Item talk:Q261133
From geokb
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"name": "Calibration of carbonate-water triple oxygen isotope fractionation: Seeing through diagenesis in ancient carbonates",
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"abstract": "High precision triple\u00a0oxygen isotope\u00a0measurements of carbonates can better constrain temperatures and oxygen isotope compositions of seawater through geologic time than\u00a018O/16O measurements alone, but lack of a definitive calibration has hindered progress. In this study, we fluorinated both carbonate and water samples to measure quantitatively the triple oxygen isotope composition of each phase. We compared the oxygen isotope fractionation between carbonate and water for different carbonate materials:\u00a0calcite\u00a0synthesized with and without\u00a0carbonic anhydrase, abiogenic calcite from Devils Hole, and extant biogenic calcite and\u00a0aragonite\u00a0of marine origin. We found similar 1000ln\u03b118Occ-wt\u00a0values for all materials and combined the results with the high temperature experimental data of\u00a0O'Neil et al. (1969), resulting in the following fractionation equation (T\u00a0in Kelvins)\u00a01000ln\u03b118Occ-wt=2.84(\u00b10.02)\u00d7106T2-2.96(\u00b10.19). The calcite triple oxygen isotope values yielded a\u00a0\u03b8-T\u00a0relationship of\u00a0\u03b8cc-wt\u202f=\u202f\u20131.39(\u00b10.01)/T\u202f+\u202f0.5305 whereas the aragonite triple oxygen isotope values yielded a\u00a0\u03b8-T\u00a0relationship of\u00a0\u03b8ara-wt\u202f=\u202f\u20131.53(\u00b10.02)/T\u202f+\u202f0.5305. The calcite-water triple oxygen isotope equilibrium fractionation equation for natural samples is\u00a0\u039417\u2032Occ-\u039417\u2032Owt=2.84(\u00b10.02)\u00d7106T2-2.96(\u00b10.19)-1.39(\u00b10.01)T+0.5305-\u03bb. The combined 1000ln\u03b118O and 1000ln\u03b117O relationships can be used to assess equilibrium in ancient samples and to evaluate potential secular changes in the\u00a0\u03b418O value of seawater. Most of the\u00a0Phanerozoic\u00a0samples analyzed in this study, which were determined to be pristine in previous studies, have undergone some level of\u00a0diagenesis. Two samples appear to preserve their original oxygen isotope compositions and suggest a cool ocean with a\u00a0\u03b418O value similar to the modern ocean. Using a fluid-rock interaction model, we can \u201csee through\u201d the diagenetic process and estimate the triple oxygen isotope composition of the carbonate prior to alteration. In doing so, we show that for the time intervals and sample locations measured in this study, Phanerozoic oceans had a comparable range of oxygen isotope compositions and temperatures as modern seawater.",
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