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OpenAlex: !!python/object/new:pyalex.api.Topic
{
   dictitems:
  "id": "https://openalex.org/T10171",
    cited_by_count: 2078520
   "display_name": "Technologies for Biofuel Production from Biomass",
    created_date: '2024-01-23'
  "description": "This cluster of papers focuses on the technological aspects of producing biofuels, particularly bioethanol, from lignocellulosic biomass. It covers topics such as pretreatment methods, enzymatic hydrolysis, biorefinery concepts, biomass recalcitrance, and ethanol fermentation. The research aims to address challenges in biofuel production and explore the potential of biomass as a sustainable energy source.",
    description: This cluster of papers focuses on the technological aspects of producing
  "keywords": [
      biofuels, particularly bioethanol, from lignocellulosic biomass. It covers topics
     "Pretreatment",
      such as pretreatment methods, enzymatic hydrolysis, biorefinery concepts, biomass
    "Enzymatic Hydrolysis",
      recalcitrance, and ethanol fermentation. The research aims to address challenges
    "Lignocellulosic Biomass",
      in biofuel production and explore the potential of biomass as a sustainable
     "Bioethanol Production",
      energy source.
    "Cellulase Enzymes",
     display_name: Technologies for Biofuel Production from Biomass
    "Biorefinery Concept",
     domain:
     "Biomass Recalcitrance",
      display_name: Physical Sciences
    "Ethanol Fermentation",
      id: https://openalex.org/domains/3
    "Ionic Liquid Pretreatment",
     field:
    "Global Bioenergy Potential"
      display_name: Engineering
  ],
      id: https://openalex.org/fields/22
  "ids": {
     id: https://openalex.org/T10171
    "openalex": "https://openalex.org/T10171",
    ids:
     "wikipedia": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel"
      openalex: https://openalex.org/T10171
  },
      wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biofuel
  "subfield": {
     keywords:
    "id": "https://openalex.org/subfields/2204",
    - Pretreatment
    "display_name": "Biomedical Engineering"
    - Enzymatic Hydrolysis
  },
     - Lignocellulosic Biomass
  "field": {
     - Bioethanol Production
    "id": "https://openalex.org/fields/22",
    - Cellulase Enzymes
     "display_name": "Engineering"
    - Biorefinery Concept
  },
     - Biomass Recalcitrance
  "domain": {
    - Ethanol Fermentation
     "id": "https://openalex.org/domains/3",
    - Ionic Liquid Pretreatment
     "display_name": "Physical Sciences"
    - Global Bioenergy Potential
  },
    siblings:
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      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11190",
    - display_name: Acoustic Metamaterials and Phononic Crystals
      "display_name": "3D Bioprinting Technology"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10822
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    - display_name: Acoustic Wave Biosensors and Thin Film Resonators
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11160
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10822",
    - display_name: Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging and Tomography
      "display_name": "Acoustic Metamaterials and Phononic Crystals"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12015
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11160",
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      "display_name": "Acoustic Wave Biosensors and Thin Film Resonators"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10784
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12015",
    - display_name: Application of 3D Printing in Medical Anatomy Education
      "display_name": "Advances in Photoacoustic Imaging and Tomography"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11984
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10323",
    - display_name: Atom Probe Tomography Research
      "display_name": "Analog Circuit Design for Biomedical Applications"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13552
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10784",
    - display_name: Biohydrometallurgical Processes for Metal Extraction
      "display_name": "Analysis of Electromyography Signal Processing"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11073
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    - display_name: Biologically Inspired Adaptive Network Design
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14189",
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      "display_name": "Analysis of Intravenous Infusion Systems"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10088
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       id: https://openalex.org/T13752
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11984",
    - display_name: Biomechanical Analysis of Golf Swing Performance
      "display_name": "Application of 3D Printing in Medical Anatomy Education"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12677
    },
    - display_name: Biomechanical Modeling of Arterial Tissues
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12391",
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      "display_name": "Artificial Immune Systems in Science and Engineering"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10879
    },
    - display_name: Biomechanics of Running-Related Injuries
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13552",
    - display_name: Biomedical Applications of Graphene Nanomaterials
      "display_name": "Atom Probe Tomography Research"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12627
    },
    - display_name: Bioreactor Scale-up and Oxygen Transfer in Microbial Processes
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T14510",
    - display_name: Bone Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials
      "display_name": "Automated Spine Segmentation and Identification"
       id: https://openalex.org/T10059
    },
    - display_name: Breath Analysis Technology
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       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11073",
    - display_name: Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Fuels and Chemicals
      "display_name": "Biohydrometallurgical Processes for Metal Extraction"
      id: https://openalex.org/T11009
    },
    - display_name: Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for Renewable Chemicals
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11208
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13362",
    - display_name: Chemical Mechanical Polishing in Microelectronics Manufacturing
      "display_name": "Biologically Inspired Adaptive Network Design"
       id: https://openalex.org/T11301
    },
    - display_name: Chemical-Looping Technologies
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       id: https://openalex.org/T11802
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10088",
    - display_name: Controlled Release Materials for Agriculture
      "display_name": "Biomass Pyrolysis and Conversion Technologies"
       id: https://openalex.org/T12642
    },
    - display_name: Design and Control of Soft Robotic Systems
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       id: https://openalex.org/T10868
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13752",
    - display_name: Development and Application of Thin Film Thermocouples
      "display_name": "Biomechanical Analysis of Archery Techniques and Equipment"
       id: https://openalex.org/T13928
    },
    - display_name: Development of High-Efficiency Photocathodes for Electron Sources
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       id: https://openalex.org/T13418
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12677",
    - display_name: Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators
      "display_name": "Biomechanical Analysis of Golf Swing Performance"
        and Fusion Reactors
    },
      id: https://openalex.org/T11808
    {
    - display_name: Dielectric Elastomer Materials and Applications
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11366",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11608
      "display_name": "Biomechanical Modeling of Arterial Tissues"
    - display_name: Droplet Microfluidics Technology
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11407
    {
    - display_name: Dual-Energy Computed Tomography
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10879",
       id: https://openalex.org/T12386
      "display_name": "Biomechanics of Bipedal Locomotion in Robots and Animals"
    - display_name: Engineering of Surface Nanostructures
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T12285
    {
    - display_name: Ergonomics and Sustainability in Human-Compatible Systems
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11018",
       id: https://openalex.org/T13722
      "display_name": "Biomechanics of Running-Related Injuries"
    - display_name: Focused Ultrasound Technology and Applications
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T10958
    {
    - display_name: Freeform Optics Design and Fabrication
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12627",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11517
      "display_name": "Biomedical Applications of Graphene Nanomaterials"
    - display_name: Gait Recognition for Human Identification
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T12740
    {
    - display_name: Geometric Modeling and Nanomaterial Applications in Engineering
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10864",
       id: https://openalex.org/T13267
      "display_name": "Bioreactor Scale-up and Oxygen Transfer in Microbial Processes"
    - display_name: Hackathons in Biomedical Engineering Education
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T13280
    {
    - display_name: Heat Transfer Enhancement in Nanofluids
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10059",
      id: https://openalex.org/T10104
      "display_name": "Bone Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials"
    - display_name: Laser Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T13232
    {
    - display_name: Lower Limb Exoskeleton Robotics
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11667",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11023
      "display_name": "Breath Analysis Technology"
    - display_name: Magnetic Particle Imaging and Ferrofluid Research
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T12405
    {
    - display_name: Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11009",
       id: https://openalex.org/T10675
      "display_name": "Catalytic Conversion of Biomass to Fuels and Chemicals"
    - display_name: Microfluidic Techniques for Particle Manipulation and Separation
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11255
    {
    - display_name: Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11208",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11739
      "display_name": "Catalytic Valorization of Lignin for Renewable Chemicals"
    - display_name: Nanofluidics and Nanopore Technology
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11582
    {
    - display_name: Nanonetworks and Molecular Communication
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11301",
       id: https://openalex.org/T13052
      "display_name": "Chemical Mechanical Polishing in Microelectronics Manufacturing"
    - display_name: Nanoscale Lithographic Patterning Techniques
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T12224
    {
    - display_name: Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Applications and Remediation
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11802",
       id: https://openalex.org/T12078
      "display_name": "Chemical-Looping Technologies"
    - display_name: Nanotechnology and Imaging for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis
    },
      id: https://openalex.org/T10782
    {
    - display_name: Nanotechnology and Nanoscale Science Education
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12642",
       id: https://openalex.org/T14089
      "display_name": "Controlled Release Materials for Agriculture"
    - display_name: Nanowire Nanosensors for Biomedical and Energy Applications
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11272
    {
    - display_name: Non-contact Physiological Monitoring Technology
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10868",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11196
      "display_name": "Design and Control of Soft Robotic Systems"
    - display_name: Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11569
    {
    - display_name: Origins and Future of Microfluidics
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13928",
       id: https://openalex.org/T10412
      "display_name": "Development and Application of Thin Film Thermocouples"
    - display_name: Paper-Based Diagnostic Devices
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T11393
    {
    - display_name: Photonic Nanojet Enhancement and Applications
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13418",
       id: https://openalex.org/T12466
      "display_name": "Development of High-Efficiency Photocathodes for Electron Sources"
    - display_name: Plasma Applications for Environmentally Friendly Catalyst Preparation
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T13820
    {
    - display_name: Plasmonics and Nanophotonics Research
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11808",
       id: https://openalex.org/T10295
      "display_name": "Development of Superconducting Magnets for Particle Accelerators and Fusion Reactors"
    - display_name: Polarimetric Imaging for Remote Sensing and Biomedical Applications
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T12050
    {
    - display_name: Science and Technology of Capacitive Deionization for Water Desalination
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T11608",
      id: https://openalex.org/T12074
      "display_name": "Dielectric Elastomer Materials and Applications"
    - display_name: Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Processing
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T10402
    {
    - display_name: Supercritical Water Gasification for Hydrogen Production
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11407",
       id: https://openalex.org/T12706
      "display_name": "Droplet Microfluidics Technology"
    - display_name: Technical Aspects of Biodiesel Production
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T10507
    {
    - display_name: Two-Photon Microfabrication Techniques
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12386",
       id: https://openalex.org/T11788
      "display_name": "Dual-Energy Computed Tomography"
    - display_name: Wearable Nanogenerator Technology
    },
       id: https://openalex.org/T10338
    {
    - display_name: Wireless Body Area Networks in Healthcare
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12285",
      id: https://openalex.org/T11932
      "display_name": "Engineering of Surface Nanostructures"
    subfield:
    },
      display_name: Biomedical Engineering
    {
      id: https://openalex.org/subfields/2204
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13722",
    updated_date: '2024-05-20T05:09:11.853071'
      "display_name": "Ergonomics and Sustainability in Human-Compatible Systems"
    works_count: 120267
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    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10958",
      "display_name": "Focused Ultrasound Technology and Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11517",
      "display_name": "Freeform Optics Design and Fabrication"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12740",
      "display_name": "Gait Recognition for Human Identification"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13267",
      "display_name": "Geometric Modeling and Nanomaterial Applications in Engineering"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13280",
      "display_name": "Hackathons in Biomedical Engineering Education"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10104",
      "display_name": "Heat Transfer Enhancement in Nanofluids"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T13232",
      "display_name": "Laser Ablation Synthesis of Nanoparticles"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11023",
      "display_name": "Lower Limb Exoskeleton Robotics"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12405",
      "display_name": "Magnetic Particle Imaging and Ferrofluid Research"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10675",
      "display_name": "Mechanical Circulatory Support Systems"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11255",
      "display_name": "Microfluidic Techniques for Particle Manipulation and Separation"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11739",
      "display_name": "Microwave Imaging for Breast Cancer Detection"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11582",
      "display_name": "Nanofluidics and Nanopore Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13052",
      "display_name": "Nanonetworks and Molecular Communication"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12224",
      "display_name": "Nanoscale Lithographic Patterning Techniques"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12078",
      "display_name": "Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron Applications and Remediation"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10782",
      "display_name": "Nanotechnology and Imaging for Cancer Therapy and Diagnosis"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T14089",
      "display_name": "Nanotechnology and Nanoscale Science Education"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11272",
      "display_name": "Nanowire Nanosensors for Biomedical and Energy Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11196",
      "display_name": "Non-contact Physiological Monitoring Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11569",
      "display_name": "Optical Coherence Tomography Imaging"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10412",
      "display_name": "Origins and Future of Microfluidics"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11393",
      "display_name": "Paper-Based Diagnostic Devices"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12466",
      "display_name": "Photonic Nanojet Enhancement and Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T13820",
      "display_name": "Plasma Applications for Environmentally Friendly Catalyst Preparation"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10295",
      "display_name": "Plasmonics and Nanophotonics Research"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12050",
      "display_name": "Polarimetric Imaging for Remote Sensing and Biomedical Applications"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12074",
      "display_name": "Science and Technology of Capacitive Deionization for Water Desalination"
    },
    {
      "id": "https://openalex.org/T10402",
      "display_name": "Supercritical Fluid Extraction and Processing"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T12706",
      "display_name": "Supercritical Water Gasification for Hydrogen Production"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10507",
      "display_name": "Technical Aspects of Biodiesel Production"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11788",
      "display_name": "Two-Photon Microfabrication Techniques"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T10338",
      "display_name": "Wearable Nanogenerator Technology"
    },
    {
       "id": "https://openalex.org/T11932",
      "display_name": "Wireless Body Area Networks in Healthcare"
    }
  ],
  "works_count": 121431,
  "cited_by_count": 2347313,
  "updated_date": "2024-08-26T06:10:38.612427",
  "created_date": "2024-01-23"
}