
101
],
"\u00b0C": [
102
],
"21.7": [
104
],
"MPa,": [
105
],
"respectively)": [
106
],
"chosen": [
108
],
"represent": [
110
],
"approximate": [
111
],
"situ": [
113
],
"reservoir": [
114
],
"at": [
116
],
"sample": [
117,
129,
178
],
"depth": [
118
],
"(1920\u20132280": [
119
],
"m).": [
120
],
"Hydrocarbon": [
121
],
"yield": [
122,
257,
268,
283
],
"evaluated": [
124
],
"function": [
127,
272
],
"matrix": [
130
],
"particle": [
131
],
"size": [
132,
138,
216,
231,
246
],
"(sieve": [
133
],
"size)": [
134
],
"over": [
135
],
"following": [
137
],
"ranges:": [
139
],
"1000\u2013500": [
140
],
"\u03bcm,": [
141,
143
],
"250\u2013125": [
142,
229
],
"63\u201325": [
145
],
"\u03bcm.": [
146
],
"Several": [
147
],
"characterization": [
151
],
"including": [
152
],
"Rock-Eval": [
153
],
"II": [
154
],
"pyrolysis,": [
155
],
"petrography,": [
157
],
"Brunauer\u2013Emmett\u2013Teller": [
158
],
"surface": [
159,
275,
285
],
"area,": [
160
],
"X-ray": [
162
],
"diffraction": [
163
],
"analyses": [
164
],
"also": [
166
],
"performed": [
167
],
"better": [
169,
318
],
"understand": [
170
],
"controls": [
172
],
"on": [
173,
221
],
"extraction": [
174,
222,
328
],
"yields.": [
175
],
"Despite": [
176
],
"thermal": [
179
],
"maturity,": [
180
],
"results": [
181
],
"show": [
182
],
"that": [
183,
299
],
"CO2": [
185,
301
],
"can": [
186
],
"liberate": [
187
],
"diesel-range": [
188
],
"(n-C11": [
189
],
"through": [
190
],
"n-C21)": [
191
],
"hydrocarbons.": [
193
],
"The": [
194
],
"quantity": [
196
],
"extracted,": [
198
],
"resolvable": [
199
],
"ranges": [
202,
247
],
"approximately": [
204
],
"0.3": [
205
],
"12": [
207
],
"mg": [
208
],
"per": [
211
],
"gram": [
212
],
"TOC.": [
214
],
"Sieve": [
215
],
"does": [
217
],
"have": [
218
],
"an": [
219
],
"effect": [
220,
238
],
"yield,": [
223
],
"highest": [
225
],
"recovery": [
226
],
"\u03bcm": [
230
],
"fraction.": [
232
],
"However,": [
233
],
"significance": [
235
],
"limited,": [
240
],
"likely": [
241
],
"due": [
242
],
"low": [
245
],
"extracted": [
250
],
"particles.": [
252
],
"Additional": [
253
],
"trends": [
254
],
"are": [
258
],
"observed": [
259
],
"among": [
260
],
"all": [
261
],
"samples,": [
262
],
"regardless": [
263
],
"sieve": [
265
],
"size:": [
266
],
"1)": [
267
],
"increases": [
269
],
"specific": [
274
],
"area": [
276,
286
],
"(r2": [
277,
292
],
"=": [
278,
293
],
"0.78);": [
279
],
"2)": [
281
],
"increase": [
287
],
"increasing": [
289
],
"TOC": [
290
],
"0.97": [
294
],
"0.86,": [
296
],
"respectively).": [
297
],
"Given": [
298
],
"able": [
303
],
"mobilize": [
305
],
"residual": [
306
],
"matter": [
308
],
"present": [
309
],
"overmature": [
311
],
"shales,": [
312
],
"study": [
314
],
"contributes": [
315
],
"understanding": [
319
],
"extent": [
322
],
"factors": [
325
],
"affecting": [
326
],
"process.": [
329
]
},
"apc_list": null,
"apc_paid": null,
"authorships": [
{
"author_position": "first",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5010269648",
"display_name": "Palma J. Botterell",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7140-0915"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
"ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "government",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
"https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Palma J. Jarboe",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 20192, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia 20192, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5067810594",
"display_name": "Philip A. Candela",
"orcid": null
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66946132",
"display_name": "University of Maryland, College Park",
"ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Philip A. Candela",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "middle",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5058125274",
"display_name": "Wenlu Zhu",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8166-7357"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66946132",
"display_name": "University of Maryland, College Park",
"ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Wenlu Zhu",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
}
]
},
{
"author_position": "last",
"author": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/A5020476917",
"display_name": "Alan J. Kaufman",
"orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4129-6445"
},
"institutions": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I66946132",
"display_name": "University of Maryland, College Park",
"ror": "https://ror.org/047s2c258",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "education",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/I4210144776",
"display_name": "Earth System Science Interdisciplinary Center",
"ror": "https://ror.org/042607708",
"country_code": "US",
"type": "facility",
"lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/I4210144776",
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
}
],
"countries": [
"US"
],
"is_corresponding": false,
"raw_author_name": "Alan J. Kaufman",
"raw_affiliation_strings": [
"Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States",
"Earth\rSystem Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College\rPark, Maryland 20742, United States"
],
"affiliations": [
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Department\rof Geology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I66946132"
]
},
{
"raw_affiliation_string": "Earth\rSystem Science Interdisciplinary Center, University of Maryland, College\rPark, Maryland 20742, United States",
"institution_ids": [
"https://openalex.org/I4210144776"
]
}
]
}
],
"best_oa_location": null,
"biblio": {
"volume": "29",
"issue": "12",
"first_page": "7897",
"last_page": "7909"
},
"cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W2269052549",
"cited_by_count": 59,
"cited_by_percentile_year": {
"min": 97,
"max": 98
},
"concepts": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c153127940",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221378",
"display_name": "Oil shale",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.71694803,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c2777207669",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43648",
"display_name": "Hydrocarbon",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.6540478,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c4725764",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844704",
"display_name": "Extraction (chemistry)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.5863665,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c118419359",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682585",
"display_name": "Supercritical fluid",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.56816566,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c2779196632",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938398",
"display_name": "Kerogen",
"level": 4,
"score": 0.5339939,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c199289684",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83353",
"display_name": "Mineralogy",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.5011475,
"qid": "Q159009"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c101433766",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3543263",
"display_name": "Maturity (psychological)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.48137334,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c36759035",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176848",
"display_name": "Pyrolysis",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.46194845,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c17732976",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7511782",
"display_name": "Sieve (category theory)",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4428224,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c530467964",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1997",
"display_name": "Carbon dioxide",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4316682,
"qid": "Q434"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c158787203",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900291",
"display_name": "Total organic carbon",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.4315774,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c185592680",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329",
"display_name": "Chemistry",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.40841317,
"qid": "Q166089"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c127313418",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069",
"display_name": "Geology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.37477058,
"qid": "Q158984"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c126559015",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1988844",
"display_name": "Source rock",
"level": 3,
"score": 0.3593523,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c107872376",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355",
"display_name": "Environmental chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.2702101,
"qid": "Q166131"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c43617362",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050",
"display_name": "Chromatography",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.15942383,
"qid": "Q158809"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c178790620",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351",
"display_name": "Organic chemistry",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.12503114,
"qid": "Q166197"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c15744967",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418",
"display_name": "Psychology",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q166105"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c138496976",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002",
"display_name": "Developmental psychology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q166246"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c151730666",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205",
"display_name": "Paleontology",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q159017"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c33923547",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395",
"display_name": "Mathematics",
"level": 0,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q161189"
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c109007969",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565",
"display_name": "Structural basin",
"level": 2,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": null
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/c114614502",
"wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592",
"display_name": "Combinatorics",
"level": 1,
"score": 0.0,
"qid": "Q226207"
}
],
"corresponding_author_ids": [],
"corresponding_institution_ids": [],
"countries_distinct_count": 1,
"counts_by_year": [
{
"year": 2024,
"cited_by_count": 4
},
{
"year": 2023,
"cited_by_count": 8
},
{
"year": 2022,
"cited_by_count": 5
},
{
"year": 2021,
"cited_by_count": 8
},
{
"year": 2020,
"cited_by_count": 11
},
{
"year": 2019,
"cited_by_count": 8
},
{
"year": 2018,
"cited_by_count": 7
},
{
"year": 2017,
"cited_by_count": 6
},
{
"year": 2016,
"cited_by_count": 2
}
],
"created_date": "2016-06-24",
"datasets": [],
"display_name": "Extraction of Hydrocarbons from High-Maturity Marcellus Shale Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
"fwci": 4.845,
"grants": [
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320310578",
"funder_display_name": "University of Maryland",
"award_id": null
},
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320314423",
"funder_display_name": "American Association of Petroleum Geologists Foundation",
"award_id": null
},
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320332183",
"funder_display_name": "U.S. Geological Survey",
"award_id": null
},
{
"funder": "https://openalex.org/F4320332454",
"funder_display_name": "American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund",
"award_id": "52387-ND8"
}
],
"has_fulltext": true,
"id": "https://openalex.org/W2269052549",
"ids": {
"openalex": "https://openalex.org/W2269052549",
"doi": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"mag": "2269052549"
},
"indexed_in": [
"crossref"
],
"institutions_distinct_count": 3,
"is_paratext": false,
"is_retracted": false,
"keywords": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/shale-gas",
"display_name": "Shale Gas",
"score": 0.480217
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/sieve",
"display_name": "Sieve (category theory)",
"score": 0.4428224
}
],
"language": "en",
"locations": [
{
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S186935893",
"display_name": "Energy & Fuels",
"issn_l": "0887-0624",
"issn": [
"0887-0624",
"1520-5029"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320006",
"host_organization_name": "American Chemical Society",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320006"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"American Chemical Society"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
}
],
"locations_count": 1,
"mesh": [],
"ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W2269052549/ngrams",
"open_access": {
"is_oa": false,
"oa_status": "closed",
"oa_url": null,
"any_repository_has_fulltext": false
},
"primary_location": {
"is_oa": false,
"landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.5b02059",
"pdf_url": null,
"source": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/S186935893",
"display_name": "Energy & Fuels",
"issn_l": "0887-0624",
"issn": [
"0887-0624",
"1520-5029"
],
"is_oa": false,
"is_in_doaj": false,
"is_core": true,
"host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320006",
"host_organization_name": "American Chemical Society",
"host_organization_lineage": [
"https://openalex.org/P4310320006"
],
"host_organization_lineage_names": [
"American Chemical Society"
],
"type": "journal"
},
"license": null,
"license_id": null,
"version": null,
"is_accepted": false,
"is_published": false
},
"primary_topic": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10399",
"display_name": "Characterization of Shale Gas Pore Structure",
"score": 1.0,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2211",
"display_name": "Mechanics of Materials"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
"display_name": "Engineering"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
"publication_date": "2015-11-20",
"publication_year": 2015,
"referenced_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W128576548",
"https://openalex.org/W1555929391",
"https://openalex.org/W1574889362",
"https://openalex.org/W1588153092",
"https://openalex.org/W1596591767",
"https://openalex.org/W1606949540",
"https://openalex.org/W195039256",
"https://openalex.org/W1965751301",
"https://openalex.org/W1967964984",
"https://openalex.org/W1970234779",
"https://openalex.org/W1974442241",
"https://openalex.org/W1976542716",
"https://openalex.org/W1980381105",
"https://openalex.org/W1980704616",
"https://openalex.org/W1986714070",
"https://openalex.org/W1995603107",
"https://openalex.org/W1996084863",
"https://openalex.org/W1997963593",
"https://openalex.org/W1999155421",
"https://openalex.org/W2004956821",
"https://openalex.org/W2010940821",
"https://openalex.org/W2014280435",
"https://openalex.org/W2022435745",
"https://openalex.org/W2025159953",
"https://openalex.org/W2026651955",
"https://openalex.org/W2035766187",
"https://openalex.org/W2036243760",
"https://openalex.org/W2042214932",
"https://openalex.org/W2046050522",
"https://openalex.org/W2051882304",
"https://openalex.org/W2054764006",
"https://openalex.org/W2068435229",
"https://openalex.org/W2068734052",
"https://openalex.org/W2071771565",
"https://openalex.org/W2073048404",
"https://openalex.org/W2074579280",
"https://openalex.org/W2077686544",
"https://openalex.org/W2083683273",
"https://openalex.org/W2085578463",
"https://openalex.org/W2088765570",
"https://openalex.org/W2099372662",
"https://openalex.org/W2106562658",
"https://openalex.org/W2108653113",
"https://openalex.org/W2111425771",
"https://openalex.org/W2119095736",
"https://openalex.org/W2126820166",
"https://openalex.org/W2134189468",
"https://openalex.org/W2134552967",
"https://openalex.org/W2140962967",
"https://openalex.org/W2152839685",
"https://openalex.org/W2158897778",
"https://openalex.org/W2161643702",
"https://openalex.org/W2162498574",
"https://openalex.org/W2266742528",
"https://openalex.org/W2319281245",
"https://openalex.org/W2334386657",
"https://openalex.org/W2947989632",
"https://openalex.org/W4230702641",
"https://openalex.org/W4232576780",
"https://openalex.org/W4233258695",
"https://openalex.org/W4243986181",
"https://openalex.org/W4255911497",
"https://openalex.org/W560528815"
],
"referenced_works_count": 63,
"related_works": [
"https://openalex.org/W998619573",
"https://openalex.org/W64324643",
"https://openalex.org/W4322771432",
"https://openalex.org/W4280643838",
"https://openalex.org/W3123085664",
"https://openalex.org/W2597401148",
"https://openalex.org/W2578851290",
"https://openalex.org/W2317565286",
"https://openalex.org/W2141454246",
"https://openalex.org/W1889426028"
],
"sustainable_development_goals": [],
"title": "Extraction of Hydrocarbons from High-Maturity Marcellus Shale Using Supercritical Carbon Dioxide",
"topics": [
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T10399",
"display_name": "Characterization of Shale Gas Pore Structure",
"score": 1.0,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2211",
"display_name": "Mechanics of Materials"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
"display_name": "Engineering"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11630",
"display_name": "Petroleum Chemistry and Analysis",
"score": 0.9991,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1602",
"display_name": "Analytical Chemistry"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/16",
"display_name": "Chemistry"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
},
{
"id": "https://openalex.org/T11588",
"display_name": "Global Methane Emissions and Impacts",
"score": 0.999,
"subfield": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2306",
"display_name": "Global and Planetary Change"
},
"field": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
"display_name": "Environmental Science"
},
"domain": {
"id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
"display_name": "Physical Sciences"
}
}
],
"type": "article",
"type_crossref": "journal-article",
"updated_date": "2024-08-10T12:27:56.514266",
"versions": [],
"qid": null
}
}
