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"name": "Potential minability and economic viability of the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh coal field, north-central Armenia; a prefeasibility study",
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"abstract": "The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) conducted a coal resource assessment of several\r\nareas in Armenia from 1997 to 1999. This report, which presents a prefeasibility study of the\r\neconomic and mining potential of one coal deposit found and studied by the USGS team, was\r\nprepared using all data available at the time of the study and the results of the USGS exploratory\r\nwork, including core drilling, trenching, coal quality analyses, and other ongoing field work.\r\nOn the basis of information currently available, it is the authors? opinion that a small surface\r\ncoal mine having about a 20-year life span could be developed in the Antaramut-Kurtan-Dzoragukh\r\ncoal field, specifically at the Dzoragukh site. The mining organization selected or created to\r\nestablish the mine will need to conduct necessary development drilling and other work to establish\r\nthe final feasibility study for the mine. The company will need to be entrepreneurial, profit oriented,\r\nand sensitive to the coal consumer; have an analytical management staff; and focus on employee\r\ntraining, safety, and protection of the environment. It is anticipated that any interested parties will be\r\nrequired to submit detailed mining plans to the appropriate Armenian Government agencies.\r\nFurther development work will be required to reach a final decision regarding the economic\r\nfeasibility of the mine. However, available information indicates that a small, economic surface\r\nmine can be developed at this locality. The small mine suggested is a typical surface-outcropstripping,\r\ncontour mining operation. In addition, auger mining is strongly suggested, because the\r\nrecovery of these low-cost mining reserves will help to ensure that the operation will be a viable,\r\neconomic enterprise. (Auger mining is a system in which large-diameter boreholes are placed\r\nhorizontally into the coal seam at the final highwall set as the economic limit for the surface mining\r\noperation). A special horizontal boring machine, which can be imported from Russia, is required\r\nfor auger mining. Although auger-mining coal reserves do exist, the necessary development work\r\nwill further verify the extent of these reserves and all of the other indicated reserves.\r\nThe following items are based on the detailed study reported in this publication.\r\nInitial investment.?Following an investment of US $85,000 over a 12-month period in\r\nmine development drilling and other activities, a decision must be taken regarding further\r\ninvestment in an ongoing mining operation. If the new data support the opening of the surface mine,\r\n__________________________\r\n1Consultant, 6024 Morning Dew Drive, Austin, TX 78749.\r\n2 U.S. Geological Survey, 956 National Center, Reston, VA 20192\r\n1\r\n2 MINABILITY AND ECONOMIC VIABILITY, ANTARAMUT-KURTAN-DZORAGUKH COAL FIELD\r\nthe $85,000 development cost is amortized over the first 10 years of mine production. If the new\r\ndata do not support the opening of the mine, the $85,000 is considered a business development\r\nexpense that may be written off against profits from other operations for income or other tax\r\npurposes or simply as a business loss.\r\nTotal capital required.?The equipment costs will reach a total of $900,500 which will be\r\namortized over a 7-year period to establish estimated coal mining costs. Estimated working capital\r\ncosts are $300,000, which will be borrowed.\r\nSurface mining reserves.?Approximately 840,200 metric tonnes of surface minable coal\r\nreserves at 9.3 m3 of overburden per metric tonne of minable coal is indicated. Recovery of the\r\nminable coal at 85 percent will yield 714,000 recoverable metric tonnes of marketable as-mined\r\ncoal.\r\nAuger mining reserves.?Auger-mining reserves of 576,000 metric tonnes are indicated.\r\nRecoverable auger-mining reserves of 202,000 metric tonnes (at 35-percent recovery) can be\r\nexpected. Auger-mining production will vary according to the hole size being used, but, in either\r\ncase, augering is a very profitable addition to the mining oper",
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