Item talk:Q251629

From geokb
Revision as of 00:47, 21 August 2024 by Sky (talk | contribs) (Created page with "{ "USGS Publications Warehouse": { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "additionalType": "Journal Article", "name": "The trans-Himalayan flights of bar-headed geese (Anser indicus)", "identifier": [ { "@type": "PropertyValue", "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID", "value": "70036124", "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70036124" }, { "@type": "PropertyV...")
(diff) ← Older revision | Latest revision (diff) | Newer revision → (diff)

{

 "USGS Publications Warehouse": {
   "@context": "https://schema.org",
   "@type": "Article",
   "additionalType": "Journal Article",
   "name": "The trans-Himalayan flights of bar-headed geese (Anser indicus)",
   "identifier": [
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse IndexID",
       "value": "70036124",
       "url": "https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70036124"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "USGS Publications Warehouse Internal ID",
       "value": 70036124
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "DOI",
       "value": "10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
       "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108"
     },
     {
       "@type": "PropertyValue",
       "propertyID": "ISSN",
       "value": "00278424"
     }
   ],
   "journal": {
     "@type": "Periodical",
     "name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America",
     "volumeNumber": "108",
     "issueNumber": "23"
   },
   "inLanguage": "en",
   "isPartOf": [
     {
       "@type": "CreativeWorkSeries",
       "name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"
     }
   ],
   "datePublished": "2011",
   "dateModified": "2021-01-28",
   "abstract": "Birds that fly over mountain barriers must be capable of meeting the increased energetic cost of climbing in low-density air, even though less oxygen may be available to support their metabolism. This challenge is magnified by the reduction in maximum sustained climbing rates in large birds. Bar-headed geese (Anser indicus) make one of the highest and most iconic transmountain migrations in the world. We show that those populations of geese that winter at sea level in India are capable of passing over the Himalayas in 1 d, typically climbing between 4,000 and 6,000 m in 7\u20138 h. Surprisingly, these birds do not rely on the assistance of upslope tailwinds that usually occur during the day and can support minimum climb rates of 0.8\u20132.2 km\u00b7h\u22121, even in the relative stillness of the night. They appear to strategically avoid higher speed winds during the afternoon, thus maximizing safety and control during flight. It would seem, therefore, that bar-headed geese are capable of sustained climbing flight over the passes of the Himalaya under their own aerobic power.",
   "description": "4 p.",
   "publisher": {
     "@type": "Organization",
     "name": "National Academy of Science"
   },
   "author": [
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Newman, S. H.",
       "givenName": "S. H.",
       "familyName": "Newman"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Balachandran, S.",
       "givenName": "S.",
       "familyName": "Balachandran"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Bishop, C.M.",
       "givenName": "C.M.",
       "familyName": "Bishop"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Milsom, W.K.",
       "givenName": "W.K.",
       "familyName": "Milsom"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Batbayar, N.",
       "givenName": "N.",
       "familyName": "Batbayar"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Sathiyaselvam, P.",
       "givenName": "P.",
       "familyName": "Sathiyaselvam"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Butler, P.J.",
       "givenName": "P.J.",
       "familyName": "Butler"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Hawkes, L.A.",
       "givenName": "L.A.",
       "familyName": "Hawkes"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Scott, G. R.",
       "givenName": "G. R.",
       "familyName": "Scott"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Takekawa, John Y. john_takekawa@usgs.gov",
       "givenName": "John Y.",
       "familyName": "Takekawa",
       "email": "john_takekawa@usgs.gov",
       "identifier": {
         "@type": "PropertyValue",
         "propertyID": "ORCID",
         "value": "0000-0003-0217-5907",
         "url": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907"
       },
       "affiliation": [
         {
           "@type": "Organization",
           "name": "Western Ecological Research Center",
           "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/werc"
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Frappell, P.B.",
       "givenName": "P.B.",
       "familyName": "Frappell"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Wikelski, M.",
       "givenName": "M.",
       "familyName": "Wikelski"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Person",
       "name": "Tseveenmyadag, N.",
       "givenName": "N.",
       "familyName": "Tseveenmyadag"
     }
   ],
   "funder": [
     {
       "@type": "Organization",
       "name": "Western Ecological Research Center",
       "url": "https://www.usgs.gov/centers/werc"
     }
   ],
   "spatialCoverage": [
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "China",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4055083"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "country",
       "name": "India and Nepal",
       "url": "https://geonames.org/4836604"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "additionalType": "unknown",
       "name": "Himalayas"
     },
     {
       "@type": "Place",
       "geo": [
         {
           "@type": "GeoShape",
           "additionalProperty": {
             "@type": "PropertyValue",
             "name": "GeoJSON",
             "value": {
               "type": "FeatureCollection",
               "features": [
                 {
                   "type": "Feature",
                   "properties": {},
                   "geometry": {
                     "type": "Polygon",
                     "coordinates": [
                       [
                         [
                           86.748046875,
                           24.046463999666567
                         ],
                         [
                           86.923828125,
                           37.64903402157866
                         ],
                         [
                           77.607421875,
                           38.06539235133249
                         ],
                         [
                           77.16796875,
                           23.725011735951796
                         ],
                         [
                           86.748046875,
                           24.046463999666567
                         ]
                       ]
                     ]
                   }
                 }
               ]
             }
           }
         },
         {
           "@type": "GeoCoordinates",
           "latitude": 30.841198085059034,
           "longitude": 82.06949630175812
         }
       ]
     }
   ]
 },
 "OpenAlex": {
   "abstract_inverted_index": {
     "Birds": [
       0
     ],
     "that": [
       1,
       67,
       72,
       111,
       158
     ],
     "fly": [
       2
     ],
     "over": [
       3,
       83,
       167
     ],
     "mountain": [
       4
     ],
     "barriers": [
       5
     ],
     "must": [
       6
     ],
     "be": [
       7,
       25
     ],
     "capable": [
       8,
       80,
       162
     ],
     "of": [
       9,
       15,
       54,
       70,
       81,
       108,
       123,
       133,
       163,
       170
     ],
     "meeting": [
       10
     ],
     "the": [
       11,
       36,
       55,
       63,
       84,
       106,
       115,
       130,
       134,
       145,
       168,
       171
     ],
     "increased": [
       12
     ],
     "energetic": [
       13
     ],
     "cost": [
       14
     ],
     "climbing": [
       16,
       41,
       90,
       165
     ],
     "in": [
       17,
       38,
       43,
       62,
       77,
       86,
       96,
       129
     ],
     "low-density": [
       18
     ],
     "air,": [
       19
     ],
     "even": [
       20,
       128
     ],
     "though": [
       21
     ],
     "less": [
       22
     ],
     "oxygen": [
       23
     ],
     "may": [
       24
     ],
     "available": [
       26
     ],
     "to": [
       27,
       138
     ],
     "support": [
       28,
       119
     ],
     "their": [
       29,
       174
     ],
     "metabolism.": [
       30
     ],
     "This": [
       31
     ],
     "challenge": [
       32
     ],
     "is": [
       33
     ],
     "magnified": [
       34
     ],
     "by": [
       35
     ],
     "reduction": [
       37
     ],
     "maximum": [
       39
     ],
     "sustained": [
       40,
       164
     ],
     "rates": [
       42,
       122
     ],
     "large": [
       44
     ],
     "birds.": [
       45
     ],
     "Bar-headed": [
       46
     ],
     "geese": [
       47,
       71,
       160
     ],
     "(": [
       48
     ],
     "Anser": [
       49
     ],
     "indicus": [
       50
     ],
     ")": [
       51
     ],
     "make": [
       52
     ],
     "one": [
       53
     ],
     "highest": [
       56
     ],
     "and": [
       57,
       93,
       117,
       150
     ],
     "most": [
       58
     ],
     "iconic": [
       59
     ],
     "transmountain": [
       60
     ],
     "migrations": [
       61
     ],
     "world.": [
       64
     ],
     "We": [
       65
     ],
     "show": [
       66
     ],
     "those": [
       68
     ],
     "populations": [
       69
     ],
     "winter": [
       73
     ],
     "at": [
       74
     ],
     "sea": [
       75
     ],
     "level": [
       76
     ],
     "India": [
       78
     ],
     "are": [
       79,
       161
     ],
     "passing": [
       82
     ],
     "Himalayas": [
       85
     ],
     "1": [
       87
     ],
     "d,": [
       88
     ],
     "typically": [
       89
     ],
     "between": [
       91
     ],
     "4,000": [
       92
     ],
     "6,000": [
       94
     ],
     "m": [
       95
     ],
     "7\u20138": [
       97
     ],
     "h.": [
       98
     ],
     "Surprisingly,": [
       99
     ],
     "these": [
       100
     ],
     "birds": [
       101
     ],
     "do": [
       102
     ],
     "not": [
       103
     ],
     "rely": [
       104
     ],
     "on": [
       105
     ],
     "assistance": [
       107
     ],
     "upslope": [
       109
     ],
     "tailwinds": [
       110
     ],
     "usually": [
       112
     ],
     "occur": [
       113
     ],
     "during": [
       114,
       144,
       152
     ],
     "day": [
       116
     ],
     "can": [
       118
     ],
     "minimum": [
       120
     ],
     "climb": [
       121
     ],
     "0.8\u20132.2": [
       124
     ],
     "km\u00b7h": [
       125
     ],
     "\u22121": [
       126
     ],
     ",": [
       127
     ],
     "relative": [
       131
     ],
     "stillness": [
       132
     ],
     "night.": [
       135
     ],
     "They": [
       136
     ],
     "appear": [
       137
     ],
     "strategically": [
       139
     ],
     "avoid": [
       140
     ],
     "higher": [
       141
     ],
     "speed": [
       142
     ],
     "winds": [
       143
     ],
     "afternoon,": [
       146
     ],
     "thus": [
       147
     ],
     "maximizing": [
       148
     ],
     "safety": [
       149
     ],
     "control": [
       151
     ],
     "flight.": [
       153
     ],
     "It": [
       154
     ],
     "would": [
       155
     ],
     "seem,": [
       156
     ],
     "therefore,": [
       157
     ],
     "bar-headed": [
       159
     ],
     "flight": [
       166
     ],
     "passes": [
       169
     ],
     "Himalaya": [
       172
     ],
     "under": [
       173
     ],
     "own": [
       175
     ],
     "aerobic": [
       176
     ],
     "power.": [
       177
     ]
   },
   "apc_list": null,
   "apc_paid": null,
   "authorships": [
     {
       "author_position": "first",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5028587700",
         "display_name": "Lucy A. Hawkes",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6696-1862"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I161548249",
           "display_name": "Bangor University",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/006jb1a24",
           "country_code": "GB",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I161548249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "GB"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Lucy A. Hawkes",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I161548249"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5037657720",
         "display_name": "S Balachandran",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5718-5032"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I82034984",
           "display_name": "Bombay Natural History Society",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/059hk6n77",
           "country_code": "IN",
           "type": "archive",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I82034984"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "IN"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Sivananinthaperumal Balachandran",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, India;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, India;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I82034984"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5030943571",
         "display_name": "Nyambayar Batbayar",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9138-9626"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I134987099",
           "display_name": "Mongolian Academy of Sciences",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04qfh2k37",
           "country_code": "MN",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I134987099"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "MN"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Nyambayar Batbayar",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbataar 210351, Mongolia;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbataar 210351, Mongolia;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I134987099"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061966723",
         "display_name": "P. J. Butler",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0468-6794"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I79619799",
           "display_name": "University of Birmingham",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/03angcq70",
           "country_code": "GB",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I79619799"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "GB"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Patrick J. Butler",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I79619799"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5009007746",
         "display_name": "Peter B. Frappell",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I129801699",
           "display_name": "University of Tasmania",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/01nfmeh72",
           "country_code": "AU",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I129801699"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "AU"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Peter B. Frappell",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "School of Zoology, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I129801699"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5080793934",
         "display_name": "William K. Milsom",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0866-7489"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I141945490",
           "display_name": "University of British Columbia",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/03rmrcq20",
           "country_code": "CA",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I141945490"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "CA"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "William K. Milsom",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I141945490"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5069785285",
         "display_name": "Tseveenmyadag Natsagdorj",
         "orcid": null
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I134987099",
           "display_name": "Mongolian Academy of Sciences",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/04qfh2k37",
           "country_code": "MN",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I134987099"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "MN"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Natsagdorj Tseveenmyadag",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbataar 210351, Mongolia;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Mongolian Academy of Sciences, Ulaanbataar 210351, Mongolia;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I134987099"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5061609027",
         "display_name": "Scott H. Newman",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3831-6839"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1320745970",
           "display_name": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/00pe0tf51",
           "country_code": "IT",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286959531",
             "https://openalex.org/I1320745970"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "IT"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Scott H. Newman",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, EMPRES Wildlife Health and Ecology Unit, Rome 00153, Italy;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, EMPRES Wildlife Health and Ecology Unit, Rome 00153, Italy;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1320745970"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5074069112",
         "display_name": "Graham R. Scott",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4225-7475"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I141945490",
           "display_name": "University of British Columbia",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/03rmrcq20",
           "country_code": "CA",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I141945490"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "CA"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Graham R. Scott",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z4;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I141945490"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5048968092",
         "display_name": "Ponnusamy Sathiyaselvam",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7779-3756"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I82034984",
           "display_name": "Bombay Natural History Society",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/059hk6n77",
           "country_code": "IN",
           "type": "archive",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I82034984"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "IN"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Ponnusamy Sathiyaselvam",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, India;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Bombay Natural History Society, Mumbai 400 001, India;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I82034984"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5026463108",
         "display_name": "John Y. Takekawa",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0217-5907"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
           "display_name": "United States Geological Survey",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/035a68863",
           "country_code": "US",
           "type": "government",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397",
             "https://openalex.org/I1335927249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "US"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "John Y. Takekawa",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "US Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Vallejo, CA 94592; and"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "US Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Vallejo, CA 94592; and",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I1286329397"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "middle",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5012353622",
         "display_name": "Martin Wikelski",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9790-7025"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I4210087166",
           "display_name": "Max Planck Institute for Ornithology",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/00178eg98",
           "country_code": "DE",
           "type": "facility",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I149899117",
             "https://openalex.org/I4210087166"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "DE"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Martin Wikelski",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Radolfzell 78315, Germany"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Radolfzell 78315, Germany",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I4210087166"
           ]
         }
       ]
     },
     {
       "author_position": "last",
       "author": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/A5084244513",
         "display_name": "Charles M. Bishop",
         "orcid": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9030-4344"
       },
       "institutions": [
         {
           "id": "https://openalex.org/I161548249",
           "display_name": "Bangor University",
           "ror": "https://ror.org/006jb1a24",
           "country_code": "GB",
           "type": "education",
           "lineage": [
             "https://openalex.org/I161548249"
           ]
         }
       ],
       "countries": [
         "GB"
       ],
       "is_corresponding": false,
       "raw_author_name": "Charles M. Bishop",
       "raw_affiliation_strings": [
         "School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom;"
       ],
       "affiliations": [
         {
           "raw_affiliation_string": "School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, United Kingdom;",
           "institution_ids": [
             "https://openalex.org/I161548249"
           ]
         }
       ]
     }
   ],
   "best_oa_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/108/23/9516.full.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S125754415",
       "display_name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
       "issn_l": "0027-8424",
       "issn": [
         "0027-8424",
         "1091-6490"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320052",
       "host_organization_name": "National Academy of Sciences",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310320052"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "National Academy of Sciences"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "biblio": {
     "volume": "108",
     "issue": "23",
     "first_page": "9516",
     "last_page": "9519"
   },
   "cited_by_api_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works?filter=cites:W1976535196",
   "cited_by_count": 141,
   "cited_by_percentile_year": {
     "min": 98,
     "max": 99
   },
   "concepts": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c95038775",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22857",
       "display_name": "Climbing",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.91430044,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c2778168010",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1499786",
       "display_name": "Climb",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.83321965,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c2781126499",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16529344",
       "display_name": "Goose",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.59892035,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c18903297",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150",
       "display_name": "Ecology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.43672785,
       "qid": "Q158972"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c86803240",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420",
       "display_name": "Biology",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.41950375,
       "qid": "Q158998"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c188721877",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103510",
       "display_name": "Bar (unit)",
       "level": 2,
       "score": 0.41235662,
       "qid": null
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c90856448",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431",
       "display_name": "Zoology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.36590707,
       "qid": "Q166179"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c140793950",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091",
       "display_name": "Animal science",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.35401422,
       "qid": "Q226194"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c39432304",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847",
       "display_name": "Environmental science",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.34117788,
       "qid": "Q166085"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c153294291",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261",
       "display_name": "Meteorology",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.3052047,
       "qid": "Q159006"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c205649164",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071",
       "display_name": "Geography",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.27847043,
       "qid": "Q158983"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c127413603",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023",
       "display_name": "Engineering",
       "level": 0,
       "score": 0.1108354,
       "qid": "Q158977"
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/c146978453",
       "wikidata": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668",
       "display_name": "Aerospace engineering",
       "level": 1,
       "score": 0.0,
       "qid": "Q166129"
     }
   ],
   "corresponding_author_ids": [],
   "corresponding_institution_ids": [],
   "countries_distinct_count": 8,
   "counts_by_year": [
     {
       "year": 2024,
       "cited_by_count": 5
     },
     {
       "year": 2023,
       "cited_by_count": 10
     },
     {
       "year": 2022,
       "cited_by_count": 13
     },
     {
       "year": 2021,
       "cited_by_count": 11
     },
     {
       "year": 2020,
       "cited_by_count": 9
     },
     {
       "year": 2019,
       "cited_by_count": 7
     },
     {
       "year": 2018,
       "cited_by_count": 7
     },
     {
       "year": 2017,
       "cited_by_count": 23
     },
     {
       "year": 2016,
       "cited_by_count": 14
     },
     {
       "year": 2015,
       "cited_by_count": 16
     },
     {
       "year": 2014,
       "cited_by_count": 8
     },
     {
       "year": 2013,
       "cited_by_count": 5
     },
     {
       "year": 2012,
       "cited_by_count": 4
     }
   ],
   "created_date": "2016-06-24",
   "datasets": [],
   "display_name": "The trans-Himalayan flights of bar-headed geese ( Anser indicus )",
   "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
   "fulltext_origin": "ngrams",
   "fwci": 6.114,
   "grants": [],
   "has_fulltext": true,
   "id": "https://openalex.org/W1976535196",
   "ids": {
     "openalex": "https://openalex.org/W1976535196",
     "doi": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
     "mag": "1976535196",
     "pmid": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21628594",
     "pmcid": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3111297"
   },
   "indexed_in": [
     "crossref",
     "pubmed"
   ],
   "institutions_distinct_count": 9,
   "is_paratext": false,
   "is_retracted": false,
   "keywords": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/keywords/bird-hosts",
       "display_name": "Bird Hosts",
       "score": 0.455512
     }
   ],
   "language": "en",
   "locations": [
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
       "pdf_url": "https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/108/23/9516.full.pdf",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S125754415",
         "display_name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
         "issn_l": "0027-8424",
         "issn": [
           "0027-8424",
           "1091-6490"
         ],
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": true,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320052",
         "host_organization_name": "National Academy of Sciences",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/P4310320052"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "National Academy of Sciences"
         ],
         "type": "journal"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3111297",
       "pdf_url": "https://europepmc.org/articles/pmc3111297?pdf=render",
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306400806",
         "display_name": "Europe PMC (PubMed Central)",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1303153112",
         "host_organization_name": "European Bioinformatics Institute",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/I1303153112"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "European Bioinformatics Institute"
         ],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": true,
       "landing_page_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3111297",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S2764455111",
         "display_name": "PubMed Central",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": true,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238",
         "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/I1299303238"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "National Institutes of Health"
         ],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": "publishedVersion",
       "is_accepted": true,
       "is_published": true
     },
     {
       "is_oa": false,
       "landing_page_url": "https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21628594",
       "pdf_url": null,
       "source": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/S4306525036",
         "display_name": "PubMed",
         "issn_l": null,
         "issn": null,
         "is_oa": false,
         "is_in_doaj": false,
         "is_core": false,
         "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/I1299303238",
         "host_organization_name": "National Institutes of Health",
         "host_organization_lineage": [
           "https://openalex.org/I1299303238"
         ],
         "host_organization_lineage_names": [
           "National Institutes of Health"
         ],
         "type": "repository"
       },
       "license": null,
       "license_id": null,
       "version": null,
       "is_accepted": false,
       "is_published": false
     }
   ],
   "locations_count": 4,
   "mesh": [
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D000531",
       "descriptor_name": "Altitude",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": true
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D025041",
       "descriptor_name": "Animal Migration",
       "qualifier_ui": "Q000502",
       "qualifier_name": "physiology",
       "is_major_topic": true
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D005426",
       "descriptor_name": "Flight, Animal",
       "qualifier_ui": "Q000502",
       "qualifier_name": "physiology",
       "is_major_topic": true
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D005777",
       "descriptor_name": "Geese",
       "qualifier_ui": "Q000502",
       "qualifier_name": "physiology",
       "is_major_topic": true
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D025041",
       "descriptor_name": "Animal Migration",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D000818",
       "descriptor_name": "Animals",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D005426",
       "descriptor_name": "Flight, Animal",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D005777",
       "descriptor_name": "Geese",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D009043",
       "descriptor_name": "Motor Activity",
       "qualifier_ui": "Q000502",
       "qualifier_name": "physiology",
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D009043",
       "descriptor_name": "Motor Activity",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D012621",
       "descriptor_name": "Seasons",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D013997",
       "descriptor_name": "Time Factors",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     },
     {
       "descriptor_ui": "D014887",
       "descriptor_name": "Weather",
       "qualifier_ui": "",
       "qualifier_name": null,
       "is_major_topic": false
     }
   ],
   "ngrams_url": "https://api.openalex.org/works/W1976535196/ngrams",
   "open_access": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "oa_status": "bronze",
     "oa_url": "https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/108/23/9516.full.pdf",
     "any_repository_has_fulltext": true
   },
   "primary_location": {
     "is_oa": true,
     "landing_page_url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1017295108",
     "pdf_url": "https://www.pnas.org/content/pnas/108/23/9516.full.pdf",
     "source": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/S125754415",
       "display_name": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
       "issn_l": "0027-8424",
       "issn": [
         "0027-8424",
         "1091-6490"
       ],
       "is_oa": false,
       "is_in_doaj": false,
       "is_core": true,
       "host_organization": "https://openalex.org/P4310320052",
       "host_organization_name": "National Academy of Sciences",
       "host_organization_lineage": [
         "https://openalex.org/P4310320052"
       ],
       "host_organization_lineage_names": [
         "National Academy of Sciences"
       ],
       "type": "journal"
     },
     "license": null,
     "license_id": null,
     "version": "publishedVersion",
     "is_accepted": true,
     "is_published": true
   },
   "primary_topic": {
     "id": "https://openalex.org/T10089",
     "display_name": "Avian Ecology and Climate Change Impacts",
     "score": 0.9989,
     "subfield": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
       "display_name": "Ecology"
     },
     "field": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
       "display_name": "Environmental Science"
     },
     "domain": {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
       "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
     }
   },
   "publication_date": "2011-05-31",
   "publication_year": 2011,
   "referenced_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W1658402581",
     "https://openalex.org/W1976193205",
     "https://openalex.org/W1979284596",
     "https://openalex.org/W1992345285",
     "https://openalex.org/W2000716356",
     "https://openalex.org/W2001091293",
     "https://openalex.org/W2014527222",
     "https://openalex.org/W2016489704",
     "https://openalex.org/W2017049326",
     "https://openalex.org/W2019026250",
     "https://openalex.org/W2029950282",
     "https://openalex.org/W2042695519",
     "https://openalex.org/W2043132117",
     "https://openalex.org/W2045529791",
     "https://openalex.org/W2046961025",
     "https://openalex.org/W204752890",
     "https://openalex.org/W2076246228",
     "https://openalex.org/W2089591989",
     "https://openalex.org/W2111954509",
     "https://openalex.org/W2122394700",
     "https://openalex.org/W2123585647",
     "https://openalex.org/W2124199270",
     "https://openalex.org/W2131470128",
     "https://openalex.org/W2133366730",
     "https://openalex.org/W2140569165",
     "https://openalex.org/W2145515791",
     "https://openalex.org/W2156381728",
     "https://openalex.org/W2156648885",
     "https://openalex.org/W2166671701",
     "https://openalex.org/W2171468732",
     "https://openalex.org/W2175634612",
     "https://openalex.org/W2179968607",
     "https://openalex.org/W2281739452",
     "https://openalex.org/W4211234000"
   ],
   "referenced_works_count": 34,
   "related_works": [
     "https://openalex.org/W4376119504",
     "https://openalex.org/W2531085753",
     "https://openalex.org/W2383472918",
     "https://openalex.org/W2363786849",
     "https://openalex.org/W2353285927",
     "https://openalex.org/W2352925240",
     "https://openalex.org/W2128642449",
     "https://openalex.org/W2047906244",
     "https://openalex.org/W2009505450",
     "https://openalex.org/W1495548623"
   ],
   "sustainable_development_goals": [
     {
       "id": "https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14",
       "display_name": "Life below water",
       "score": 0.89
     }
   ],
   "title": "The trans-Himalayan flights of bar-headed geese ( Anser indicus )",
   "topics": [
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10089",
       "display_name": "Avian Ecology and Climate Change Impacts",
       "score": 0.9989,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2303",
         "display_name": "Ecology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/23",
         "display_name": "Environmental Science"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
         "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11228",
       "display_name": "Ecology and Behavior of Bats",
       "score": 0.9896,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/1105",
         "display_name": "Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/11",
         "display_name": "Agricultural and Biological Sciences"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
         "display_name": "Life Sciences"
       }
     },
     {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12178",
       "display_name": "Malaria Parasites in Birds",
       "score": 0.9843,
       "subfield": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2405",
         "display_name": "Parasitology"
       },
       "field": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/24",
         "display_name": "Immunology and Microbiology"
       },
       "domain": {
         "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/1",
         "display_name": "Life Sciences"
       }
     }
   ],
   "type": "article",
   "type_crossref": "journal-article",
   "updated_date": "2024-08-07T23:06:47.372274",
   "versions": [],
   "qid": null
 }

}