Item talk:Q314006
From geokb
{
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"@type": "Article",
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"name": "Respiratory hazard assessment of combined exposure to complete gasoline exhaust and respirable volcanic ash in a multicellular human lung model at the air-liquid interface",
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"value": "10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.115",
"url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.115"
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"@type": "Periodical",
"name": "Environmental Pollution",
"volumeNumber": "238",
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"datePublished": "2018",
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"abstract": "Communities resident in urban areas located near active volcanoes can experience volcanic ash\u00a0exposures during, and following, an eruption, in addition to sustained exposures to high concentrations of anthropogenic air pollutants\u00a0(e.g.,\u00a0vehicle exhaust emissions). Inhalation of anthropogenic pollution is known to cause the onset of, or exacerbate, respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. It is further postulated similar exposure to volcanic ash can also affect such disease states. Understanding of the impact of combined exposure of volcanic ash and anthropogenic pollution to human health, however, remains limited.The aim of this study was to assess the biological impact of combined exposure to respirable volcanic ash (from Soufri\u00e8re Hills volcano (SHV), Montserrat and Chait\u00e9n volcano (ChV), Chile; representing different magmatic compositions and eruption styles) and freshly-generated complete exhaust from a gasoline vehicle. A multicellular human lung model (an epithelial cell-layer composed of A549 alveolar type II-like cells complemented with human blood monocyte-derived macrophages\u00a0and dendritic cells cultured\u00a0at the air-liquid interface) was exposed to diluted exhaust (1:10) continuously for 6\u202fh, followed by immediate exposure to the ash as a dry powder (0.54\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.19\u202f\u03bcg/cm2\u00a0and 0.39\u202f\u00b1\u202f0.09\u202f\u03bcg/cm2\u00a0for SHV and ChV ash, respectively). After an 18\u202fh incubation, cells were exposed again for 6\u202fh to diluted exhaust, and a final 18\u202fh incubation (at 37\u202f\u00b0C and 5% CO2). Cell cultures were then assessed for cytotoxic, oxidative stress\u00a0and (pro-)inflammatory responses.Results indicate that, at all tested (sub-lethal) concentrations, co-exposures with both ash samples induced no significant expression of genes associated with oxidative stress (HMOX1, NQO1) or production of (pro-)inflammatory markers (IL-1\u03b2, IL-8, TNF-\u03b1) at the gene and protein levels. In summary, considering the employed experimental conditions, combined exposure of volcanic ash and gasoline vehicle exhaust has a limited short-term biological impact to an advanced lung cell\u00a0in\u00a0vitro\u00a0model.",
"description": "12 p.",
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