Item talk:Q254370

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{

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   "name": "A dirty dozen ways to die: Metrics and modifiers of mortality driven by drought and warming for a tree species",
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       "value": "10.3389/ffgc.2018.00004",
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     "name": "Frontiers in Forests and Global Change",
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   "datePublished": "2018",
   "dateModified": "2021-09-10",
   "abstract": "Tree mortality events driven by drought and warmer temperature, often amplified by pests and pathogens, are emerging as one of the predominant climate change impacts on plants. Understanding and predicting widespread tree mortality events in the future is vital as they affect ecosystem goods and services provided by forests and woodlands, including carbon storage needed to help offset warming. Additionally, if extensive enough, tree die-off events can influence not only local climate but also climate and vegetation elsewhere via ecoclimate teleconnections. Consequently, recent efforts have focused on improving predictions of tree mortality. One of the most commercially important genera of trees is\u00a0Pinus, and the most studied species globally for drought-induced tree mortality is pi\u00f1on pine,\u00a0Pinus edulis. Numerous metrics have been developed in association with predicting mortality thresholds or variations in mortality for this species. In this article, we compiled metrics associated with drought and warming related mortality that were developed for\u00a0P. edulis\u00a0or for which\u00a0P. edulis\u00a0was a key example species used in a calculation or prediction. We grouped these metrics into three categories: (i) those related to simple climate variables, (ii) those related to physiological responses, and (iii) those that require multi-step calculations or modeling using climate, ecohydrological, and/or ecophysiological data; and we identified the spatial-temporal scale of each of these metrics. We also compiled factors shown to modify rates or sensitivities of mortality. The metrics to predict mortality include empirical ones which often have implicit linkages to expected mechanisms, and more mechanistic ones related to physiological drivers. The metrics for\u00a0P. edulis\u00a0have similarities with those available for other species of\u00a0Pinus. Expected future mortality events will provide an opportunity to observationally and experimentally test and compare these metrics related to tree mortality for\u00a0P. edulis\u00a0via near-term ecological forecasting. The metrics for\u00a0P. edulis\u00a0may also be useful as potential analogs for other genera. Improving predictions of tree mortality for this species and others will be increasingly important as an aid to move toward anticipatory management.",
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